The effects of financial conditions and managerial ideologies on corporate downsizing: Some evidence from the U.S. investor-owned electric utilities industry, 1992-1995

Management

Volumn 2, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 89-126

  Rust, Kathleen Garrett ^a  

^a ELMHURST COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001962674     PISSN: 12864892     EISSN: 12864692     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (111)

1. Babbie, Earl. 1992 The Practice of Social Research, 6th Edition, Belmont: Wadsworth.
2. Balzhiser, Richard E. 1996 Technology: It's only Begun to Make a Difference, The Electricity Journal, 9:4, 32-45.
3. Bethel, Jennifer E., and Julia Liebeskind 1993 The Effects of Ownership Structure on Corporate Restructuring, Strategic Management Journal, 14, 15-31.
4. Bettis, Richard A., Steven P. Bradley, and Gary Hamel 1992 Outsourcing and Industrial Decline, Academy of Management Executive, 6:1, 7-22.
5. Bettman, James, and Barton Weitz 1983 Attributions in the Boardroom: Causal Reasoning in Corporate Annual Reports, Administrative Science Quarterly, 28, 165-183.
6. Beyer, Janice. M. 1981 Ideologies, Values, and Decision Making in Organizations, in Paul C. Nystrom and William H. Starbuck (Eds.), Handbook of Organizational Design, Vol 2, New York: Oxford University Press, 166-202.
7. Bourgeois, L. J., and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt 1988 Strategic Decision Making in High Velocity Environments: Four Cases in the Microcomputer Industry, Management Science, 34:7, 816-835.
8. Bowman, Edward H. 1976 Strategy and the Weather, Sloan Management Review, 17, 49-62.
9. Bowman, Edward H. 1978 Strategy, Annual Reports, and Alchemy, California Management Review, 20, 64-71.
10. Bowman, Edward H., and Harbir Singh 1993 Corporate Restructuring: Reconfiguring the Firm, Strategic Management Journal, 14, 5-14.
11. Bridges, William 1994 The End of the Job, Fortune, 130, 62-74.
12. Brockner, Joel 1988 The Effects of Work Layoffs on Survivors: Research, Theory, and Practice, in Barry M. Staw, and Larry L. Cummings (Eds), Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 10, Greenwich: JAI Press, 213-255.
13. Brockner, Joel, Jeanette Davy, and Carolyn Carter 1985 Layoffs, Self-Esteems, and Survivor Guilt: Motivational, Affective and Attitudinal Consequences, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 36, 229-244.
14. Brockner, Joel, Steven Grover, Thomas D. Reed, Rocki-Lee DeWitt, and Michael O'Malley 1987 Survivors' Reactions to Layoffs: We Get by with a Little Help for our Friends, Administrative Science Quarterly, 32, 526-542.
15. Bruton, Garry D., J. Kay Keels, and Christopher L. Shook 1996 Downsizing the Firm: Answering the Strategic Questions, Academy of Management Executive, 10:2, 38-45.
16. Budros, Art 1997 The New Capitalism and Organizational Rationality: The Adoption of Downsizing Programs, 1979-1994, Social Forces, 76:1, 229-250.
17. Cameron, Kim S. 1994 Strategies for Successful Organizational Downsizing, Human Resource Management, 33, 189-211.
18. Cameron, Kim S., Sarah J. Freeman, and Aneil K. Mishra 1991 Best Practices in White-Collar Downsizing: Managing Contradictions, Academy of Management Executive, 5, 57-73.
19. Campbell, Donald T., and Donald W. Fiske 1959 Convergent and Discriminant Validation by the Multitrait - Multimethod Matrix, Psychology Bulletin, 56, 81-105.
20. Cascio, Wayne F. 1993 Downsizing: What Do We Know? What Have We Learned?, Academy of Management Executive, 7, 95-104.
21. Cascio, Wayne F., Clifford E. Young, and James R. Morris 1997 Financial Consequences of Employment-Change Decisions in Major U.S. Corporations, Academy of Management Journal, 40:5, 1175-1189.
22. Chicago Tribune, 1995 Utilities' Merger Creates Another Power House, August 15th.
23. Clapham, Stephen. E., and Charles R. Schwenk 1991 Self-Serving Attributions, Managerial Cognition, and Company Performance, Strategic Management Journal, 12, 219-229.
24. Daniel, Wayne W., and James C. Terrell 1989 Business Statistics, Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
25. David, Parthiban, Rahul Kochhar, and Edward Levitas 1998 The Effects of Institutional Investors on the Level and Mix of CEO Compensation, Academy of Management Journal, 41:2, 200-208.
26. De Meuse, Kenneth, Paul Vanderheiden, and Thomas Bergmann 1994 Announced Layoffs: Their Effect on Corporate Performance, Human Resource Management, 33, 509-530.
27. DeWitt, Rocki-Lee 1993 The Structural Consequences of Downsizing, Organization Science, 4:2, 30-40.
28. Doeringer, Peter B. 1991 Turbulence in the American Workplace, New York: Oxford Press.
29. Dougherty, Deborah, and Edward Bowman 1995 The Effect of Organizational Downsizing on Product Innovation, California Management Review, 37, 28-44.
30. Dougherty, Deborah, and Gareth Kunda 1990 Photograph Analysis: A Method to Capture Organizational Belief Systems, in Pasquale Gagliardi (Ed.), Symbols and Artifacts: Views of Corporate Landscape, New York: Walter de Gruyter, 185-206.
31. Downs, Alan 1995 Corporate Executions: The Ugly Truth about Layoffs-How Corporate Greed Is Shattering Lives, Companies, and Communities, New York: AMACOM.
32. Drucker, Peter F. 1954 The Practice of Management, New York: Harper.
33. Edelman, Lauren 1990 Legal Environments and Organizational governance, American Journal of Sociology, 95, 1401-1440.
34. Eisenhardt, Kathleen M., and Behnam N. Tabrizi 1995 Accelerating Adaptive Processes: Product innovation in the Global Computer Industry, Administrative Science Quarterly, 40, 84-110.
35. Electric Utility Week, 1996 Centerior Retiring Three Coal Plants, Eliminating 500 Jobs To Cut Costs, May 20th.
36. Electric Utility Week, 1997 SPS, PS Colorado May Boost Workforce Cutbacks After Merger from 8% to 19%, February 10th.
37. Feldman, Daniel C., and Carrie R. Leana 1994 Better Practices in Managing Layoffs, Human Resource Management, 33, 239-260.
38. Fiedler, M. 1996 Electric Downsizing Likely to Continue amid Restructuring and Consolidation, SourceBook, June 1st.
39. Freeman, Sarah J., and Kim S. Cameron 1993 Organizational Downsizing: A Convergence and Reorientation Framework, Organization Science, 4, 10-29.
40. Gerlin, Ann 1995 Seminars Teach Managers Finer Points of Firing, Wall Street Journal, April 26th, C1.
41. Gordon, George G. 1991 Industry Determinants of Organizational Culture, Academy of Management Review, 16:2, 396-415.
42. Greenburg, Eric R. 1991 Downsizing: AMA Survey Results, Compensation and Benefits Review, 23:4, 33-38.
43. Greenhalgh, Leonard, Anne Lawrence, and Robert Sutton 1988 Determinants of Work Force Reduction Strategies in Declining Organizations, Academy of Management Review, 13, 241-254.
44. Hamel, Gary, and C. K. Prahalad 1994 Competing for the Future, Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
45. Heenan, David O. 1991 The Right Way to Downsize, The Journal of Business Strategy, 12:5, 4-6.
46. Hirsch, Paul M. 1986 From Ambushes to Golden Parachutes: Corporate Takeovers as an Instance of Cultural Framing and Institutional Integration, American Journal of Sociology, 91, 800-837.
47. Hodgkinson, Gerard P. 1994 The Cognitive Analysis of Competitive Structures: A Review of Recent Research, Discussion Paper Series, Sheffield: Sheffield Management School, April.
48. Holsti, Ole R. 1968 Content Analysis, in Gardner Lindzey and Elliot Aronson (Eds.), The Handbook of Social Psychology, Reading: Addison-Westley, 596-692.
49. Horwitz, Robert 1986 Understanding Deregulation, Theory and Society, 15, 139-174.
50. Huff, Anne S. 1982 Industry Influence on Strategic Formulation, Strategic Management Journal, 3, 119-131.
51. Katz, Daniel 1964 The Motivational Basis of Organizational Behavior, Behavioral Science, 9, 131-146.
52. Kerlinger, Fred N. 1992 Foundations of Behavioral Research, 3rd edition, Orlando: Harcourt Brace.
53. Kiesler, Sara, and Lee Sproull 1982 Managerial Responses to Changing Environments: Perspectives on Problem Sensing from Social Cognition, Administrative Science Quarterly, 27, 548-570.
54. Kolbe, Richard H., and Melissa S. Burnett 1991 Content-Analysis Research: An Examination of Applications with Directives for Improving Research Reliability and Objectivity, Journal of Consumer Research, 18, 243-250.
55. Leana, Carrie R. 1996 Why Downsizing Won't Work, Chicago Tribune Magazine, April 14th, 15-16, 18.
56. Likert, Rensis 1961 New Patterns of Management, New York: McGraw-Hill.
57. Linden, H. R. 1995 The Revolution Continues, The Electricity Journal, December, 54.
58. Lublin, Joann S. 1994 Don't Stop Cutting Staff, Study Suggests, Wall Street Journal, September 27th.
59. Marciano, Vitor M. 1995 The Origins and Development of Human Resource Management, in Dorothy Perrin Moore (Ed.), Academy of Management Best Papers Proceedings, Briarcliff Manor: Academy of Management, 223-227.
60. McGraw-Hill 1995 Electrical World Directory of Electric Utilities, 103rd edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
61. McGraw-Hill 1996 Electrical World Directory of Electric Power Producers, 104th edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
62. McGraw-Hill 1997 Electrical World Directory of Electric Power Producers, 105th edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
63. McGregor, Douglas 1960 The Human Side of Enterprise, New York: McGraw-Hill.
64. McKinley, William 1992 Decreasing Organizational Size: To Untangle or not to Untangle?, Academy of Management Review, 17, 112-123.
65. McKinley, William, Mark A. Mone, and Vincent L. Barker III 1998 Some Ideological Foundations of Organizational Downsizing, Journal of Management Inquiry, 7:3, 198-212.
66. McKinley, William, Carol Sanchez, and Alan Schick 1995 Organizational Downsizing: Constraining, Cloning, Learning, Academy of Management Executive, 9:3, 32-42.
67. Mentzer, Marc S. 1996 Corporate Downsizing and Profitability in Canada, Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 13:3, 237-250.
68. Meyer, Alan D. 1982a Adapting to Environmental Jolts, Administrative Science Quarterly, 27, 515-537.
69. Meyer, Alan D. 1982b How Ideologies Supplant Formal Structure and Shape Responses to Environments, Journal of Management Studies, 19, 45-61.
70. Miles, Richard 1965 Human Relations or Human Resources? Harvard Business Review, 43, 148-163.
71. Mishra, Aneil K., and Karen E. Mishra 1994 The Role of Mutual Trust in Effective Downsizing Strategies, Human Resource Management, 33, 261-279.
72. Mone, Mark A. 1997 How We Got along after Downsizing: Post-Downsizing Trust as a Double-Edged Sword, Public Administration Quarterly, 21:3, 309-336.
73. Moody's Investment Service 1994 Moody's Public Utilities Manual, Vol. 1 and 2: New York: Moody's Investment Service.
74. Moody's Investment Service 1995 Moody's Public Utilities Manual, Vol. 1 and 2: New York: Moody's Investment Service.
75. Narayanan, V. K., and Liam Fahey 1990 Evolution of Revealed Causal Maps during Decline: A Case Study of Admiral, in Anne S. Huff (Ed.), Mapping Strategic Thought, New York: Wiley, 109-133.
76. Noer, David M. 1993 Healing the Wounds: Overcoming the Trauma of Layoffs and Revitalizing Downsized Organizations, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
77. O'Reilly, Brian 1994 The New Deal: What Companies and Employees Owe One Another, Fortune, 129, 44-52.
78. Pedhazur, Elazar J. 1982 Multiple Regression in Behavioral Research: Explanation and Prediction, Fort Worth: Harcourt, Brace, & Jovanivich.
79. Perreault, William D. Jr., and Laurence E. Leigh 1989 Reliability of Nominal Data Based on Qualitative Judgments, Journal of Marketing Research, 26, 135-148.
80. Perry, Lee T. 1985 Cutbacks, Layoffs, and other Obscenities: Making Human Resource Decisions, Business Horizons, 28:4, 68-75.
81. Pfeffer, Jeffrey 1981 Management as Symbolic Action: The Creation and Maintenance of Organizational Paradigms, in Larry L. Cummings and Barry M. Staw (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 3, Greenwich: JAI Press, 1-52.
82. Pfeffer, Jeffrey 1994 Competitive Advantage through People, California Management Review, 36, 9-28.
83. Pfeffer, Jeffrey, and James N. Baron 1988 Taking the Workers Back Out: Recent Trends in that Restructuring of Employment, in Larry L. Cummings and Barry M. Staw (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 10, Greenwich: JAI Press, 257-303.
84. Porac, Joseph F., Howard Thomas, and Charles Baden-Fuller 1989 Competitive Groups as Cognitive Communities: The Case of Scottish Knitwear Manufactures, Journal of Management Studies, 26, 397-416.
85. Porac, Joseph F., Howard Thomas, Fiona Wilson, Douglas Paton, and Alaina Kanfer 1995 Rivalry and the Industry Model of Scottish Knitwear Producers, Administrative Science Quarterly, 40, 203-227.
86. Porter, Michael E. 1980 Competitive Strategy, New York: The Free Press.
87. PRNewswire 1996 CILCORP Inc. Will Take a Fourth Quarter 1996 Charge Against Earnings to Reflect the Cost of a Voluntary Early Retirement Incentive Plan, November 25th.
88. Pullinger, Deborah 1992 Slimming Down and Wasting Away: Case for the Process Doctor, Management Education and Development, 23, 328-332.
89. Rice, Daniel, and Craig Dreilinger 1991 After the Downsizing, Training and Development, 44:5, 41-44.
90. Richman, Linda 1993 When Will the Layoffs End?, Fortune, 128:6, 54-56.
91. Robinson, Sandra L. 1997 Trust and Breach of the Psychological Contract, Administrative Science Quarterly, 41, 574-599.
92. Ropp, Kirkland 1987 Downsizing Strategies: Reducing the Trauma of Reducing Employees, Personnel Administrator, 32:2, 61-64.
93. Rousseau, Denise M. 1995 Psychological Contracts in Organizations: Understanding Written and Unwritten Agreements, Thousand Oaks: Sage.
94. Schick, Allen G., Lawrence A. Gordon, and Susan Haka 1990 Information Overload: A Temporal Approach, Accounting, Business, and Society, 15, 199-220.
95. Shleifer, Andrei, and Lawrence H. Summers 1987 Breach of Trust in Hostile Takeovers, in Alan J. Auerbach (Ed.), Corporate Takeovers: Causes and Consequences, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 33-67.
96. Singh, Harbir 1993 Challenges in Researching Corporate Restructuring, Journal of Management Studies, 30, 1-16.
97. Sproull, Lee S. 1981 Beliefs in Organizations, in Paul C. Nystrom and William H. Starbuck (Eds.), Handbook of Organizational Design, Vol. 2, New York: Oxford University Press, 203-224.
98. Steiner, George A., and John F. Steiner 1994 Business, Government, and Society: A Managerial Perspective, New York: McGraw-Hill.
99. Stewart, Thomas A. 1997 When Change Is Total, Exciting-and Scary, Fortune, 135:4, 169-170.
100. Sutton, Robert I., and Thomas D'Aunno 1989 Decreasing Organizational Size: Untangling the Effects of Money and People, Academy of Management Review, 14, 194-212.
101. The New York Times 1996 The Downsizing of America, New York: Random House.
102. Tomasko, Robert M. 1987 Downsizing: Reshaping the Corporation for the Future, New York: AMACOM.
103. Touby, Lauren 1993 The Business of America Is Jobs, Journal of Business Strategy, 14:6, 21-31.
104. Trice, Harrison M., and Janice M. Beyer 1993 The Cultures of Work Organizations, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
105. U.S. Energy Information Administration 1993 Financial Statistics of Major U.S. Investor-Owned Electric Utilities, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Energy.
106. U.S. Energy Information Administration 1996 The Changing Structure of the Electric Power Industry: An Update, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Energy.
107. Useem, Michael 1993 Executive Defense: Shareholder Power and Corporate Reorganization, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
108. Whipp, Richard, Robert Rosenfeld, and Andrew Pettigrew, 1989 Culture and Competitiveness: Evidence from Two Mature UK Industries, Journal of Management Studies, 26, 561-585.
109. Williamson, Oliver E. 1975 Markets and Hierarchies, New York: Free Press.
110. Williamson, Oliver E. 1981 The Economics of Organizations: The Transaction Cost Approach, American Journal of Sociology, 87:3, 548-577.
111. Worrell, Dan L., Wallace N. Davidson, and Varinder M. Sharma 1991 Layoff Announcements and Stockholder Wealth, Academy of Management Journal, 34, 662-678.