Variation and universals in VOT: Evidence from 18 languages

Journal of Phonetics

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 207-229

  Cho, Taehong ^a   Ladefoged, Peter ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001538374     PISSN: 00954470     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/jpho.1999.0094     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Abramson A., Lisker L. Voice timing in Korean stops. Proceedings of the Seventh International Congress of Phonetic Sciences. 1971;. p. 439-446.
2. van den Berg J. Myoelastic theory of voice production. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research. 1:1958;277-244.
3. Blankenship B., Ladefoged P., Bhaskararao P., Chase N. Phonetic structures of Khonoma Angami. Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area. 16:1993;69-88.
4. Browman C. P., Goldstein L. Tiers in articulatory phonology, with some implications for casual speech. Kingston J., Beckman M. Papers in laboratory phonology I: between the grammar and physics of speech. 1990;341-378 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
5. Browman C. P., Goldstein L. Articulatory phonology: an overview. Phonetica. 49:1992;155-180.
6. Chen M. Vowel length variation as a function of the voicing of consonant environment. Phonetica. 22:1970;129-159.
7. Cho T., Taff A., Dirks M., Ladefoged P. Phonetic structures of Aleut. UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics. 95:1997;68-90.
8. Chomsky N., Halle M. The sound pattern of English. 1968;Harper & Row, New York.
9. Cohn A. Nasalization in English: phonology or phonetics. Phonology. 10:1993;43-81.
10. Cooper A. M. An articulatory account of aspiration in English. 1991a;Yale University.
11. Copper A. M. Laryngeal and oral gestures in English /p, t, k/. Proceedings of the International Congress of Phonetic Sciences. 2:1991b;. p. 50-53.
12. Docherty G. The timing of voicing in British English obstruents. 1992;Foris, Berlin.
13. Everett, D. L. Kern, B. Wari' (The Pacaas Novos languages of Western Brazil), London, Routledge, Descriptive Grammar Series.
14. Fourakis M., Port R. Stop Epenthesis in English. Journal of Phonetics. 14:1986;197-221.
15. Fischer-Jørgensen E. Acoustic analysis of stop consonants. Miscellanea Phonetica. 2:1954;42-59.
16. Flemming E., Ladefoged P., Thomason S. Phonetic structures of Montana Salish. UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics. 87:1994;1-34.
17. Gordon M. The phonetic structures of Hupa. UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics. 93:1996;164-187.
18. Gordon M., Munro P., Ladefoged P. The phonetic structures of Chickasaw. UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics. 95:1997;41-67.
19. Halle M., Stevens K. N. On the mechanism of glottal vibration for vowels and consonants. MIT Quarterly Progress Report. 85:1967;267-271.
20. Hardcastle W. J. Some observations on the Tense-Lax distinction in initial stops in Korean. Journal of Phonetics. 1:1973;263-271.
21. Hawkins S. An introduction to task dynamics. Docherty G. J., Ladd D. R. Papers in laboratory phonology II: gestures, segments, prosody. 1992;9-25 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
22. Jessen M. Phonetics and phonology of tense and lax obstruents in German. 1998;John Benjamins, Amsterdam.
23. Keating P. A. Phonetic and phonological representation of stop consonant voicing. Language. 60:1984;286-319.
24. Keating P. A. Universal phonetics and the organization of grammars. Fromkin V. Phonetic linguistics: essays in honor of Peter Ladefoged. 1985;115-132 Academic Press, Orlando.
25. Keating P. A. Phonetic representations in a generative grammar. Journal of Phonetics. 18:1990;321-334.
26. Kuehn D. P., Moll K. A cineradiographic study of VC and CV articulatory velocities. Journal of Phonetics. 4:1976;303-320.
27. Ladefoged P. The many interfaces between phonetics and phonology. Dressler W. U., Luschützky H. C., Pfeiffer O. E., Rennison J. R. Phonologica 1988. 1992;165-179 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
28. Ladefoged P. A course in phonetics. 1993;Harcourt Brace College Publishers, For Worth.
29. Ladefoged P. Linguistic phonetic descriptions. Hardcastle W., Laver J. The handbook of the phonetic sciences. 1997;589-618 Blackwells, Oxford.
30. Ladefoged P., Maddieson I. Sounds of the world's languages. 1996;Blackwells, Oxford.
31. Ladefoged, P. Ladefoged, J. Everett, D. Phonetic structures of Banawá, an endangered language, Phonetica.
32. Lehiste I. Suprasegmentals. 1970;MIT Press, Cambridge.
33. Lindblom B. Vowel duration and a model of lip mandible coordination. Speech Transmission Laboratory, Quarterly Progress and Status Report. 4/1967:1967;1-29.
34. Lisker L. On 'explaining' vowel duration variation. Glossa. 8:1974;233-246.
35. Lisker L., Abramson A. Cross-language study of voicing in initial stops: acoustical measurements. Word. 20:1964;384-422.
36. MacEachern M. R., Kern B., Ladefoged P. Wari' phonetic structures. Journal of Amazonian Languages. 1:1997;5-25.
37. McDonough J., Ladefoged P. Navajo Stops. UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics. 84:1993;151-164.
38. Maddieson I. Phonetic Universals. Laver J., Hardcastle W. J. The handbook of phonetic sciences. 1997a;619-639 Blackwells, Oxford.
39. Maddieson I. The many glottalized consonants in Yapese - how, why and where? Paper presented in the Third Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association Conference. 1997b;UCLA.
40. Maddieson I., Gandour J. Vowel length before aspirated consonants. Indiana Linguistics. 38:1977;6-11.
41. Maddieson I., Sands B., Ladefoged P., Spajić S. The phonetic structures of Dahalo. Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere. 36:1993;5-53.
42. Maddieson I., Anderson V. B. Phonetic structures of Iaai. UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics. 87:1994;163-182.
43. Maddieson I., Bessel N., Smith C. A preliminary phonetic report on the sounds of Tlingit. UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics. 93:1996;125-148.
44. Ohala J. J., Riordan C. Passive vocal tract enlargement during voiced stops. Wolf J. J., Klatt D. H. Speech communication papers. 1979;89-92 Acoustical Society of America, New York.
45. Peterson G. E., Lehiste I. Duration of syllable nuclei in English. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 32:1960;693-703.
46. Pierrehumbert J. B. The phonology and phonetics of English intonation. 1980;MIT dissertation.
47. Pierrehumbert J. B. Phonological and phonetic representation. Journal of Phonetics. 18:1990;375-394.
48. Potter, B. Gordon, M. Dawson, J. de Reuse, W. Ladefoged, P. Phonetic structures of Western Apache, UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics.
49. Saltzman E. Task dynamic coordination of the speech articulators: a preliminary model. Heuer H., Fromm C. Generation and modulation of action Patterns (Experimental Brain Research Series 15). 1986;129-144 Springer, New York.
50. Saltzman E., Munhall K. G. A dynamical approach to gestural patterning in speech production. Ecological Psychology. 1:1989;333-382.
51. Shalev M., Ladefoged P., Bhaskararao P. Phonetics of Toda. PILC Journal of Dravidian Studies. 4:1994;19-56.
52. Shryock A., Ladefoged P., Williamson K. Phonetic structure of Defaka. UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics. 91:1995;89-109.
53. Silverman D., Blankenship B., Kirk P., Ladefoged P. Phonetic structures in Jalapa Mazatec. Anthropological Linguistics. 37:1995;70-88.
54. Steriade D. Affricates and release. Paper presented at the Conference on Features. 1989;MIT.
55. Steriade D. Closure, release, and nasal contours. Huffman M., Krakow R. Phonetics and phonology 5. 1993;401-470 Academic Press, New York.
56. Stevens K. N. Acoustic phonetics. 1999;MIT Press, Cambridge.
57. Stevens K. N., Keyser S. J., Kawasaki H. Toward a phonetic and phonological theory of redundant features. Perkell J. S., Klatt D. H. Invariance and variability in speech processes. 1986;426-463 Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, New Jersey.
58. Umeda N. Consonant duration in American English. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 61:1977;846-858.
59. Vatikotis-Bateson E., Ostry D. J. An analysis of the dimensionality of jaw motion in speech. Journal of Phonetics. 23:1995;101-117.
60. Weismer G. Control of the voicing distinction for intervocalic stops and frictives: Some data and theoretical considerations. Journal of Phonetics. 8:1980;427-438.
61. Westbury J., Keating P. Central representation of vowel duration. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 67:1980;S37(A).
62. Wright R., Ladefoged P. A phonetic study of Tsou. Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology. 1997;Academia Sinica.