The paradoxical misuse of power by those who see themselves as powerless: How does it happen?

Journal of Social Issues

Volumn 55, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 51-64

  Bugental, Daphne Blunt ^a   Lewis, Jeffrey Clayton ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b PITZER COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0002015807     PISSN: 00224537     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/0022-4537.00104     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Aguinis, N., Nesler, M. S., Quigley, B. M., & Tedeschi, J. (1994). Perceptions of power: A cognitive perspective. Social Behavior and Personality, 22, 377-384.
2. Anolli, L., & Ciceri, R. (1997). The voice of deception: Vocal strategies of naive and able liars. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 21, 259-284.
3. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
4. Bond, C. F., Omar, A., Mahmoud, A., & Bonser, R. M. (1990). Lie detection across cultures. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 14, 189-204.
5. Brown, C. E., Dovidio, J., & Ellyson, S. L. (1990). Reducing sex differences in visual displays of dominance: Knowledge is power. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 16, 358-368.
6. Bugental, D. B. (1993). Communication in abusive relationships: Cognitive constructions of interpersonal power. American Behavioral Scientist, 36, 288-308.
7. Bugental, D. B. (1998, June) Powerless parents use high levels of foorce. Paper presented at the Meeting of the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
8. Bugental, D. B., Blue, J., Cortez, V., Fleck, K., Kopeikin, H., Lewis, J. C., & Lyon, J. (1993). Social cognitions as organizers of autonomic and affective responses to social challenge. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 94-103.
9. Bugental, D. B., Blue, J., & Cruzcosa, M. (1989). Perceived control over caregiving outcomes: Implications for child abuse. Developmental Psychology, 25, 532-539.
10. Bugental, D. B., Brown, M., & Reiss, C. (1996). Cognitive representations of power in caregiving relationships: Biasing effects on interpersonal interaction and information-processing. Journal of Family Psychology, 10, 397-407.
11. Burgental, D. B., & Happaney, K. H. (1999). Parent-child interaction as a power contest. Unpublished manuscript.
12. Bugental, D. B., Johnston, C., New, M., & Silvester, J. (1998). Measuring parental attributions: Conceptual and methodological issues. Journal of Family Psychology, 12, 459-480.
13. Bugental, D. B., Kopeikin, H., & Lazowski, L. (1991). Children's responses to authentic versus polite smiles. In K. Rotenberg (Ed.), Children's interpersonal trust (pp. 58-79). New York: Springer-Verlag.
14. Bugental, D. B., & Lewis, J. (1998). Interpersonal power repair in response to threats to control from dependent others. In M. Kofta, G. Weary, & G. Sedek (Eds.), Personal control in action: Cognitive and motivational mechanisms (pp. 341-362). New York: Plenum Press.
15. Bugental, D. B., Lyon, J. E., Cortez, V., & Krantz, J. (1997). Who's the boss? Accessibility of dominance ideation among individuals with low perceptions of interpersonal power. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 1297-1309.
16. Bugental, D. B., Lyon, J. E., Lin, E., McGrath, E. G., & Bimbela, A. (in press). Children "tune out" in response to the ambiguous communication style of powerless adults. Child Development.
17. Bugental, D. B., & Shennum, W. A. (1984). "Difficult" children as elicitors and targets of adult communication patterns: An attributional-behavioral transactional analysis. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 49(1), serial no. 205, 1-69..
18. Caporael, L. R. (1981). The paralanguage of caregiving: Baby talk to the institutionalized aged. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40, 876-884.
19. Carli, L. (1990). Gender, language, and influence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 941-951.
20. Cohn, J. F., & Campbell, S. B. (1992). Influence of maternal depression on infant affect regulation. In D. Cicchetti & S. L. Toth (Eds.), Developmental perspectives on depression. In Rochester symposium on developmental psychopathology (Vol. 4, pp. 103-130). Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press.
21. Fiske, S. T., Morling, B., & Stevens, L. E. (1996). Controlling self and others: A theory of anxiety, mental control, and social control. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 115-123.
22. Gleicher, F., & Weary, G. (1991). Effect of depression on quantity and quality of social inferences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 105-114.
23. Goldman-Eisler, F. (1968) Psycholinguistics: Experiments in spontaneous speech. London: Academic Press.
24. Gottman, J. M., & Levenson, R. W. (1985). A valid procedure for obtaining self-report of affect in marital interaction. Journal of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, 53, 151-160.
25. Grusec, J. E., Adam, E., & Mammone, N. (1993, April). Mental representations of relationships, parent belief systems, and parenting behavior. Paper presented at the Meetings of the Society for Research in Child Development, New Orleans.
26. Grusec, J. E., & Mammone, N. (1995). Features and sources of parents' attributions about themselves and their children. In N. Eisenberg (Ed.), Review of Personality and Social Psychology (Vol. 15, pp. 49-73). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
27. Henley, N. M., & LaFrance, M. (1984). Gender as culture: Differences and dominance in nonverbal behavior. In A. Wolfgang (Ed.), Nonverbal behavior: Perspectives, applications, intercultural insights (pp. 351-371). Lewiston, NY: Hogrefe & Huber.
28. Kipnis, D. (1976). The powerholders. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
29. Lewis, J. C., Bugental, D. B., & Fleck, K. (1991). Attributions as moderators of reactions to computer-simulated responsive and unresponsive children. Social Cognition, 9, 277-293.
30. Livant, W. P. (1963). Antagonistic functions of verbal pauses: Filled and unfilled pauses in the solution or additions. Language and Speech, 6, 1-4.
31. Mahl, G. F. (1987). Explorations in nonverbal and vocal behavior. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
32. Malandro, L. A., Barker, L., & Barker, D. A. (1991). Nonverbal communication (2nd ed.). New York: Random House.
33. Perfetti, C. C., & Papi, M. B. (1985). Towards a cognitive typology of pause phenomena. Communication and Cognition, 18, 339-351.
34. Pittam, J. (1994). Voice in social interactions: An interdisciplinary approach. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
35. Pittman, T. S., & D'Agostino, P. R. (1989). Motivation and cognition: Control deprivation and the nature of subsequent information-processing. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 25, 465-480.
36. Pittman, T. S., & Pittman, N. L. (1980). Deprivation of control and the attribution process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 377-389.
37. Pope, B., Siegman, A. M., & Blass, T. (1970). Anxiety and speech in the initial interview. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 35, 233-238.
38. Raven, B. H., & Kruglanski, A. W. (1970). Conflict and power. In P. Swingle (Ed.), The structure of conflict (pp. 69-110). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
39. Raven, B. H., Schwarzwald, J., & Koslowsky, M. (1998). Conceptualizing and measuring a power/interaction model of interpersonal influence. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, 307-332.
40. Rochester, S. R. (1973). The significance of pauses in spontaneous speech. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2, 51-81.
41. Sarason, I. G., Sarason, B. R., & Pierce, G. R. (1990). Anxiety, cognitive interference, and performance. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 5, 1-18.
42. Schachter, S., Christenfeld, N., Ravina, B., & Bilous, F. (1991). Speech disfluency and the structure of knowledge. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 362-367.
43. Scherer, K. R. (1979). Personality markers in speech. In K. R. Scherer & H. Giles (Eds.), Social markers in speech (pp. 147-209). New York: Cambridge University Press.
44. Scherer, K. R. (1986). Vocal affect expression: A review and a model for future research. Psychological Bulletin, 99, 143-165.
45. Siegman, A. W. (1978). The telltale voice: Nonverbal messages of verbal communication. In A. W. Siegman & S. Feldstein (Eds.), Nonverbal behavior and communication (2nd ed., pp. 351-433). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
46. Wortman, C. B., & Brehm, J. W. (1975). Responses to uncontrollable outcomes: An integration of reactance theory and the learned helplessness model. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 8, pp. 277-336). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
47. Zebrowitz, L. A., Brownlow, S., & Olsen, K. (1992). Baby talk to the babyfaced. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 16, 143-158.