The development of the park royal industrial estate in the interwar period: A re-examination of the Aldcroft/Richardson thesis

London Journal

Volumn 21, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 64-79

  Armstrong, John ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001783872     PISSN: 03058034     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/03058034.1996.11771059     Document Type: Article

References (135)

1. The seminal articles include H. W. Richardson, 'The Basis of Economic Recovery in the 1930s: A Review and a New Interpretation', Economic History Review, 2nd ser., XV (1962); D. H. Aldcroft, 'Economic Progress in Britain in the 1920s', The Scottish Journal of Political Economy, XIII (1966); H. W. Richardson, The New Industries between the Wars', Oxford Economic Papers, XIII (1961); D. H. Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth in Britain in the Inter-war Years: A Re-assessment', Economic History Review, 2nd series, XX (1967).
2. The seminal articles include H. W. Richardson, 'The Basis of Economic Recovery in the 1930s: A Review and a New Interpretation', Economic History Review, 2nd ser., XV (1962); D. H. Aldcroft, 'Economic Progress in Britain in the 1920s', The Scottish Journal of Political Economy, XIII (1966); H. W. Richardson, The New Industries between the Wars', Oxford Economic Papers, XIII (1961); D. H. Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth in Britain in the Inter-war Years: A Re-assessment', Economic History Review, 2nd series, XX (1967).
3. The seminal articles include H. W. Richardson, 'The Basis of Economic Recovery in the 1930s: A Review and a New Interpretation', Economic History Review, 2nd ser., XV (1962); D. H. Aldcroft, 'Economic Progress in Britain in the 1920s', The Scottish Journal of Political Economy, XIII (1966); H. W. Richardson, The New Industries between the Wars', Oxford Economic Papers, XIII (1961); D. H. Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth in Britain in the Inter-war Years: A Re-assessment', Economic History Review, 2nd series, XX (1967).
4. The seminal articles include H. W. Richardson, 'The Basis of Economic Recovery in the 1930s: A Review and a New Interpretation', Economic History Review, 2nd ser., XV (1962); D. H. Aldcroft, 'Economic Progress in Britain in the 1920s', The Scottish Journal of Political Economy, XIII (1966); H. W. Richardson, The New Industries between the Wars', Oxford Economic Papers, XIII (1961); D. H. Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth in Britain in the Inter-war Years: A Re-assessment', Economic History Review, 2nd series, XX (1967).
5. Richardson, The New Industries', Richardson, The basis of Economic Recovery', 249; Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth in Britain', 41.
6. Richardson, The New Industries', Richardson, The basis of Economic Recovery', 249; Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth in Britain', 41.
7. Richardson, The New Industries', Richardson, The basis of Economic Recovery', 249; Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth in Britain', 41.
8. Richardson, 'The Basis of Economic Recovery', 250, 259.
9. H. J. Dyos and D. H. Aldcroft, British Transport: An Economic Survey from the Seventeenth Century to the Twentieth (Leicester, 1969), 348-9.
10. Richardson, The Basis', 257, 259; Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth in Britain', 44, 46; Aldcroft, 'Economic Progress'.
11. Richardson, The Basis', 257, 259; Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth in Britain', 44, 46; Aldcroft, 'Economic Progress'.
12. Richardson, The Basis', 257, 259; Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth in Britain', 44, 46; Aldcroft, 'Economic Progress'.
13. Richardson, 'The Basis', 240; Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth', 52.
14. Richardson, 'The Basis', 240; Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth', 52.
15. C. H. Lee, 'Regional Growth and Structural Change in Victorian Britain', Economic History Review, 2nd ser., XXIV (1981), 438-9.
16. S. Kuznets, Modern Economic Growth (Yale, 1966), 493.
17. P. Deane and W. A Cole, British Economic Growth, 1688-1969 (Cambridge, 1962).
18. Lee, 'Regional Growth', 449.
19. Richardson, 'The Basis', 250; H. W. Richardson and D. H. Aldcroft, Building in the British Economy between the Wars (1968), 85-8 and 112-15.
20. Richardson, 'The Basis', 250; H. W. Richardson and D. H. Aldcroft, Building in the British Economy between the Wars (1968), 85-8 and 112-15.
21. Richardson, 'The Basis', 240.
22. Kelly's Directory of Kilburn, Willesden, etc and Kelly's Directory of Acton, 1920 and 1939 editions; W. Ashworth, The Genesis of Modern British Town Planning (1954), 217.
23. Kelly's Directory of Kilburn, Willesden, etc and Kelly's Directory of Acton, 1920 and 1939 editions; W. Ashworth, The Genesis of Modern British Town Planning (1954), 217.
24. Ad Rein, 16 (1959), 12-15.
25. N. King, English Estates 1936-1986 (1987); H. Loebl, Government Factories and the Origins of British Regional Policy 1934-1948 (1988).
26. N. King, English Estates 1936-1986 (1987); H. Loebl, Government Factories and the Origins of British Regional Policy 1934-1948 (1988).
27. C. W Ratcliffe, Middlesex the Jubilee of the County Council 1889-1939 (1939), 163-5; T. F. T. Baker (ed.) Victoria County History of Middlesex. Vol. VII (1982), 172-3; B. Weinreb and C. Hibberts eds., The London Encyclopaedia (1983), 551 & 942.
28. C. W Ratcliffe, Middlesex the Jubilee of the County Council 1889-1939 (1939), 163-5; T. F. T. Baker (ed.) Victoria County History of Middlesex. Vol. VII (1982), 172-3; B. Weinreb and C. Hibberts eds., The London Encyclopaedia (1983), 551 & 942.
29. C. W Ratcliffe, Middlesex the Jubilee of the County Council 1889-1939 (1939), 163-5; T. F. T. Baker (ed.) Victoria County History of Middlesex. Vol. VII (1982), 172-3; B. Weinreb and C. Hibberts eds., The London Encyclopaedia (1983), 551 & 942.
30. J. E. Martin, Greater London. An Industrial Geography (1966), 32, 155 & 208; D. H. Smith, The Industries of Greater London (1933), 32; G. Weightman and S. Humphries, The Making of Modern London 1914-1939 (1984), 58 & 61.
31. J. E. Martin, Greater London. An Industrial Geography (1966), 32, 155 & 208; D. H. Smith, The Industries of Greater London (1933), 32; G. Weightman and S. Humphries, The Making of Modern London 1914-1939 (1984), 58 & 61.
32. J. E. Martin, Greater London. An Industrial Geography (1966), 32, 155 & 208; D. H. Smith, The Industries of Greater London (1933), 32; G. Weightman and S. Humphries, The Making of Modern London 1914-1939 (1984), 58 & 61.
33. James S. Adam, A Fell Fine Baker. The Story of United Biscuits (1974), 16-17; Red Book of Commerce, (1933) 138; Acton Gazette 8 August 1924.
34. James S. Adam, A Fell Fine Baker. The Story of United Biscuits (1974), 16-17; Red Book of Commerce, (1933) 138; Acton Gazette 8 August 1924.
35. James S. Adam, A Fell Fine Baker. The Story of United Biscuits (1974), 16-17; Red Book of Commerce, (1933) 138; Acton Gazette 8 August 1924.
36. Alfred Plummer, New British Industries in the Twentieth Century. A Survey of Development and Structure (1937), 4 & 10; Richardson, 'The New Industries', 1; Richardson, 'The Basis', 249; Aldcroft, 'Economic Progress', 228; Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth', 47, note 2.
37. Alfred Plummer, New British Industries in the Twentieth Century. A Survey of Development and Structure (1937), 4 & 10; Richardson, 'The New Industries', 1; Richardson, 'The Basis', 249; Aldcroft, 'Economic Progress', 228; Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth', 47, note 2.
38. Alfred Plummer, New British Industries in the Twentieth Century. A Survey of Development and Structure (1937), 4 & 10; Richardson, 'The New Industries', 1; Richardson, 'The Basis', 249; Aldcroft, 'Economic Progress', 228; Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth', 47, note 2.
39. Alfred Plummer, New British Industries in the Twentieth Century. A Survey of Development and Structure (1937), 4 & 10; Richardson, 'The New Industries', 1; Richardson, 'The Basis', 249; Aldcroft, 'Economic Progress', 228; Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth', 47, note 2.
40. Alfred Plummer, New British Industries in the Twentieth Century. A Survey of Development and Structure (1937), 4 & 10; Richardson, 'The New Industries', 1; Richardson, 'The Basis', 249; Aldcroft, 'Economic Progress', 228; Aldcroft, 'Economic Growth', 47, note 2.
41. B. W. E. Alford, Depression and Recovery? British Economic Growth 1918-1939 (1972),
42. Stirling Everard, The History' of the Gas Light and Coke Company, 1812-1949 (1949).
43. J. A. Dowie, 'Growth in the Inter-war Period: Some more Arithmetic', Economic History Review, 2nd ser., XXI (1968), 104.
44. Ibid. 103-4.
45. Lee, 'Regional Growth', 445.
46. Alan Townsin, Park Royal Vehicles Ltd (Glossop, 1979), 5-12.
47. PO London Directory (1917); The Harold Wesley Magazine, I, no. 6 (1938), 202-4.
48. PO London Directory (1917); The Harold Wesley Magazine, I, no. 6 (1938), 202-4.
49. D. J. Jeremy, (ed.), Dictionary of Business Biography Vol. V (1986), 237-8; PO London Directory, 1884-1902; Public Record Office (PRO), BT 31/22216/135281.
50. D. J. Jeremy, (ed.), Dictionary of Business Biography Vol. V (1986), 237-8; PO London Directory, 1884-1902; Public Record Office (PRO), BT 31/22216/135281.
51. Townsin, Park Royal, 7; Acton Gazette, 4 May 1928.
52. Townsin, Park Royal, 7; Acton Gazette, 4 May 1928.
53. David J. Jeremy (ed.), Dictionary of Business Biography, Vol. IV (1985), 986-8; Gordon Russell, Designers' Trade (1968), 153-4; Willesden Chronicle, 2 and 23 August 1935; Acton Gazette, 15 June 1928.
54. David J. Jeremy (ed.), Dictionary of Business Biography, Vol. IV (1985), 986-8; Gordon Russell, Designers' Trade (1968), 153-4; Willesden Chronicle, 2 and 23 August 1935; Acton Gazette, 15 June 1928.
55. David J. Jeremy (ed.), Dictionary of Business Biography, Vol. IV (1985), 986-8; Gordon Russell, Designers' Trade (1968), 153-4; Willesden Chronicle, 2 and 23 August 1935; Acton Gazette, 15 June 1928.
56. David J. Jeremy (ed.), Dictionary of Business Biography, Vol. IV (1985), 986-8; Gordon Russell, Designers' Trade (1968), 153-4; Willesden Chronicle, 2 and 23 August 1935; Acton Gazette, 15 June 1928.
57. Adam, A Fell Fine, 16; Baker, VCH, 29; Acton Gazette, 4 June 1937.
58. Adam, A Fell Fine, 16; Baker, VCH, 29; Acton Gazette, 4 June 1937.
59. Adam, A Fell Fine, 16; Baker, VCH, 29; Acton Gazette, 4 June 1937.
60. Michael Cassell, Long Lease. The Story of Slough Estates 1920-1991 (1991); Sydney Pollard, The Development of the British Economy 1914-1990 (1992), 62; Loebl, Government Factories.
61. Michael Cassell, Long Lease. The Story of Slough Estates 1920-1991 (1991); Sydney Pollard, The Development of the British Economy 1914-1990 (1992), 62; Loebl, Government Factories.
62. Michael Cassell, Long Lease. The Story of Slough Estates 1920-1991 (1991); Sydney Pollard, The Development of the British Economy 1914-1990 (1992), 62; Loebl, Government Factories.
63. This paragraph is based on various editions of Kelly's Directory of Acton and Willesden between 1919 and 1939.
64. Conversation with Mr R. R. Burki, 18 November 1988.
65. PRO, BT34/3759/121358; The Electrician, XCVI, no 2505, 4 June 1926, 585.
66. The Electrician, XCVI, no 2505 (1926), 585; Harold Ford, unpublished typescript company history of Mycalex (1988), 9/3.
67. The Electrician, XCVI, no 2505 (1926), 585; Harold Ford, unpublished typescript company history of Mycalex (1988), 9/3.
68. PRO, BT31/36114/347934; Guinness Archive (GA), PR Development Co., 32.15. and 32.10; No Apology (undated), 3; Red Book of Commerce (1936), 93-4.
69. PRO, BT31/36114/347934; Guinness Archive (GA), PR Development Co., 32.15. and 32.10; No Apology (undated), 3; Red Book of Commerce (1936), 93-4.
70. Red Book of Commerce (1933), 222 and 689; Townsin, Park Royal Vehicles, 18.
71. Red Book of Commerce (1933), 222 and 689; Townsin, Park Royal Vehicles, 18.
72. Alexander Jordan, The Balance of Power (1963), 17; Electrical Times, LXXX (1931), 299.
73. Alexander Jordan, The Balance of Power (1963), 17; Electrical Times, LXXX (1931), 299.
74. Red Book of Commerce (1993), 504; Acton Gazette, 25 February 1927.
75. Red Book of Commerce (1993), 504; Acton Gazette, 25 February 1927.
76. A.E. Creber, 'A History of Colas', extract from Colas house magazine; letter from Mr Prest of 10 August 1989.
77. Fanthorne Ltd, Board Minutes, 28 January and 23 July 1929.
78. Townsin, Park Royal Vehicles, 76-77 and 179.
79. George Philip, The Story of the Last 100 Years: A Geographical Record (1934), 88.
80. On Trafford Park see D. A. Farnie, The Manchester Ship Canal and the Rise of the Port of Manchester (Manchester, 1980), chapter 6; D. J. Jeremy, DBB, Vol.5, 312-22.
81. On Trafford Park see D. A. Farnie, The Manchester Ship Canal and the Rise of the Port of Manchester (Manchester, 1980), chapter 6; D. J. Jeremy, DBB, Vol.5, 312-22.
82. Nicholas Goddard, Harvests of Change. The Royal Agricultural Society of England, 1838-1988 (1988), 139-51.
83. J. Armstrong, 'Road and Rail in the Inter-war Period: The Case of the Park Royal Industrial Estate', Journal of the Railway and Canal Historical Society, XXX (1992), 461.
84. This paragraph is based on Caterer & Hotel Keepers' Gazette, CV, no. 596 (1927), 920; Reading Mercury, 26 November 1927, Reading Standard, 26 November 1927, p. 4; PRO BT31/32353/162000.
85. This paragraph is based on Caterer & Hotel Keepers' Gazette, CV, no. 596 (1927), 920; Reading Mercury, 26 November 1927, Reading Standard, 26 November 1927, p. 4; PRO BT31/32353/162000.
86. This paragraph is based on Caterer & Hotel Keepers' Gazette, CV, no. 596 (1927), 920; Reading Mercury, 26 November 1927, Reading Standard, 26 November 1927, p. 4; PRO BT31/32353/162000.
87. Letter from Mr L. H. Smith, 30 August 1988.
88. PRO, BT32/32353/162000.
89. PRO, BT31/29511/214148 on Connarts.
90. PRO, BT31/32979/232826 on Campro.
91. The next two paragraphs are based on PRO, BT31/32353/162000.
92. This is identical to the interest rate charge by Slough Trading Co. on advances made for building works to leases of part of their site in the early 1920s, see Cassell, Long Lease! 35.
93. Acton Gazette, 6 September 1929.
94. PRO, BT31/33409/273222.
95. PRO, RAIL 253/431, p. 6.
96. Joseph Davies & Grahame Wallis (eds.), The North Country Coal & Shipping Annual 1912 (1912), 1-16.
97. This paragraph is based on PRO, RAIL 253/431-4.
98. B. R. Mitchell & P. Deane, Abstract of British Historical Statistics (Cambridge, 1962), 455.
99. Robert Skidelsky, John Maynard Keynes. The Economist as Saviour 1920-1937 (1992), 9.
100. PRO, RAIL 253/431, p. 6.
101. Cassell, Long Lease, 35.
102. PRO, ZPER 38/26, 11.
103. Cassell, Long Lease, 39.
104. PRO, RAIL 258/432-3.
105. Mitchell & Deane, Abstract, 455.
106. The Harold Wesley Magazine, I, no. 1 (1937), 8-13.
107. Ibid. 9-10.
108. Ibid. I, no. 4 (1937), 135-6.
109. Harold Nockolds, Lucas. The First 100 Years. Vol. I. The King of the Road (Newton Abbot, 1976), 307.
110. H. W. Magazine I, no. 5 (1938), 176-9.
111. Ibid. I, no. 7 (1938), 252-4.
112. P. Lynch and J. Vaizey, Guinness's Brewery in the Irish Economy, 1789-1876 (Cambridge, 1960); Anon, The Park Royal Development Co. Ltd (1959).
113. Anon, All About Guinness (1953), 12.
114. J. F. Brown, Guinness and Hops (1980), 157.
115. C. V. Waine, Steam Coasters and Short Sea Traders (Wolverhampton, 1980), 152.
116. Anon, Park Royal Development, 1; Farnie, The Manchester Ship, 68.
117. Anon, Park Royal Development, 1; Farnie, The Manchester Ship, 68.
118. Ibid. 1; Acton Gazette, 14 April 1933.
119. Ibid. 1; Acton Gazette, 14 April 1933.
120. Stock Exchange Year Book (1938), 699.
121. Anon, All About Guinness, 12; Anon, Park Royal Development, 3.
122. Anon, All About Guinness, 12; Anon, Park Royal Development, 3.
123. Edward Guinness, The Guinness Book of Guinness (Enfield, 1988), 7.
124. Anon, Park Royal Development, 6.
125. Acton Gazette, 22 and 29 March 1935.
126. Stock Exchange Year Book 1938.
127. Guinness Archive, Park Royal (GAPR), Park Royal Development Co (PRD), 32.10.
128. GAPR, PRD, 32.5 and 32.16.
129. Ibid. 32.15.
130. Ibid. 32.6 and 32.18.
131. Ibid 32.14.
132. Ibid 32.15.
133. Ibid 32.16 and 32.3.
134. Ibid. 32.4.
135. Armstrong, 'Road and Rail', 459-68.