Understanding the rural-urban voting patterns in the 1992 Ghanaian presidential election. A closer look at the distributional impact of Ghana's Structural Adjustment Programme

Journal of Modern African Studies

Volumn 36, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 47-70

  Bawumia, Mahamudu ^a  

^a BAYLOR UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001990919     PISSN: 0022278X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0022278X97002632     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. See Peter Nannestad and Martin Paldam, 'The VP function: a survey of the literature on vote and popularity functions after 25 years', Public Choice 79 (1994), 213-45.
2. For an overview of these elections, see Richard Jeffries and Clare Thomas, ' The Ghanaian elections of 1992', African Affairs 92, 368 (1993).
3. The parliamentary elections were boycotted by the opposition parties after they alleged that the presidential election was rigged. The presidential election was, however, declared by an international group of monitors to have been largely 'free and fair'.
4. Tabatabai, 'Economic stabilization and structural adjustment in Ghana', Labour and Society 2, 3 (1986).
5. Ibid.
6. International Monetary Fund, Ghana: recent economic developments (Washington, 1987).
7. Ibid.
8. UNICEF, Ghana: adjustment policies and programmes to protect vulnerable groups (Accra, mimeo, Nov. 1986).
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid.
11. M. M. Huq, The Economy of Ghana: the first 25 years since independence (Basingstoke, 1990) p. 42.
12. Ibid., pp. 42-3.
13. Tabatabai, 'Economic stabilization'.
14. UNICEF, Ghana.
15. A. Bequele, 'Stagnation and inequality in Ghana', in D. Ghai and S.v Radwan (eds.), Agrarian Policies and Rural Poverty in Africa (Geneva, 1983).
16. UNICEF, Ghana.
17. Ibid.
18. Ubugo and Umo, ' Impacts of the external sector on employment equity', World Employment Research Papers (Geneva, 1986).
19. UNICEF, Ghana.
20. Ibid., p. 15.
21. Ibid.
22. Donald I. Ray, Ghana: politics, economics and society (London, 1986), p. 61.
23. J. H. Frimpong-Ansah, The Vampire State in Africa: the political economy of decline in Ghana (London, 1991), p. 112.
24. Kenneth A. Atafuah, Criminal Justice Policy, Public Tribunals, and the Administration of Justice in Rawlings' Ghana (1982-191)2) : a study in the political economy of revolutionary social change and criminal law reform. Ph.D. dissertation, Simon Fraser University, 1993, p. 157.
25. Jeffrey Herbst, The Politics of Reform in Ghana, 1982-1991 (Berkeley, 1993), p. 28.
26. Ray, Ghana, p. 108.
27. West Africa, 12 Sept. 1983.
28. Government of Ghana, Economic Recovery Programme (Report prepared by the government of Ghana for the meeting of the Consultative Group for Ghana, Paris, 1987), vols. I and II.
29. International Monetary Fund, Ghana: adjustment and growth, 1983-91, Occasional Paper No. 86 (Washington, 1991).
30. J. F. Toye, P. Mosley and Jane Harrigan, Aid and Power: the World Bank and policy-based lending (London, 1991), p. 17.
31. (OECD, 1992).
32. Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Land Use of Ghana (Accra, 1991).
33. Tabatabai, 'Economic stabilisation'.
34. E. Oti Boateng, Kodwo Ewusi, Ravi Kanbur and A. Mckay, 'A poverty profile for Ghana', SDA Working Paper No. 5 (Washington, 1987-8).
35. International Monetary Fund, Ghana.
36. Huq, Economy of Ghana, p. 48.
37. Government of Ghana, The Economy and People of Ghana (Accra, 1991).
38. OECD, 1992.
39. Ben Ephson, 'The price of health', West Africa, 14 Oct. 1985, p. 2156.
40. Jon Kraus, 'The political economy of stabilization and structural adjustment in Ghana', School of Advanced International Studies conference on the political economy of Ghana. Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore, 1991), p. 142.
41. Ibid.
42. OECD, Adjustment and Equity in Ghana (Paris, 19992).
43. Anthony Downs, An Economic Theory of Democracy (New York, 1957), pp. 15-33.
44. Herbst, Politics of Reform, p. 87.
45. Ibid., p. 88.
46. Ghana Electoral Commission, The Presidential Election, 1993. Regional and constituency results (Accra, 1993).
47. Ibid.
48. Mike Oquaye, 'The Ghanaian elections of 1992: a dissenting view', African Affairs 94, 375 (1995).
49. Gwendolyn Mikell, ' Peasant politicisation and economic recuperation in Ghana: local and national dilemmas', Journal of Modern African Studies 27, 3 (1989), 455-78.
50. Ibid., p. 456.
51. Naomi Chazan, 'The political transformation of Ghana under the P.N.D.C.', in Donald Rothchild (ed.), Ghana. The political economy of recovery (Boulder, 1991).
52. Ibid., pp. 36-7.