Multiply connected Bose-Einstein-condensed alkali-metal gases: Current-carrying states and their decay

Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

Volumn 57, Issue 3, 1998, Pages R1505-R1508

  Mueller, Erich J ^a   Goldbart, Paul M ^a   Lyanda Geller, Yuli ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001486790     PISSN: 10502947     EISSN: 10941622     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.57.R1505     Document Type: Article

References (18)

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10. Such a description is closer in spirit to the phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau one than to the zero-temperature Gross-Pitaevskii description. A priori, the effective coefficients in Eq. (2) differ from the zero-temperature values. However, this difference is not essential, in that we express results in terms of experimental quantities, such as the number of condensed particles (Formula presented) and their wave vector (Formula presented) In our numerical estimates we do need the effective scattering length (Formula presented) which we approximate by its zero-temperature value. The absence of a vector potential in Eq. (2) indicates that the “normal” fluid of thermal excitations is at rest.
11. For the case of superconducting wires, the intermediate regime in which (Formula presented) does not greatly exceed ξ has been analyzed by M. B. Tarlie, E. Shimshoni, and P. M. Goldbart, Phys. Rev. B 49, 494 (1994);M. B. Tarlie, Ph.D. thesis, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1995 (unpublished).
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13. For example, one can envisage creating a multiply connected sample via the modification of an existing pancake-shaped magnetic trap 5, by puncturing it axially with a blue-detuned (and thus repulsive) laser beam.
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15. for a discussion see, e.g., R. J. Donnelly, Quantized Vortices in Helium II (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 1991), Chap. 8.
16. In this paper we need not consider decay processes associated with quantum fluctuations, since in the temperature region in question (Formula presented) thermal fluctuations dominate.
17. These terms are given by (Formula presented) in which the quadratic coefficients (Formula presented) and the quartic coefficients (Formula presented) are given by (Formula presented) and (Formula presented) In these integrals the measure (Formula presented) is (Formula presented) with (Formula presented) ranging from 0 to ∞ and (Formula presented) ranging over the whole real line.
18. M. R. Andrew, K. M. Kurn, H.-J. Miesner, D. S. Durfee, C. G. Townsend, S. Inouye, and W. Ketterle, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 553 (1997).