About suffering: Voice, genre, and moral community

Daedalus

Volumn 125, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 25-45

  Morris, David B ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001917038     PISSN: 00115266     EISSN: 15486192     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Terry Eagleton, Literary Theory: An Introduction (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1983).
2. Walter J. Slatoff, The Look of Distance: Reflections on Suffering and Sympathy in Modern Literature - Anden to Agee, Whitman to Woolf (Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University Press, 1985), 233.
3. See Falling into Theory: Conflicting Views on Reading Literature, ed. David H. Richter (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994).
4. For biomedical definitions, see The Hidden Dimension of Illness: Human Suffering, ed. Patricia L. Starck and John P. McGovern (New York: National League for Nursing Press, 1992);
5. and C. Richard Chapman and Jonathan Gavrin, "Suffering and its Relationship to Pain," Journal of Palliative Care 9 (2) (1993): 5-13.
6. T. S. Eliot, "The Three Voices of Poetry" (1953), in On Poetry and Poets (New York: Farrar, Straus and Cudahy, 1957).
7. On silence, see Elaine Scarry, The Body in Pain: The Making and Unmaking of the World (New York: Oxford University Press, 1985), 42-45.
8. Voice and representation are discussed in Pain as Human Experience: An Anthropological Perspective, ed. Mary-Jo DelVecchio Good et al. (Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, 1992).
9. On suffering, see Thomas Dilworth, "Auden's 'Musée des Beaux Arts,'" Explicator 49 (3) (Spring 1991): 181-83.
10. On suffering, see Cho-hee Joh, "Beckett's Capacity for Differentiation: Some Observations on Reading His Works," Journal of English Language and Literature 35 (4) (Winter 1989): 759-73.
11. See Gustavo Gutiérrez, On Job: God-Talk and the Suffering of the Innocent (1985), trans. Matthew J. O'Connell (Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis Books, 1987);
12. and Paul Fussell, The Great War and Modern Memory (New York: Oxford University Press, 1975).
13. See Susan Sipple, "'Witness [to] the Suffering of Women': Poverty and Sexual Transgression in Meridel Le Sueur's Women on the Breadlines," in Feminism, Bakhtin, and the Dialogic, ed. Dale M. Bauer and Susan Jaret McKinstry (Albany, N.Y.: SUNY Press, 1991): 135-53;
14. John Knott, Discourses of Martyrdom in English Literature, 1563-1694 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994);
15. and Katherine Heinrichs, "Love and Hell: The Denizens of Hades in the Love Poems of the Middle Ages," Neophilologus 73 (4) (October 1989): 593-604.
16. Joyce Carol Oates, "Remarks...accepting the National Book Award in Fiction" (1970), in Mary Kathryn Grant, The Tragic Vision of Joyce Carol Oates (Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1978), 164.
17. William Faulkner, "Address upon Receiving the Nobel Prize for Literature" (1950), in Essays, Speeches, and Public Letters, ed. James B. Meriwether (New York: Random House, 1965), 120.
18. Glending Olson, Literature as Recreation in the Later Middle Ages (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1982).
19. Norman Cousins's JAMA essay was expanded into his best-selling book, Anatomy of an Illness as Perceived by the Patient: Reflections on Healing and Regeneration (New York: W. W. Norton, 1979).
20. On comedy, see David B. Morris, The Culture of Pain (Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, 1991).
21. See People With Pain Speak Out, ed. Christine Nyhane and Brian Sardeson (Ballarat East, Australia: The Writing Project Group, 1990);
22. and Living With Chronic Pain: Personal Experiences of Pain Sufferers, ed. Laura S. Hitchcock (Bethesda, Md.: National Chronic Pain Outreach Association, 1992). Various newsletters and support groups, such as the American Chronic Pain Association, also seek to give voice to the experience of patients.
23. Reynolds Price, A Whole New Life: An Illness and a Healing (New York: Atheneum, 1994), 181.
24. M. M. Bakhtin, Speech Genres and Other Late Essays, ed. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist, trans. Vern W. McGee (Austin, Tex.: University of Texas Press, 1986).
25. Jacques Derrida, "The Law of Genre," Critical Inquiry 7 (1) (Autumn 1980): 65. Derrida offers this view as a "hypothesis."
26. On genre and narrative change, see Ralph Cohen, "History and Genre," New Literary History 17 (2) (Winter 1986): 203-18.
27. E. D. Hirsch, Jr., Validity in Interpretation (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1967), 70.
28. See Thomas O. Beebee, The Ideology of Genre: A Comparative Study of Generic Instability (University Park, Pa.: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1994).
29. Hayden White, Metahistory: The Historical Imagination in Nineteenth-Century Europe (Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1974).
30. Northrop Frye, Anatomy of Criticism (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1957), 212.
31. Thomas Gould, The Ancient Quarrel Between Poetry and Philosophy (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1990), ix.
32. For a non-Western view, see Gananath Obeyesekere, "Depression, Buddhism, and the Work of Culture in Sri Lanka," Culture and Depression: Studies in the Anthropology and Cross-Cultural Psychiatry of Affect and Disorder, ed. Arthur Kleinman and Byron Good (Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, 1985), 134-52.
33. M. M. Bakhtin, The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays by M. M. Bakhtin, ed. Michael Holquist, trans. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist (Austin, Tex.: University of Texas Press, 1981);
34. and Tzvetan Todorov, Mikhail Bakhtin: The Dialogical Principle (1981), trans. Wlad Godzich (Minneapolis, Minn.: University of Minnesota Press, 1984).
35. "Clarification" is one definition of the Aristotelian term catharsis. See Aristotle's Poetics: A Translation and Commentary for Students of Literature, trans. Leon Golden, commentary by O. B. Hardison, Jr. (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1968).
36. Gustavo Gutiérrez, A Theology of Liberation: History, Politics and Salvation (1971), trans. Caridad Inda and John Eagleson (Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis Books, 1973).
37. C. S. Lewis, The Problem of Pain (New York: Macmillan, 1944), 103-104.
38. Marxist theorist Georg Lukács sees novelistic characters as infused with thoughts and emotions "typical" of large groups, yet even this access to large groups remains through individuals. Georg Lukács, "The Intellectual Physiognomy of Literary Characters" (trans. 1936), in Radical Perspectives in the Arts, ed. Lee Baxandall (Baltimore, Md.: Penguin Books, 1972), 89-141.
39. See Terry Eagleton, Criticism and Ideology: A Study in Marxist Literary Theory (London: NLB, 1976);
40. and Terry Eagleton, Fredric Jameson, and Edward Said, Nationalism, Colonialism, and Literature (Minneapolis, Minn.: University of Minnesota Press, 1990).
41. On ideological blind spots in texts, see Pierre Macherey, A Theory of Literary Production (1966), trans. Geoffrey Wall (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1978).
42. Tom Regan, The Thee Generation: Reflections on the Coming Revolution (Philadelphia, Pa.: Temple University Press, 1991), 20.
43. See Michael C. J. Putnam, The Poetry of the Aeneid: Four Studies in Imaginative Unity and Design (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1965).
44. James Miller, The Passion of Michel Foucault (New York: Doubleday, 1993), 64-65, 187-93.
45. On disability, see Wilbert E. Fordyce, "Pain and Suffering: A Reappraisal," American Psychologist 43 (4) (April 1988): 276-83;
46. and Mark D. Sullivan and John D. Loeser, "The Diagnosis of Disability: Treating and Rating Disability in a Pain Clinic," Archives of Internal Medicine 152 (September 1992): 1829-1835.
47. See Arthur Kleinman and Joan Kleinman, "Suffering and its Professional Transformation: Toward an Ethnography of Interpersonal Experience," Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 15 (3) (1991): 275-301.