Gas-to-particle conversion of tropospheric sulfur as estimated from observations in the western North Pacific during PEM-West B

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 102, Issue 23, 1997, Pages 28511-28538

  Andronache, C ^a,b   Chameides, W L ^a   Davis, D D ^a   Anderson, B E ^c   Pueschel, R F ^d   Bandy, A R ^e   Thornton, D C ^e   Talbot, R W ^f   Kasibhatla, P ^g   Kiang, C S ^a  

^a GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^b PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^d NASA AMES RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^e DREXEL UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE   (United States)

^g DUKE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001598012     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/97jd01969     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Altshuller, A. P., Model predictions of the rates of homogeneous oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfate in the troposphere, Atmos. Environ., 13, 1653-1661, 1979.
2. Bandy, A. R., D. C. Thornton, and A. R. Driedger III, Airborne measurements of sulfur dioxide, dimethyl sulfide and carbonyl sulfide by isotope dilution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 423-442, 1993.
3. Charlson, R. J., J. E. Lovelock, M. O. Andreae, and S. G. Warren, Oceanic phytoplankton, atmospheric sulfur, cloud albedo and climate, Nature, 326, 655-661, 1987.
4. Clarke, A. D., Atmospheric nuclei in the remote free-troposphere, J. Atmos. Chem., 14, 479-488, 1992.
5. Clarke, A. D., Atmospheric nuclei in the Pacific midtroposphere: Their nature, concentration, and evolution, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 20,633-20,647, 1993.
6. 2 backscatter at Mauna Loa observatory, J. Geophys. Res., 96, No. D3, 5237-5247, 1991.
7. Coffman, D. J., and D. A. Hegg, A preliminary study of the effect of ammonia on particle nucleation in the marine boundary layer, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 7147-7160, 1995.
8. Covert, D. S., V. N. Kapustin, P. K. Quinn, and T. S. Bates, New particle formation in the marine boundary layer, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 20,581-20,589, 1992.
9. x levels in the remote tropical Pacific, J. Geophys. Res., this issue (a).
10. Crawford, J., et al., An assessment of ozone photochemistry in the extratropical western North Pacific based upon PEM-West B observations: Comparisons with PEM-West A, J. Geophys. Res., this issue (b).
11. DeMore, W. B., S. P. Sander, D. M. Golden, R. F. Hampson, M. J. Kurylo, C. J. Howard, A. R. Ravishankara, C. E. Kolb, and M. J. Molina, Chemical kinetics and photochemical data for use in stratospheric modeling, JPL Publication 94-26, 273pp, 1994.
12. Dibb, J. E., R. W. Talbot, B. L. Lefer, E. Scheuer, G. L. Gregory, E. V. Browell, J. D. Bradshaw, S. T. Sandholm, and H. B. Singh, Distributions of beryllium-7, lead-210, and soluble aerosol-associated ionic species over the western Pacific: PEM-West B, February-March 1994, J. Geophys. Res., this issue.
13. Easter, R. C., and L. K. Peters, Binary homogeneous nucleation: Temperature and relative humidity fluctuations, nonlinearity, and aspects of new particle production in the atmosphere, J. Appl. Meteorol., 33, 775-784, 1994.
14. 4 production and loss in the atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 9001-9010, 1993.
15. Hegg, D. A, L. F. Radke, and P. V. Hobbs, Particle production associated with marine clouds, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 13,917-13,926, 1990.
16. Hoell, J. M., D. D. Davis, S. C. Liu, R. Newell, M. Shipham, H. Akimoto, R. J. McNeal, R. J. Bendura, and J. W. Drewry, Pacific exploratory mission-West A (PEM-West A): September-October 1991, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 1641-1653, 1996.
17. Hoell, J. M., et al., The Pacific Exploratory Mission-West Phase B: February-March, 1994, J. Geophys. Res., this issue.
18. Hoppel, W. A., and G. M. Frick, Submicron aerosol size distributions measured over the tropical and South Pacific, Atmos. Environ. Part A, 24, 645-659, 1990.
19. Jaecker-Voirol, A., and P. Mirabel, Heteromolecular nucleation in the sulfuric acid-water system, Atmos. Environ., 23, 2053-2057, 1989.
20. Jaecker-Voirol, A., J. L. Ponche, and P. Mirabel, Vapor pressures in the ternary system water-nitric acid-sulfuric acid at low temperatures, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 11,857-11,863, 1990.
21. Jensen, T. L., S. M. Kreidenweis, Y. Kim, H. Sievering, and A. Pszenny, Aerosol distributions in the North Atlantic marine boundary layer during Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment/Marine Aerosol and Gas Exchange, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 4455-4467, 1996.
22. Kiehl, J. T., and B. P. Briegleb, The relative roles of sulphate aerosols and greenhouse gases in climate forcing, Science, 260, 311-314, 1993.
23. Kreidenweis, S. M., and J. H. Seinfeld, Nucleation of sulfuric acid-water and methanesulfonic acid-water solution particles: Implications for the atmospheric chemistry of organosulfur species, Atmos. Environ., 22, 283-296, 1988.
24. Laaksonen, A., and M. Kulmala, Homogeneous heteromolecular nucleation of sulfuric acid and water vapors in stratospheric conditions: A theoretical study of the effect of hydrate interaction, J. Aerosol Sci., 22, 779-787, 1991.
25. Langner, J., and H. Rodhe, A global three-dimensional model of the tropospheric sulphur cycle, J. Atmos. Chem., 13, 255-263, 1991.
26. 2 oxidation in warm clouds, J. Atmos. Chem., 13, 109-129, 1991.
27. Lin, X., W. L. Chameides, C. S. Kiang, A. W. Stelson, and H. Berresheim, A model study of the formation of cloud condensation nuclei in remote marine areas, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 18,161-18,171, 1992.
28. Merrill, J. T., et al., A meteorological overview for the Pacific Exploratory Mission-West, Phase B, J. Geophys. Res., this issue.
29. Möhler, O., and F. Arnold, Gaseous sulfuric acid and sulfur dioxide measurements in the Arctic troposphere and lower stratosphere: Implications for hydroxyl radical abundances, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 1763-1766, 1992.
30. Pandis, S. N., L. M. Russell, and J. H. Seinfeld, The relationship between DMS flux and CCN concentration in remote marine regions, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 16,945-16,957, 1994.
31. Raes, F., Entrainment of free tropospheric aerosols as regulating mechanism for cloud condensation nuclei in the remote marine boundary layer, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 2893-2903, 1995.
32. 2aO aerosols: Uncertainty analysis and experimental evaluation, J. Aerosol Sci., 23, 759-771, 1992.
33. Russell, M. L., S. N. Pandis, and J. H. Seinfeld, Aerosol production and growth in the marine boundary layer, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 20,989-21,003, 1994.
34. Schwartz, S. E., Mass-transport considerations pertinent to aqueous phase reactions of gases in liquid-water clouds, in Chemistry of Multiphase Atmospheric Systems, NATO ASI Ser., Vol. G6, edited by W. Jaeschke, pp. 415-471, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1986.
35. Seinfeld, J. H., Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics of Air Pollution, 738pp., John Wiley, New York, 1986.
36. 4, Atmos. Environ., 23, 2841-2846, 1989.
37. Talbot, R. W. et al., Chemical characteristics of continental outflow from Asia to the troposphere over the western Pacific during September-October 1991: Results from PEM-West A, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 1713-1725, 1996.
38. Talbot, R. W. et al., Chemical characteristics of continental outflow from Asia to the troposphere over the western Pacific Ocean during February-March 1994: Results from PEM-West B, J. Geophys. Res., this issue.
39. Taleb, D. E., J. L. Ponche, and P. Mirabel, Vapor pressures in the ternary system water-nitric acid-sulfuric acid at low temperature: A reexamination, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 25,967-25,977, 1996.
40. Thornton, D. C., A. R. Bandy, B. W. Blomquist, J. D. Bradshaw, D. R. Blake, Vertical transport of sulfur dioxide and dimethyl sulfide in equatorial convection and its role in new particle formation, presented at NASA workshop, Hampton, Virginia, 1996a.
41. Thornton, D. C., A. R. Bandy, B. W. Blomquist, D. D. Davis, and R. W. Talbot, Sulfur dioxide as a source of condensation nuclei in the upper troposphere of the Pacific Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 1883-1890, 1996b.
42. Twomey, S., Aerosols, clouds and radiation, Atmos. Environ., Part A, 25, 2435-2442, 1990.
43. Weber, R. J., J. J. Marti, P. H. McMurry, F. L. Eisele, D. J. Tanner, A. Jefferson, Measured atmospheric new particle formation rates: Implications for nucleation theory, Chem. Eng. Communi., 151, 53, 1996.
44. Zeleznik, J. F., Thermodynamic properties of the aqueous sulfuric acid system to 350 K, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 20, 1991.
45. 2O systems: Incorporation of stratospheric acids into background sulfate aerosols, J. Phys. Chem., 97, 8541-8548, 1993.