Multivariate optimization of supercritical fluid derivatization and extraction of phenol in soil samples

Journal of Chromatographic Science

Volumn 34, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 43-51

  Llompart, M P ^a   Lorenzo, R A ^a   Cela, R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001687974     PISSN: 00219665     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/34.1.43     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. S.B. Hawthorne. Analytical-scale supercritical fluid extraction. Anal. Chem. 62: 633A-42A (1990).
2. S.B. Hawthorne and D.J. Miller. Extraction and recovery of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental solids using supercritical fluids. Anal. Chem. 59: 1705-1708 (1987).
3. M. Richards and R.M. Campbell. Comparison of supercritical fluid extraction, Soxhlet, and sonication methods for the determination of priority pollutants in soil. LC-GC Int. 9: 358-64 (1991).
4. J.L. Snyder, R. Grob, M.E. McNally, and T.S. Oostdyk. Comparison of supercritical fluid extraction with classical sonication and soxhlet extractions for selected pesticides. Anal. Chem. 64: 1940-46 (1992).
5. V. López-Avila, J. Benedicto, N.S. Dpdhiwala, R. Young, and W.F. Beckert. Development of an off-line SFE-IR method for petroleum hydrocarbons in soils. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 30: 335-43 (1992).
6. F.I. Onuska, K.A. Terry, and R.J. Wilkinson. The analysis of chlorinated dibenzofurans in municipal fly ash: supercritical fluid extraction vs soxhlet. J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. 16: 407-12 (1993).
7. T.M. Fahmy, M.E. Paulaitis, D.M. Johnson, and M.E.P. McNally Modifier effects in the supercritical fluid extraction of solutes from clay, soil, and plant materials. Anal. Chem. 65: 1462-69 (1993).
8. J.M. Levy, L. Dolata, R.M. Ravey, E. Storozynsky, and K.A. Holowozak. Use of modifiers in on-line and off-line supercritical fluid extraction. J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. 16: 368-71 (1993).
9. 2-supercritical extraction of PAHs in soil. Chromatographia 38: 431-35 (1994).
10. J.W. Hills, H.H. Hill, Jr., and T. Maeda. Simultaneous supercritical fluid derivatization and extraction. Anal. Chem. 63: 2152-55 (1991).
11. Y. Cai, R. Alzaga, and J.M. Bayona In situ derivatization and supercritical fluid extraction for the simultaneous determination of butyltin and phenyltin compounds in sediment. Anal. Chem. 66: 1161-67 (1994).
12. S.B. Hawthorne, D.J. Miller, D.E. Nivens, and D.C. White. Supercritical fluid extraction of polar analytes using in situ chemical derivatization. Anal. Chem. 64: 405-12 (1992).
13. H. Lee, I.E. Peart, and R.L. Hong-You. Determination of phenolics from sediments of pulp mill origin by in situ supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and derivatization. J. Chromatogr. 636: 262-70 (1993).
14. R. Hillmann and K. Bachmann. On-line supercritical fluid derivatization and extraction-capillary gas chromatography of polar compounds. J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. 17: 350-52 (1994).
15. H. Lee, I.E. Peart, and R.L. Hong-You. In situ extraction and derivatization of pentachlorophenol and related compounds from soils using a supercritical fluid extraction system. J. Chromatogr. 605: 109-13 (1992).
16. S. Reindl and F. Höfler. Optimization of the parameters in supercritical fluid extraction of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons from soil samples. Anal. Chem. 66: 1808-16 (1994).
17. J.S. Ho and P.M. Tang Optimization of supercritical fluid extraction of environmental pollutants from a liquid-solid extraction cartridge. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 30: 344-50 (1992).
18. Y. Liu, V. López-Avila, M. Alcaráz, and W.F. Beckert. Determination of organotin compounds in environmental samples by supercritical fluid extraction and gas chromatography with atomic emission detection. J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. 16: 106-12 (1993).
19. M.K.L. Bicking, T.G. Hayes, J.C. Kiley, and S.N. Deming. An experimental design approach to the optimization of supercritical fluid extraction for the determination of oil and grease in soil. I. Chromatogr. Sci. 31: 170-76 (1993).
20. M.K.L. Bicking. A simplified experimental design approach to optimization of SFE conditions for extraction of an amino hydrochloride. J Chromatogr. Sci. 30: 358-60 (1992)
21. K. Li, C.P. Ong, and S.F.Y. Li. Systematic multivariate optimization of supercritical fluid extraction. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 32: 52-56 (1994).
22. M. Kane, J.R. Dean, S.M. Hitchen, C.J. Dowle, and R.L. Tranter. Experimental design approach for supercritical fluid extraction. Anal. Chim. Acta 271: 83-90 (1993).
23. J.L. Snyder, R.L. Grob, M.E. McNally, and T.S. Oostydk. The effect of instrumental parameters and soil matrix on the recovery of organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides from soils using supercritical fluid extraction. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 31: 183-91 (1993).
24. E.G. van der Velde, W. Haan, and A.K.D. Liem. Supercritical fluid extraction of polychlorinated biphenyls and pesticides from soil. Comparison with other extraction methods. J. Chromatogr. 632: 135-43 (1992).
25. E.G. van der Velde, M. Dietvorst, C.P. Swart, M.R. Ramlal, and P.R. Kootstra. Optimization of supercritical fluid extraction of organochlorine pesticides from real soil samples. J. Chromatogr. 683: 167-74 (1994).
26. S.N. Deming and S.L. Morgan. Experimental Design: A Chemometric Approach, 2nd ed. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1993, chapter 14.