High precision ac susceptometer for measuring the temperature and magnetic field dependence of the penetration depth in superconductor single crystals

Review of Scientific Instruments

Volumn 71, Issue 10, 2000, Pages 3816-3821

  Bidinosti, C P ^a   Hardy, W N ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001490663     PISSN: 00346748     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.1311945     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. c Superconductors, edited by J. Bok, G. Deutscher, D. Pavuna, and S. A. Wolf (Plenum, New York, 1998).
2. c Superconductors, edited by J. Bok, G. Deutscher, D. Pavuna, and S. A. Wolf (Plenum, New York, 1998).
3. D. Xu, S. K. Yip, and J. A. Sauls, Phys. Rev. B 51, 16233 (1995); I. Žutić and O. T. Valls, ibid. 58, 8738 (1998); T. Dahm and D. J. Scalapino, ibid. 60, 13125 (1999); M.-R. Li, P. J. Hirschfeld, and P. Wölfe, ibid. 61, 648 (2000).
4. D. Xu, S. K. Yip, and J. A. Sauls, Phys. Rev. B 51, 16233 (1995); I. Žutić and O. T. Valls, ibid. 58, 8738 (1998); T. Dahm and D. J. Scalapino, ibid. 60, 13125 (1999); M.-R. Li, P. J. Hirschfeld, and P. Wölfe, ibid. 61, 648 (2000).
5. D. Xu, S. K. Yip, and J. A. Sauls, Phys. Rev. B 51, 16233 (1995); I. Žutić and O. T. Valls, ibid. 58, 8738 (1998); T. Dahm and D. J. Scalapino, ibid. 60, 13125 (1999); M.-R. Li, P. J. Hirschfeld, and P. Wölfe, ibid. 61, 648 (2000).
6. D. Xu, S. K. Yip, and J. A. Sauls, Phys. Rev. B 51, 16233 (1995); I. Žutić and O. T. Valls, ibid. 58, 8738 (1998); T. Dahm and D. J. Scalapino, ibid. 60, 13125 (1999); M.-R. Li, P. J. Hirschfeld, and P. Wölfe, ibid. 61, 648 (2000).
7. (a) A. Bhattacharya, I. Žutić, O. T. Valls, A. M. Goldman, U. Welp, and B. Veal, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3132 (1999);
8. (b) A. Carrington, R. W. Giannetta, J. T. Kim, and J. Giapintzakis, Phys. Rev. B 59, R14173 (1999);
9. C. P. Bidinosti, W. N. Hardy, D. A. Bonn, and R. Liang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 3277 (1999).
10. F. Gömöry, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 10, 523 (1997), and references therein.
11. See, for example, A. F. Deutz, R. Hulstman, and F. J. Kranenburg, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 60, 113 (1989); Also several articles in Magnetic Susceptibility of Superconductors and Other Spin Systems, edited by R. A. Hein, T. L. Francavilla, and D. H. Liebenberg (Plenum, New York, 1991).
12. See, for example, A. F. Deutz, R. Hulstman, and F. J. Kranenburg, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 60, 113 (1989); Also several articles in Magnetic Susceptibility of Superconductors and Other Spin Systems, edited by R. A. Hein, T. L. Francavilla, and D. H. Liebenberg (Plenum, New York, 1991).
13. 4.2 ∼100, the skin depth at 10 KH/ is ∼20 μm, which is much smaller than the inner diameter of the dc coil form. For the purpose of calculating ac field profiles one can take δ≃0. We also note that field dependent susceptibilities of the copper walls may contribute to the susceptometer output, due to unavoidable asymmetries in geometry or material parameters. However, such signals, if they exist, will be subtracted by the data collection procedure.
14. S. Sridhar and W. L. Kennedy, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 59, 531 (1988); D. L. Rubin et al., Phys. Rev. B 38. 6538 (1988).
15. S. Sridhar and W. L. Kennedy, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 59, 531 (1988); D. L. Rubin et al., Phys. Rev. B 38. 6538 (1988).
16. Cernox™ resistor, model CX-1050-BG, was purchased from Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc., 575 McCorkle Boulevard, Westerville, OH, 43082.
17. S. T. Smith and D.G. Chetwynd, Foundations of Ultraprecision Mechanism Design (Gordon and Breach Science, Philadelphia, 1992), p. 102.
18. The sapphire rod was purchased from Crystal Systems, Inc., 27 Congress Street, Salem, MA 01970. The sapphire was certified to be of optical quality, 99.996% pure, and the optical axis within ±2° of the axis of the rod. Precision grinding of the form was done by Imetra. Inc., 200 Clearbrook Road, Elmsford, NY 10523.
19. The niobium wire, 0.0076 cm in diameter with Formvar coating, was purchased from Supercon, Inc., 830 Boston Turnpike, Shrewsbury, MA 01545. The copper wire, 99.99% pure and 0.010 cm in diameter with Formvar coating, was purchased from California Fine Wire Co., Grover Beach, CA 93433.
20. The core is made from VITROVAC™ 6025 F, a high permeability material produced by Vacuumschmelze GmbH, Grüner Weg 37, P.O. Box 2253, D-6450 Hanau I, Germany.
21. M. Tinkham, Introduction to Superconductivity, 2nd ed. (McGraw-Hill International, Singapore, 1996).
22. S. Kamal, R. Liang, A. Hosseini, D. A. Bonn, and W. N. Hardy, Phys. Rev. B 58, R8933 (1998).
23. D. S. Fisher, M. P. A. Fisher, and D. A. Huse, Phys. Rev. B 43, 130 (1991), especially Sec. IV.
24. -8 emu when operating at 1000 Hz with a 1 Oe drive field and using a 3 s time constant (see www.oxinst.com/ri/measure/ maglabprobes.htm). To directly compare the systems, one must scale signal to noise with respect to frequency, drive field, and square root of the averaging time.