Using GPS to measure leveling section orthometric height difference in a ground subsidence area in Imperial Valley, California

Surveying and Land Information Systems

Volumn 57, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 100-119

  Parks, Wesley ^a,b   Dial, Todd ^c  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION   (United States)

^c County Property Services ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0002015536     PISSN: 10522905     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (17)

1. California Geodetic Control Committee. 1995. Specifications for geodetic control networks using high-production GPS surveying techniques. Version 2.0. Robert Bein, William Frost and Associates, Irvine, CA. 22 pp.
2. Federal Geodetic Control Committee. 1984 (reprinted February, 1991). Standards and specifications for geodetic control networks. National Geodetic Information Branch, NOAA, Silver Spring, Md.
3. Federal Geodetic Control Subcommittee. 1994. Interim FGCS specifications and procedures to incorporate electronic digital/barcode leveling systems. Version 4.0, July 15, 1994. National Geodetic Information Branch, NOAA, Silver Spring, Md.
4. Frakes, S., and D. Zilkoski. 1995. Proposed guidelines for establishing GPS-derived ellipsoidal heights (Standards: 2 on and 5 cm), version 3.0. National Geodetic Survey, Silver Spring, Md.
5. Mader, G., M. Schenewerk, M. Chin, T. Kelecy, S. Hilla, R. Safford, A. Nguyen, and G. Adams. 1994. OMW 3.42 user's guide. National Geodetic Survey, Silver Spring, Md. 192 pp.
6. Milbert, D. G. 1991. GEOID90: A high resolution geoid to the United States. EOS, Transactions (American Geophysical Union) 72(49): 545.
7. Milbert, D. G. 1992. GPS and GEOID90 - the new level rod. GPS World 3(2): 38-43.
8. Milbert, D. G., and W. G. Kass. 1987. ADJUST: The horizontal observation adjustment program. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NGS-47. US Dept. of Commerce, Nat. Ocean. and Atmos. Admin., Nat Ocean Ser., Silver Spring, Md. 53 pp.
9. Milbert, D. G., and D. Schultz. 1993. GEOID (The National Geodetic Survey Geoid Computation Program). Geodetic Services Division, National Geodetic Survey, Silver Spring, Md.
10. Milbert, D. G., and D. A. Smith. 1996. Converting GPS height into NAVD88 elevation with the GEOID 96 geoid height model. National Geodetic Survey, Silver Spring, Md. 10 pp.
11. NGS. 1994. Constrained adjustment guidelines. National Geodetic Survey, Silver Spring, Md. 40 pp.
12. Parks, W., and D. Milbert. 1995. A geoid height model for San Diego County, California, to test the effect of densifying gravity measurements on accuracy of GPS-derived orthometric height. Surveying and Land Information Systems 55(1): 21-38.
13. Schenewerk, M., J. R. MacKay, W. Kass, M. Chin, and G. Mader. 1994. Rapid turnaround GPS ephemerides from the National Geodetic Survey, Silver Spring, Md. 9 pp.
14. Strange, W. E. 1989. GPS determination of groundwater withdrawal subsidence. Journal of Surveying Engineering 115(2): 198-206.
15. Yankowiak, B. J., and J.C. Bohlke. 1993. Predicting the accuracies of GPS-derived elevations using a gravity map of Minnesota. In: Proceedings of the GIS/LIS '93 Convention, Bethesda, Md.
16. Zilkoski, D. B. 1990. Minimum steps required when estimating GPS-derived orthometric heights. In: Proceedings of the GIS/LIS '9O Convention, Bethesda, Md.
17. Zilkoski, D. B., and L. D. Hothem. 1989. GPS satellite surveys and vertical control. Journal of Surveying Engineering 115(2): 262-81.