Spider abundance and diversity in apple orchards under three insect pest management programmes in Washington State, U.S.A.

Agricultural and Forest Entomology

Volumn 2, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 203-215

  Miliczky, Eugene R ^a   Calkins, Carrol O ^a   Horton, David R ^a  

^a AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE   (United States)

Author keywords

Apples; Araneae; Mating disruption; Natural enemies; Orchards; Pest management; Spiders

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001759755     PISSN: 14619555     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1461-9563.2000.00067.x     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Agnew, C.W. & Smith, J.W. Jr, (1989) Ecology of spiders (Araneae) in a peanut agroecosystem. Environmental Entomology, 18, 30-42.
2. Angeli, G., Forti, D. & Pesarini, C. (1996) Epigeic spiders (Araneae) in apple and pear orchards in Trentino. Redia, 79, 113-121 (in Italian).
3. Avise, J.C. (1994) Molecular Markers, Natural History and Evolution. Chapman & Hall, Inc, New York.
4. Bishop, L. & Riechert, S.E. (1990) Spider colonization of agroecosystems. Mode and Source Environmental Entomology, 19, 1738-1745.
5. Bostanian, N.J., Dondale, C.D., Binns, M.R. & Pitre, D. (1984) Effects of pesticide use on spiders (Araneae) in Quebec apple orchards. Canadian Entomologist, 116, 662-675.
6. Chant, D.A. (1956) Predacious spiders in orchards in south-eastern England. Journal of Horticultural Science, 31, 35-46.
7. Culin, J.D. & Yeargan, K.V. (1983) The effects of selected insecticides on spiders in alfalfa. Journal of of the Kansas Entomology Society, 56, 151-158.
8. Debach, P. & Rosen, D. (1991) Biological Control by Natural Enemies. 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
9. Dondale, C.D. (1956) Annotated list of spiders (Araneae) from apple trees in Nova Scotia. Canadian Entomologist, 88, 697-700.
10. Dondale, C.D. (1958) Note on population densities of spiders (Araneae) in Nova Scotia apple orchards. Canadian Entomologist, 90, 111-113.
11. Dondale, C.D. (1966) The spider fauna (Araneida) of deciduous orchards in the Australian capital territory. Australian Journal of Zoology, 14, 1157-1192.
12. Dondale, C.D., Parent, B. & Pitre, D. (1979) A 6-year study of spiders (Araneae) in a Quebec apple Orchard. Canadian Entomologist, 111, 377-380.
13. Dondale, C.D. & Redner, J.H. (1990) The Insects and Arachnids of Canada. Part 17. the Wolf Spiders, Nurseryweb Spiders, and Lynx Spiders of Canada and Alaska (Araneae: Lycosidae, Pisauridae, and Oxyopidae). Agriculture Canada Publication 1856. Canadian Government Publishing Centre, Ottawa.
14. Epstein, D.L., Zack, R.S., Brunner, J.F., Gut, L. & Brown, J.J. (2000) Effects of broad-spectrum insecticides on epigeal arthropod biodiversity in Pacific Northwest apple orchards. Environmental Entomology, 29, 340-348.
15. Gertsch, W.J. (1979) American Spiders. 2nd edn. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York.
16. Herne, D.H.C. & Putman, W.L. (1966) Toxicity of some pesticides to predacious arthropods in Ontario peach orchards. Canadian Entomologist, 98, 936-942.
17. Kaston, B.J. (1978) How to Know the Spiders. 3rd edn. Wm. C. Brown Company, Dubuque, Iowa.
18. Legner, E.F. & Oatman, E.R. (1964) Spiders on apple in Wisconsin and their abundance in a natural and two artificial environments. Canadian Entomologist, 96, 1202-1207.
19. Ludwig, J.A. & Reynolds, J.F. (1988) Statistical Ecology. A Primer on Methods and Computing John Wiley & Sons, New York.
20. Madsen, H.F. & Madsen, B.J. (1982) Populations of beneficial and pest arthropods in an organic and a pesticide treated apple orchard in British Columbia. Canadian Entomologist, 114, 1083-1088.
21. Mansour, F. (1987) Effects of pesticides on spiders occurring on apple and citrus in Israel. Phytoparasitica, 15, 43-50.
22. Mansour, F. & Nentwig, W. (1988) Effects of agrochemical residues on four spider taxa: laboratory methods for pesticide tests with web-building spiders. Phytoparasitica, 16, 317-326.
23. Mansour, F., Rosen, D. & Shulov, A. (1980) A survey of spider populations (Araneae) in sprayed and unsprayed apple orchards in Israel and their ability to feed on larvae of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). Acta Oecologica/Oecologia Applicata, 1, 189-197.
24. Marc, P. & Canard, A. (1997) Maintaining spider biodiversity in agroecosystems as a tool in pest control. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 62, 229-235.
25. McCaffrey, J.P. & Horsburgh, R.L. (1980) The spider fauna of apple trees in central Virginia. Environmental Entomology, 9, 247-252.
26. McCaffrey, J.P., Parrella, M.P. & Horsburgh, R.L. (1984) Evaluation of the limb-beating sampling method for estimating spider (Araneae) populations on apple trees. Journal of Arachnology, 11, 363-368.
27. Nyffeler, M., Sterling, W.L. & Dean, D.A. (1994) How spiders make a living. Environmental Entomology, 23, 1357-1367.
28. Pickett, A.D., Patterson, N.A., Stultz, H.T. & Lord, F.T. (1946) The influence of spray programs on the fauna of apple orchards in Nova Scotia: I. An appraisal of the problem and a method of approach. Scientific Agriculture, 26, 590-600.
29. Putman, W.L. (1967) Prevalence of spiders and their importance as predators in Ontario peach orchards. Canadian Entomologist, 99, 160-170.
30. Reichert, S.E. & Lockley, T. (1984) Spiders as biological control agents. Annual Review of Entomology, 29, 299-320.
31. Roth, V.D. (1993) Spider Genera of North America with Keys to Families and Genera and a Guide to the Literature. 3rd edn. Distributed by American Arachnological Society, University of Florida, Gainesville.
32. Samu, F., Matthews, G.A., Lake, D. & Vollrath, F. (1992) Spider webs are efficient collectors of agrochemical spray. Pesticide Science, 36, 47-51.
33. Specht, H.B. & Dondale, C.D. (1960) Spider populations in New Jersey apple orchards. Journal of Economic Entomology, 53, 810-814.
34. Turnbull, A.L. (1973) Ecology of the true spiders (Araneomorphae). Annual Review of Entomology, 18, 305-348.
35. Winer, B.J. (1971) Statistical Principles in Experimental Design. 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York.
36. Wisniewska, J. & Prokopy, R.J. (1997) Pesticide effect on faunal composition, abundance, and body length of spiders (Araneae) in apple orchards. Environmental Entomology, 26, 763-776.