Organic two-layer light-emitting diodes based on high-Tg hole-transporting polymers with different redox potentials

Chemistry of Materials

Volumn 11, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 399-407

  Bellmann, Erika ^a   Shaheen, Sean E ^b   Grubbs, Robert H ^a   Marder, Seth R ^c   Kippelen, Bernard ^b   Peyghambarian, Nasser ^b  

^a California Institute of Technology   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA   (United States)

^c University of Arizona   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001696129     PISSN: 08974756     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/cm980614r     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Bä ssler, H. Phys. Status Solidi (b) 1993, 175, 15 and references therein.
2. Van der Auweraer, M.; De Schryver, F. C.; Borsenberger, P. M.; Fitzgerald, J. J. J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 8808.
3. Borsenberger, P. M.; Pautmeier, L.; Richert, R.; Bä ssler, H. J. Chem. Phys. 1991, 94, 8276.
4. Gruenbaum, W. T.; Sorriero, L. J.; Borsenberger, P. M.; Zumbulyadis, N. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1996, 35, 2714.
5. Heun, S.; Borsenberger, P. M. Physica B 1995, 216, 43.
6. Bellmann, E.; Shaheen, S. E.; Thayumanavan, S.; Barlow, S.; Grubbs, R. H.; Marder, S. R.; Kippelen, B.; Peyghambarian, N. Chem. Mater. 1998, 10, 1668.
7. Tsutsui, T. MRS Bull. 1997, June, 39 and references therein.
8. Adachi, C.; Nagai, K.; Tamoto, M. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1995, 66, 2679.
9. Anderson, J. D.; McDonald, E. M.; Lee, P. A.; Anderson, M. L.; Ritchie, E. L.; Hall, H. K.; Hopkins, T.; Padias, A.; Thayumanavan, S.; Barlow, S.; Marder, S. R.; Jabbour, G. E.; Shaheen, S. E.; Kippelen, B.; Peyghambarian, N.; Wightman, R. M.; Armstrong, N. R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 9646.
10. (a) Tanaka, H.; Tokito, S.; Taga, Y.; Okada, A. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1996, 2175.
11. (b) Thelakkat, M.; Schmidt, H.-W. Adv. Mater. 1998, 10, 219.
12. (c) Katsuma, K.; Shirota, Y. Adv. Mater. 1998, 10, 223.
13. Pangborn, A. B.; Giardello, M. A.; Grubbs, R. H.; Rosen, R. K.; Timmers, F. J. Organometallics 1996, 15, 1518.
14. Wolfe, J. P.; Rennels, R. A.; Buchwald, S. L. Tetrahedron 1996, 52, 7525.
15. Wolfe, J. P.; Wagaw, S.; Buchwald, S. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 7215.
16. Driver, M. S.; Hartwig, J. F. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 7217.
17. Thayumanavan, S.; Barlow, S.; Marder, S. R. Chem. Mater. 1997, 9, 3231.
18. McKean, D. R.; Parrinello, G.; Renaldo, A. F.; Stille, J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 422.
19. Hatanaka, Y.; Hiyama, T. J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 268.
20. Tamao, K.; Sumitani, K.; Kumada, M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 4374.
21. Nugent, W. A.; McKinney, R. J. J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 5370.
22. Pine, S. H. Org. React. 1993, 43, 1.
23. Yano, M.; Furuichi, M.; Sato, K.; Shiomi, D.; Ichimura, A.; Abe, K.; Takui, T.; Itoh, K. Synth. Met. 1997, 85, 1665.
24. Tang, C. W.; VanSlyke, S. A. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1987, 51, 913.
25. Estimates of solid-state LUMO levels for different TPD derivatives have been presented at the 214th ACS meeting: Thayumanavan, S.; Barlow, S.; Marder, S. R.; Lee, P.; Anderson, J. D.; Armstrong, N. R.; Jabbour, G. E.: Kawabe, Y.; Morrell, M. M.; Shaheen, S. E.; Kippelen, B.; Peyghambarian, N. ACS Meeting Abstr.1997, 214.
26. Okutsu, S.; Onikubo, T.; Tamano, M.; Enokida, T. IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 1997, 44, 1302.