Lead in Maple Syrup Produced in Connecticut

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Volumn 44, Issue 10, 1996, Pages 3153-3158

  Stilwell, David E ^a   Musante, Craig L ^a  

^a Connecticut Agric Exp Station ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

Lead; Maple syrup; Sap; Syrup

Indexed keywords

ACER;

EID: 0001454798     PISSN: 00218561     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jf9600869     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. Biddle, G. N. Toxicology of lead: primer for analytical chemists. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 1982, 65, 947-952.
2. Chen, C.; Gao, J. The Chinese total diet study in 1990. Part I. Chemical contaminants. J. AOAC Int. 1993, 76, 1193-1200.
3. Dabeka, R. W.; McKenzie, A. D. Survey of lead, cadmium, nickel, and cobalt in food composites and estimation of dietary intakes of these elements by Canadians in 1986-1988. J. AOAC Int. 1995, 78, 897-909.
4. Jelinek, C. F. Levels of lead in the United States food supply. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 1982, 65, 942-946.
5. Kolthoff, I. M.; Sandell, E. B.; Meehan, E. J.; Bruckenstein, S. Solubility of precipitates. Quantitative chemical analysis; Macmillan: New York, 1969; Chapter 7.
6. Maeda, T.; Nakatani, M.; Tanimoto, Y. Effect of oxygen gas as a matrix modifier on direct determination of cadmium and lead in blood and food samples by graphite furnace AAS. Bunseki Kagaku 1989, 38, 734-736.
7. Miller-Ihli, N. J. Graphite furnace atomic absorption method for the determination of lead in sugars and syrups. J. AOAC Int. 1994, 77, 1288-1292.
8. Nearing, H.; Nearing S. The maple sugar book; Schocken: New York, 1970.
9. Ott, L. An introduction to statistical methods and data analysis; Duxbury Press: Boston, 1984; pp 155-160.
10. Robinson, R. A.; MacLean, K. S.; MacConnell, H. M. Heavy metal, pH, and total solid content of maple sap and syrup produced in eastern Canada. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 1989, 72, 674-676.
11. Stilwell, D. E.; Musante C. L. Lead content in grapefruit juice and its uptake upon storage in open containers. J. Sci. Food Agric. 1994, 66, 405-410.
12. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Sugar maple research: sap production, processing, and marketing of maple syrup; General Technical Report NE-72; USDA: Broomall, PA, 1982.
13. Wallace, G. F. Some considerations on the selection of an internal standard for ICP emission spectroscopy. At. Spectrosc. 1984, 5, 5-9.
14. Winton, A. L.; Winton K. B. The structure and composition of foods; Wiley and Sons: New York, 1939; Vol. IV.
15. WHO. Lead. Environmental aspects. Environmental Health Criteria; World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland, 1989; Vol. 85.
16. Wolnik, K. A.; Frike, F. L.; Capar, S. G.; Meyer, M. W.; Satzger, R. D.; Bonnin, E.; Gaston, C. M. Elements in major raw agricultural crops in the United States. 3. Cadmium, lead, and eleven other elements in carrots, field corn, onions, rice, spinach, and tomatoes. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1985, 33, 807-811.