Nano-tube-like surface structure in graphite particles and its formation mechanism: A role in anodes of lithium-ion secondary batteries

Journal of Applied Physics

Volumn 88, Issue 11, 2000, Pages 6369-6377

  Moriguchi, K ^a   Munetoh, S ^a   Abe, M ^a   Yonemura, M ^a   Kamei, K ^a   Shintani, A ^a   Maehara, Y ^a   Omaru, A ^b   Nagamine, M ^b  

^a Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd   (Japan)

^b SONY CORPORATION   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001767493     PISSN: 00218979     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.1322596     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. S. C. Levy and B. Scrosati, Lithium Ion Battery Technology (The Electrochem. Soc., New York, 1997), which is the text book of an Electrochemical Society Short Course in Paris.
2. T. Iijima, K. Suzuki, and Y. Matsuda, Synth. Met. 73, 9 (1995).
3. D. B. Fischbach, in Chemistry and Physics of Carbon, edited by P. L. Walker and P. A. Thrower (Dekker, New York, 1971), Vol. 7, p. 1.
4. S. Higuchi, R. Otsuka, and M. Shiraishi, J. Mater. Sci. 19, 270 (1984).
5. R. E. Franklin, Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 209, 196 (1951).
6. G. E. Bacon, Acta Crystallogr. 4, 558 (1951).
7. J. Marie and J. Mering, in Chemistry and Physics of Carbon, edited by P. L. Walker and P. A. Thrower (Dekker, New York, 1971), Vol. 6, p. 125.
8. D. Aurbach and Y. Ein-Eli, J. Electrochem. Soc. 142, 1746 (1995).
9. K. Sato, M. Noguchi, A. Demachi, N. Oki, and M. Endo, Science 264, 556 (1994), and references therein.
10. J. Tersoff, Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 632 (1986).
11. J. Tersoff, Phys. Rev. B 37, 6991 (1988).
12. J. Tersoff, Phys. Rev. B 38, 9902 (1988).
13. J. Tersoff, Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 2879 (1988).
14. J. Tersoff, Phys. Rev. B 39, 5566 (1989).
15. J. Tersoff, Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 1757 (1990).
16. J. Tersoff, Phys. Rev. B 49, 16349 (1994).
17. P. C. Kelires and J. Tersoff, Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 562 (1988).
18. D. Vanderbilt and J. Tersoff, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 511 (1992).
19. J. Tersoff, Phys. Rev. B 44, 12039 (1991).
20. D. B. Boercker, Phys. Rev. B 44, 11592 (1991).
21. M. Ishimaru, K. Yoshida, and T. Motooka, Phys. Rev. B 53, 7176 (1996).
22. M. Ishimaru, K. Yoshida, T. Kumamoto, and T. Motooka, Phys. Rev. B 54, 4638 (1996).
23. M. Ishimaru, S. Munetoh, and T. Motooka, Phys. Rev. B 56, 15133 (1997).
24. M. Ishimaru, S. Munetoh, T. Motooka, K. Moriguchi, and A. Shintani, Phys. Rev. B 58, 12583 (1998).
25. K. Moriguchi and A. Shintani, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 1 37, 414 (1998).
26. D. W. Brenner, Phys. Rev. B 42, 9458 (1990).
27. W. F. van Gunsteren and H. J. C. Berendsen, Mol. Phys. 45, 637 (1982).
28. DMol is available from Molecular Simulations Inc.
29. J. P. Perdew and Y. Wang, Phys. Rev. B 45, 13244 (1992).
30. H. Murayama, Mitsubishi Kasei R&D Review, 6, 10 (1992).
31. A. de Vita, G. Galli, A. Canning, and R. Car. Nature (London) 379, 523 (1996); Appl. Surf. Sci. 104/105, 297 (1996).
32. A. de Vita, G. Galli, A. Canning, and R. Car. Nature (London) 379, 523 (1996); Appl. Surf. Sci. 104/105, 297 (1996).
33. G. Kern and J. Hafner, Phys. Rev. B 58, 13167 (1998).
34. TAPP Ver. 2.2, which is a database software for materials science. TAPP is available from E S Microware, Inc.
35. J. R. Dahn, A. K. Sleigh, H. Shi, J. N. Reimers, Q. Zhong, and B. M. Way, Electrochim. Acta 38, 1179 (1993).
36. E. Kaxiras and K. C. Pandey, Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 2693 (1988).
37. A. Omaru, N. Nakajima, M. Nagamine, M. Abe, H. Kaminaka, and K. Kamei, ITE Battery Letters 1, 145 (1999).