Birefringence and second-order nonlinear optics as probes of polymer cooperative segmental mobility: Demonstration of Debye-type relaxation

Journal of Chemical Physics

Volumn 111, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 2779-2788

  Hooker, Jacob C ^a,b   Burghardt, Wesley R ^a   Torkelson, John M ^a  

^a Northwestern University   (United States)

^b TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK   (Denmark)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001630314     PISSN: 00219606     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.479555     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. A. Dhinojwala, G. K. Wong, and J. M. Torkelson, J. Chem. Phys. 100, 6046 (1994).
2. A. Dhinojwala, G. K. Wong, and J. M. Torkelson, Macromolecules 25, 7395 (1992).
3. A. Dhinojwala, G. K. Wong, and J. M. Torkelson, Macromolecules 26, 5943 (1993).
4. A. Dhinojwala, J. C. Hooker, and J. M. Torkelson, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 172-174, 286 (1994).
5. A. Dhinojwala, Ph.D. thesis, Northwestern University, 1994.
6. K. E. Hamilton, Ph.D. thesis, Northwestern University, 1996.
7. J. C. Hooker, Ph.D. thesis, Northwestern University, 1996.
8. D. B. Hall, J. C. Hooker, and J. M. Torkelson, Macromolecules 30, 667 (1997).
9. U. Pschorn, E. Rossler, H. Sillescu, S. Kaufmann, D. Schaefer, and H. W. Spiess, Macromolecules 24, 398 (1991).
10. L. Monnerie, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 131-133, 755 (1991).
11. C. L. Menestrel, A. M. Kenwright, P. Sergot, F. Laupêtre, and L. Monnerie, Macromolecules 25, 3020 (1992).
12. K. J. McGrath, K. L. Ngai, and C. M. Roland, Macromolecules 28, 2825 (1995).
13. K. L. Ngai, S. Mashimo, and G. Fytas, Macromolecules 21, 3030 (1988).
14. G. Floudas, P. Placke, P. Stepanek, W. Brown, G. Fytas, and K. L. Ngai, Macromolecules 28, 6799 (1995).
15. M. Fofona, V. Veissier, J. L. Viovy, and L. Monnerie, Polymer 30, 51 (1989).
16. M. S. Beevers, J. Crossley, D. C. Garringon, and G. Williams, Faraday Symp. Chem. Soc. 11, 38 (1976).
17. M. S. Beevers, J. Crossley, D. C. Garrington, and G. Williams, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 2 72, 1482 (1976).
18. G. Williams, J. Chem. Soc. 40, 89 (1978).
19. M. D. Ediger, in Annual Review Physics Chemistry, edited by H. L. Strauss, G. T. Babcock, and S. R. Leone (Annual Reviews Inc., Palo Alto, CA, 1991), Vol. 42, pp. 225-250.
20. J. W. Wu, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 8, 142 (1991).
21. M. S. Beevers, J. Crossley, D. C. Garrington, and G. Williams, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 2 73, 458 (1977).
22. J. Crossley, D. A. Elliot, and G. Williams, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 275, 88 (1979).
23. I. Teraoka, D. Jungbauer, B. Reck, D. Y. Yoon, R. Twieg, and C. G. Wilson, J. Appl. Phys. 69, 2568 (1991).
24. D. Jungbauer, I. Teraoka, D. Y. Yoon, B. Reck, J. D. Swalen, and R. Twieg, J. Appl. Phys. 69, 8011 (1991).
25. P. Debye, Polar Molecules (The Chemical Catalog Company, Inc., New York, 1929).
26. H. Wang, R. C. Jarnagin, and E. T. Samulski, Macromolecules 27, 4705 (1994).
27. M. A. Firestone, M. A. Ratner, and T. J. Marks, Macromolecules 28, 6296 (1995).
28. P. Pretre, U. Meeier, U. Stalder, C. Bosshard, P. Gunter, P. Kaatz, C. Weder, P. Neuenschwander, and U. W. Suter, Macromolecules 31, 1947 (1998).
29. H. Benoit, Ann. Phys. (Paris) 6, 561 (1951).
30. C. T. O'Konski, K. Yoshioka, and W. H. Orttung, J. Phys. Chem. 63, 1558 (1959).
31. M. Matsumoto, H. Watanabe, and K. Yoshioka, J. Phys. Chem. 74, 2182 (1970).
32. R. Ullman, J. Chem. Phys. 56, 1869 (1972).
33. C. C. Wang and R. Pecora, J. Chem. Phys. 72, 5333 (1980).
34. Y. Shuto and M. Amano, J. Appl. Phys. 79, 4358 (1996).
35. S. H. Glarum, J. Chem. Phys. 33, 639 (1960).
36. L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Statistical Physics, 3 ed. (Pergamon, Oxford, 1978).
37. J. E. Anderson and R. Ullman, J. Chem. Phys. 47, 2178 (1967).
38. G. Williams, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 131-133, 1 (1991).
39. G. B. McKenna, in Polymer Properties, edited by C. Booth and C. Price (Pergamon, Oxford, 1989), Vol. 2, pp. 311-362.
40. E. Fredericq and C. Houssier, Electric Dichroism and Birefringence (Clarendon, Oxford, 1973).
41. H. Benoit, J. Chem. Phys. 47, 719 (1950).
42. R. Kohlrausch, Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 72, 353 (1847).
43. G. Williams and D. C. Watts, Trans. Faraday Soc. 66, 80 (1970).
44. A. Dhinojwala, J. C. Hooker, and J. M. Torkelson, in Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Polymers, edited by K. D. Singer and G. A. Lindsay (ACS, Washington, D.C., 1995), Vol. 601, pp. 318-332.
45. G. G. Fuller, Optical Rheometry of Complex Fluids: Theory and Practice of Optical Rheometry (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1995).
46. G. K. Dhinojwala, G. K. Wong, and J. M. Torkelson, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 11, 1549 (1994).
47. G. T. Boyd, C. V. Francis, J. E. Trend, and D. A. Ender, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 8, 887 (1991).
48. F. R. Blackburn, M. T. Cicerone, and M. D. Ediger, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed. 32, 2595 (1994).
49. G. D. Patterson, P. K. Jue, D. J. Ramsay, and J. R. Stevens, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed. 32, 1137 (1994).
50. D. J. Plazek, I-C. Chay, K. L. Ngai, and C. M. Roland, Macromolecules 28, 6432 (1995).
51. C. A. Angell, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 131-133, 13 (1991).
52. K. D. Singer, J. E. Sohn, L. A. King, H. M. Gordon, H. E. Katz, and C. W. Dirk, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 6, 1339 (1989).
53. C. L. Hoffman, H.-T. Man, and G. G. Fuller, Acta Polym. 44, 39 (1993).
54. E. Riande and E. Saiz, Dipole Moments and Birefringence of Polymers (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1992).
55. M. T. Cicerone and M. D. Ediger, J. Phys. Chem. 97, 10489 (1993).