Geotechnical problems involved in foundations of structures in the North Sea

Geotechnique

Volumn 23, Issue 3, 1973, Pages 319-358

  Bjerrum, L ^a  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001643047     PISSN: 00168505     EISSN: 17517656     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1680/geot.1973.23.3.319     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Allcock, L. (1973). Steel v. concrete; both will win. New Civil Engineer, No. 23, 24-25.
2. Ambraseys, N. & Sarma, S. (1969). Liquefaction of soils induced by earthquakes. Seismological Society of America Bulletin 59, No. 2, 650-664.
3. Andersen, K. H. (1972). Bearing capacity of shallow foundations on cohesionless soils. Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, Internal report 51404-1.
4. Andersen, K. H. & Moussa, A. A. (1973). Cyclic loading simple shear tests on sand. Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, Internal report 51505-1.
5. Anderson, C. C. (1971). Offshore tanker loading in the North Sea. Proc. Int. Conf. Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions I. Trondheim 2, 1037-53.
6. Andresen, A. (1972). Grunnundersokelser på kontinentalsokkelen. Foredrag til ‘Oljekonferanse ’, Bergen.
7. Barkan, D. D. (1962). Dynamics of bases and foundations. New York: McGraw-Hill.
8. Beer, E. E. de (1967): Bearing capacity and settlement of shallow foundations on sand. Proc. Symp. bearing capacity and settlement of foundations. Duke University, Durham, N.C. Ed. A. d. Vésic, 15-33.
9. Best, A. de, Bijker, E. W. & Withers, J. E. W. (1971). Scouring of a sand bed in front of a vertical breakwater. Proc. Int. Conf. on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions I. Trondheim 2, 1077-1086.
10. Boutwell, G. P., Jr. (1968). On the yield behavior of cohesionless materials. Thesis, Duke University, Durham, N.C.
11. Casagrande, A. (1971). On liquefaction phenomena: report of lecture. Géotechnique 21, No. 3, 197-202.
12. Castro, G. (1969). Liquefaction of sands. Thesis. Cambridge, Massachusetts. Harvard soil mechanics series, 81.
13. Drnevich, V. P. & Richart, F. E., Jr. (1970). Dynamic prestraining of dry sand. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 96, SM2, 453-469.
14. Duncan, J. M. (1972). Foundation study for North Sea oil tank. Norwegian Geotechnical Institute. Publication 92, 13-18.
15. Finn, W. D. L., Bransby, P. L. & Pickering, D. J. (1970). Effect of strain history on the liquefaction of sand. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 96, SM6, 1917-1934.
16. Finn, W. D. L., Pickering, D. J. & Bransby, P. L. (1971). Sand liquefaction in triaxial and simple shear tests. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 97, SM4, 639-659.
17. Fox, D. A. (1971). Offshore site investigations; marine drilling and boring techniques. Proc. Soc. Underwater Technology 1, No. 2, 78-90.
18. Graham, J. & Pollock, D. J. (1972). Scale-dependent plasticity analysis for sand. Civil Engineering and Public Works Review 67, No. 788, 245-249.
19. Hansen, J. B. (1970). A revised and extended formula for bearing capacity. Geotekniske institut København Bulletin, 28, 5-11.
20. Healy, K. A. (1963). Preliminary investigations into the liquifaction of sand. Cambridge, Massachusetts. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering, Research report, 63-29. 15 p.
21. Henkel, D. J. (1970). The role of waves in causing submarine landslides. Géotechnique 20, No. 1, 75-80.
22. Houmb, O. G. (1971). On the duration of storms in the North Sea. Proc. Int. Conf. on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions, I. Trondheim 1, 423-439.
23. Kim, Y. C. (1970). Response of ocean based structure to water-shock waves. Proc. Conf. Civil Engineering in the Oceans, Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 2. Miami Beach 1969, 93-103.
24. Kurzeme, M. (1971). Liquefaction of saturated granular soils. Proc. Australia—New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, I. Melbourne 1, 45-53.
25. Larew, H. G. & Leonards, G. A. (1962). A strength criterion for repeated loads. 24 pp.
26. Lee, K. L. & Seed, H. B. (1967a). Drained strength characteristics of sands. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 93, SM6, 117-141.
27. Lee, K. L. & Seed, H. B. (1967). Dynamic strength of anisotropically consolidated sand. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 93, SM5, 169-190.
28. Lee, K. L. & Fitton, J. A. (1969). Factors affecting the cyclic loading strength of soil. American Society for Testing and Materials. Vibration effects of earthquakes on soils and foundations; a symposium. San Francisco ASTM Special technical publication, 450, 71-95.
29. McClelland, B. (1952). Foundation investigations for offshore drilling structures in the Gulf of Mexico. New Orleans Convention. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs.
30. McClelland, B., Focht, J. A., Jr. & Emrich, W. J. (1969). Designing and constructing heavily loaded pipe piles. Ocean Industry I and II 4, No. 1, 56-61; No. 4, 55-59.
31. McClelland, B. (1972). Design and performance of deep foundations. Specialty Conference on Performance of Earth and Earth-Supported Structures. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 2, 111-114.
32. McFeeters, J. N. (1973). Fundamental considerations regarding bottom supported and pile supported drilling and production platforms in the North Sea. Unpublished work.
33. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering (1967). Repeated load and vibration tests upon sand. Research report R 67-29 and Soils publication 203.
34. New Civil Engineer (1972). Kier and Arup make concrete bid for North Sea platform share. No. 14, 10-11.
35. New Ciuil Engineer (1972). Design details for a 0.5 m barrel tank. No. 19, 29-30.
36. Noorany, I. (1971). Underwater soil sampling and testing; a state-of-the-art review. San Diego State College, Department of Civil Engineering. Soil Mechanics Paper. Am. Soc. Testing and Materials. Special technical publication 501, 3-41.
37. Nunnally, S. W. (1966). Development of a liquefaction index for cohesionless soils. PhD thesis. Evanston, Illinois.
38. Ocean Industry (1972). 7, No. 7, 33-35. Phillips Ekofisk million barrel oil storage tank nears completion. Oil and Gas Journal (1972). Drilled-in piles necessary for North Sea structures. 20, No. 2, 82-85.
39. Peacock, W. H. & Seed, H. B. (1968). Sand liquefaction under cyclic loading simple shear conditions. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 94, SM3, 689-708.
40. Pedersen, B. (1971). Predictions of long-term wave conditions with special emphasis on the North Sea. Proc. Int. Conf Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions I. Trondheim 1971. 2, 979-992.
41. Pedersen, B. (1971). Hvordan kan bølger beskrives; data for Nordsjøen. Norske ingeniørforening. Off-shore oljeleting, produksjon, transport. Konferanse. Stavanger.
42. Quinn, A. DeF. (1961). Design and construction of ports and marine structures. New York: McGraw-Hill.
43. Rowe, R. E. (1972). Why concrete should excel at sea. New Civil Engineer, No. 19, 28-29.
44. Sangrey, D. A. (1968). The behavior of soils subjected to repeated loading. Thesis, Ithaca, N.Y.
45. Sangrey, D. A., Henkel, D. J. & Esrig, M. I. (1969). The effective stress response of a saturated clay soil to repeated loading. Can. Geotech. Jnl 6, No. 3, 241-252.
46. Schroeder, W. L. & Schuster, R. L. (1969). Laboratory simulation of seismic activity in saturated sands. American Society for Testing and Materials. Vibration effects of earthquakes on soils and foundations; a symposium. San Franscisco. ASTM Special technical publication 450, 57-70.
47. Seed, H. B. & Chan, C. K. (1961). Effect of duration of stress application on soil deformation under repeated loading. Proc. Int. Conf: Soil Mech. Fdn Engng 5, Paris 1, 341-345.
48. Seed, H. B. & Lee, K. L. (1966). Liquefaction of saturated sands during cyclic loading. Proc. Soc. Civ. Engrs 92, SM6, 105-134.
49. Seed, H. B. & Idriss, I. M. (1967). Analysis of soil liquefaction; Niigata earthquake. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 93, SM3, 83-108.
50. Seed, H. B. (1968). Landslides during earthquakes due to soil liquefaction. Fourth Terzaghi Lecture. Proc. Am.Soc. Civ. Engrs 94, SM5, 1053-1122.
51. Seed. H. B. & Idriss. I. M. (1971). Simplified procedure for evaluating soil liquefaction potential. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 97, SM9, 1249-1273.
52. Seed, H. B. & Peacock, W. H. (1971). Test procedures for measuring soil liquefaction characteristics. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 97, SM8, 1099-1119.
53. Seed, H. B. & Silver, M. L. (1972). Settlement of dry sands during earthquakes. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 98, SM4, 381-397.
54. Selna, L. & Cho, D. (1970). Design of offshore structures against resonant response. Proc. Conf. Civil Engineering in the oceans 2, 79-92. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs.
55. Shannon & Wilson. Inc. (1971-1972). Soil behavior under earthquake loading conditions. Interim report l—3. Sea & le/Los‘Angeles.
56. Silver, M. L. & Seed, H. B. (1971a). Volume changes in sand during cyclic loading. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 97, SM9, 1171-1182.
57. Silver, M. L. & Seed, H. B. (1971b). Deformation characteristics of sands under cyclic loading. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 97, SM8, 1081-1098.
58. Stagg, R. P. (1971). Fixed offshore platforms in the Arctic Ocean. Proc. Int. Conf. on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions, I. Trondheim 2, 1054-1062.
59. Taylor, P. W. & Bacchus, D. R. (1969). Dynamic cyclic strain tests on a clay. Proc. 7th Conf. Soil Mech. Fdn Engng, Mexico 1, 401-409.
60. Thiers, G. R. & Seed, H. B. (1969). Strength and stress-strain characteristics of clays subjected to seismic loading conditions. American Society for Testing and Materials. Vibration effects of earthquakes on soils and foundations; a symposium. San Francisco. ASTM Special technical publication 450, 3-56.
61. Timmerman, D. H. & Wu, T. H. (1969). Behavior of dry sands under cyclic loading. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 95, SM4, 1097-1111.
62. Veenstra, H. J. (1970). Quarternary North Sea coasts. Quarternaria 12, 169-184.
63. Veenstra, H. J. (1970). Sediments of the southern North Sea. The Geology of the East Atlantic Continenental Margin. Pt. 3. Europe. ICSU/SCOR Working Party 31 Symposium, Cambridge 1970. Institute of Geological Sciences, London. Report 70/15, 13-25.
64. Whitman, R. V. (1971). Resistance of soil to liquefaction and settlement. Soils and Foundations 11, No. 4, 59-68.
65. Youd, T. L. (1970). Densification and shear of sand during vibration. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 96, SM3, 863-880.
66. Youd, T. L. (1971). Maximum density of sand by repeated straining in simple shear. Highway Research Record, No. 374, l-6.
67. Youd, T. L. (1972). Compaction of sands by repeated shear straining. Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrs 98, SM7, 709-725.