Comparisons of laser-saturated, laser-induced, and planar laser-induced fluorescence measurements of nitric oxide in a lean direct-injection spray flame

Applied Optics

Volumn 37, Issue 21, 1998, Pages 4823-4833

  Cooper, Clayton S ^a   Ravikrishna, Rayavarapu V ^a   Laurendeau, Normand M ^a  

^a PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001654341     PISSN: 1559128X     EISSN: 21553165     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/AO.37.004823     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. M. G. Allen and R. K. Hanson, “Planar laser-induced-fluorescence monitoring of OH in a spray flame, ” Opt. Eng. 25, 1309-1311 (1986).
2. M. G. Allen and R. K. Hanson, “Digital imaging of species concentration fields in spray flames, ” in Twenty-First Symposium (International) on Combustion (The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, Pa., 1986), pp. 1775-1762.
3. P. Andresen, G. Meijer, H. Schluter, H. Voges, A. Koch, W. Hentschel, W. Oppermann, and E. Rothe, “Fluorescence imaging inside an internal combustion engine using tunable exci-mer lasers, ” Appl. Opt. 29, 2392-2404 (1990).
4. A. Koch, A. Chryssostomou, P. Andresen, and W. Bornsheuer, “Multi-species detection in spray flames with tunable excimer lasers, ” J. Appl. Phys. B 56, 165-176 (1993).
5. M. G. Allen, K. R. McManus, and D. M. Sonnenfroh, “PLIF imaging measurements in high-pressure spray flame combustion, ” AIAA paper 94-2913, presented at the 30th Joint Propulsion Conference, June 1994 (American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, New York, 1994).
6. M. G. Allen, K. R. McManus, D. M. Sonnenfroh, and P. H. Paul, “Planar laser-induced-fluorescence imaging measurements of OH and hydrocarbon fuel fragments in high-pressure sprayflame combustion, ” Appl. Opt. 34, 6287-6300 (1995).
7. B. S. Haynes, “Soot and hydrocarbons in combustion, ” in Fossil Fuel Combustion, W. Bartok and A. Sarofim, eds. (Wiley, New York, 1991), pp. 289-326.
8. F. W. Lam, J. P. Longwell, and J. B. Howard, “The effect of ethylene and benzene addition on the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and soot in a jet-stirred/plug-flow combustor, ” in Twenty-Third Symposium (International) on Combustion (The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, Pa., 1990), pp. 1477-1484.
9. J. G. Calvert and J. N. Pitts, Jr., Photochemistry (Wiley, New York, 1966).
10. F. Beretta, V. Cincotti, A. D’Alessio, and P. Menna, “Ultraviolet and visible fluorescence in the fuel pyrolysis regions of gaseous diffusion flames, ” Combust. Flame 61, 211-218 (1985).
11. 2 in a spray flame combustor at elevated pressures, ” in Twenty-Fourth Symposium (International) on Combustion (The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, Pa., 1996), pp. 2779-2786.
12. R. J. Locke, Y. R. Hicks, R. C. Anderson, K. A. Ockunzzi, and G. L. North, “Two-dimensional imaging of OH in a lean burning high pressure combustor, ” AIAA paper 95-0173, presented at the 33rd Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit, January 1995 (American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, New York, 1995).
13. A. Cessou and D. Stepowski, “Planar laser induced fluorescence measurements of [OH] in the stabilization stage of a spray jet flame, ” Combust. Sci. Technol. 118, 361-381 (1996).
14. D. Stepowski and A. Garo, “Local absolute OH concentration measurement in a diffusion flame by laser induced fluorescence, ” Appl. Opt. 24, 2478-2480 (1985).
15. W. P. Partridge, “Experimental assessment and enhancement of planar laser-induced fluorescence measurements of nitric oxide in an inverse diffusion flame, ” Ph.D. dissertation (Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind., 1996).
16. C. S. Cooper and N. M. Laurendeau, “Quantitative laser-saturated fluorescence measurements of nitric oxide in a heptane spray flame, ” Combust. Sci. Technol. 127, 363-382 (1997).
17. 2 flames at atmospheric pressure, ” Combust. Sci. Technol. 91, 271-295 (1993).
18. W. P. Partridge, Jr., N. M. Laurendeau, C. C. Johnson, and R. N. Steppel, “Performance of Pyrromethene 580 and 597 in a commercial Nd:YAG-pumped dye-laser system, ” Opt. Lett. 19, 1630-1632 (1994).
19. C. S. Cooper and N. M. Laurendeau, “Effect of pulsed dye-laser wavelength stabilization on spectral overlap in atmospheric NO fluorescence studies, ” Appl. Opt. 36, 5262-5265 (1997).
20. 2/N2 flames, ” Appl. Opt. 31, 1511-1522 (1992).
21. 2 interferences on laser-induced fluorescence measurements of NO in high-pressure, lean premixed flames by use of narrow-band and broadband detection, ” Appl. Opt. 35, 4890-4904 (1996).
22. K. Lee and B. Chehroudi, “Structure of a swirl-stabilized spray flame relevant to gas turbines and furnaces, ” J. Propul. Power 11, 1110-1117 (1995).
23. C. S. Cooper, “Quantitative laser-induced fluorescence measurements of NO concentration in a lean direct-injection spray flame at atmospheric pressure, ” M.S. thesis (Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind., 1997).
24. R. P. Lucht, D. W. Sweeney, and N. M. Laurendeau, “Balanced cross-rate model for saturated molecular fluorescence in flames using a nanosecond pulse length laser, ” Appl. Opt. 19, 3295-3300 (1980).
25. W. G. Mallard, J. H. Miller, and K. C. Smyth, “Resonantly enhanced two-photon photoionization of NO in an atmospheric flame, ” J. Chem. Phys. 76, 3483-3492 (1982).
26. 2n system, ” J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 47, 43-54 (1992).
27. D. D. Thomsen, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind. 47907-1288 (personal communication, 1997).
28. C. D. Carter and N. M. Laurendeau, “Wide- and narrow-band saturated fluorescence measurements of hydroxyl concentration in premixed flames from 1 bat to 10 bar, ” Appl. Phys. B 58, 519-528 (1994).
29. +, ” AIAA J. 32, 1670-1675 (1994).
30. D. D. Thomsen, F. F. Kuligowski, and N. M. Laurendeau, “Background corrections for laser-induced-fluorescence measurements of nitric oxide in lean, high-pressure, premixed methane flames, ” Appl. Opt. 36, 3244-3252 (1997).