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2
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85043085293
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Report No. SLAC TRANS 227, 1987 (unpublished);
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7
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85043052920
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``Opportunities and Requirements for Experimentation at a Very High Energy esup + e- Collider, '' Report No.
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(1989)
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Ahn, C.1
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10
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85043030486
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edited by, P. M. Zerwas, DESY Report No. 92 123A/B, Hamburg
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(1992)
esup + e-Collisions at 500 GeV: The Physical Potential, Proceedings of Workshop, Munich, Germany, Annecy, France, Hamburg, Germany, 1991
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13
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JLC Group, KEK Report No. 92 16, 1992 (unpublished).
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15
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85043049436
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Proceedings of European Meeting of the Working Groups on Physics and Experiments at Linear esup + e- Colliders, Munich, Germany, Annecy, France, 1993, Hamburg, Germany, 1993, edited by P. M. Zerwas (DESY Report No. 93 123C, Hamburg).
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20
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84927361104
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ALEPH, DELPHI, L3, and OPAL
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ALEPH, DELPHI, L3, and OPAL, Phys. Lett. B 276, 247 (1992).
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(1992)
Phys. Lett. B
, vol.276
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J. F. Grivaz, in esup + e- Collisions at 500 MeV: The Physics Potential cite7.
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C. Vander Velde, in esup + e- Collisions at 500 MeV: The Physics Potential in cite7.
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23
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R. Becker and R. Starosta, in esup + e- Collisions at 500 MeV: The Physics Potential cite7.
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24
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R. Becker and C. Vander Velde, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Physics and Experiments with Linear esup + e- Colliders cite11 and Proceedings of European Meeting of the Working Groups on Physics and Experiments at Linear esup + e- Colliders cite12.
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25
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A. Bartl, W. Majerotto, and B. Mösslacher, in esup + e- Collisions at 500 MeV: The Physics Potential cite7.
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28
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See also L. J. Feng and D. E. Finnel, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Physics and Experiments with Linear esup + e- Colliders cite11 and Phys. Rev. D 49, 2369 (1994),
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29
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which discussed the squark mass determinations using polarized beam.
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31
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T. Tsukamoto, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Physics and Experiments with Linear esup + e- Colliders cite11.
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32
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In the previous reports, it was not systematically presented how the experiments would proceed. We have also redone the analyses including the following new points. (1) We now include more background processes as listed in Appendix B, while only harmful ones such as Wsup + W- were included in Ref. [10]. The final figures do not show much difference, which in turn justifies our previous analyses. (2) The polarization of electron beam is now taken more realistically to be 95 Ref. [24]. (3) We employ a better strategy for precision measurements: mtilde e L measurement in the associate tilde eL pm tilde eR mp production instead of its pair production cite10, and the use of acoplanar μsup + μ- final states to detect the associate tilde chi1sup 0 tilde chi2sup 0 production instead of esup + e- final states cite24 to avoid the ``background'' from tilde eL pm tilde eR mp. (4) We present completely new analyses: the associate tilde eL pm tilde eR mp production and the chargino pair production in the case of two body decay tilde chi1 pm → W pm tilde chi1sup 0.
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33
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In Ref. [10], we ignored all the background processes but Wsup + W- production, while in Ref. [24], we assumed 100 polarization. We now take into account other less serious background processes and a more realistic beam polarization of 95
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34
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85043030030
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In the energy region of our interest, we can approximate Z to be massless and assume the SU(2)sub L ×U(1)Y symmetry limit. In this limit, the tilde eR pair production takes place via the annihilation into the U(1)sub Y gauge boson B. The signal cross section is thus enhanced, since right handed electrons have a larger hypercharge than that of left handed ones. On the other hand, the Wsup + W- production is absent for the right handed beam in the symmetry limit, since its s channel diagram only involves the annihilation into the neutral SU(2)sub L gauge boson W0 and its t channel diagram has the exchange of the electron neutrino. As for the e pm stackrel(-){νe W mp background, the right handed electron eliminates diagrams with a t channel W exchange between the initial state esup + and e- which turned out to contribute dominantly after the angle cuts defined above.
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35
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85043079919
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We have employed a cut on the acoplanarity angle instead of one on missing pT, unlike in Refs. [16 19]. Their effects, are, however, essentially the same, resulting in comparable detection efficiencies.
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23344450766
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There are possibilities which invalidate the GUT relation of the gaugino masses even within the SUSY GUT. First, the threshold corrections at the GUT scale may induce nonuniversal contributions to the three gaugino masses [, ]. Second, the two loop contribution to the renormalization group equations of gaugino masses destroy the universality , 336, 109, Y. Yamada, Phys. Lett. B
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(1993)
Phys. Rev. D
, vol.49
, pp. 1446
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Goto, T.1
Hisano, J.2
Murayama, H.3
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Second, the two loop contribution to the renormalization group equations of gaugino masses destroy the universality , 72, 25, Y. Yamada, Phys. Rev. Lett.
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(1994)
Phys. Rev. D
, vol.49
, pp. 1446
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Goto, T.1
Hisano, J.2
Murayama, H.3
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11544297385
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These two effects are usually small, but may be large in special circumstances, for instance, when A or B is much larger than the gaugino mass. Finally, there may be higher dimension operators which break the universality. This contribution is suppressed by MGUT/MPlanck, but may be large if the universal contribution is somehow small, or MGUT is close to MPlanck. It is an important question whether there are other possibilities to invalidate the GUT relation which we do not know at present.
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(1993)
Phys. Lett. B
, vol.318
, pp. 331
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Martin, S.1
Vaughn, M.2
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39
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85043078467
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Since our parameter set gives a B ino dominant tilde chi1sup 0 and a W ino dominant tilde chi2sup 0, the left handed electron beam is preferred from the view point of coupling strength. The left handed electron beam, however, requires the t channel exchange of tilde eL which is significantly heavier than tilde eR here. Because of this propagator suppression and the smallness of hypercharge, the cross section for the left handed electron beam is not very much different from that for the right handed electron beam.
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40
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In our preliminary study reported in Ref. [24], we used acoplanar esup + e- final states.
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41
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A. Miyamoto, in Proceedings of the Second JLC Workshop cite6.
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42
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This error is dominated by the statistical one. Note that 10 our parameter set happened to be at the minimum of the chargino production cross section (see Fig. 14). For other parameter sets (as in Sec. III A), the cross section is in general larger and hence the statistical error is smaller. Also, one can employ the right handed electron beam to suppress background, when the chargino contains a substantial fraction of Higgsino state.
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43
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We assumed here that we can determine the charge of at least one W candidate in a reconstructed event by using, for instance, the charge of a lepton from charm decay or the reconstruction of a charmed meson or both.
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44
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The contours in Figs. 13(a) 13(c) are projections of the Δ chi2 = 1, 2.28, and 4.61 hypersurfaces in the four dimensional parameter space to two dimensional subspaces. When the constant Δ chi2 hypersurfaces are quadratic in the four dimensional parameter space, their projections to a two dimensional subspace become elliptic contours, corresponding to the confidence level values calculated with the chi2 distribution for NDF = 2. The confidence level values obtained this way are 39 respectively. As suggested by Figs. 13(b) and 13(c), however, the error hypersurfaces are far from ellipsoidal and the above confidence level values should not be taken literally.
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The cross section measurements of selectron and chargino pair productions are dominated by statistical errors in our case, as long as we know luminosity and beam polarization with accuracies better than 1
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The ambiguities in μ and tan β slightly enlarge the errors on M1 and M2. This is why the use of a 95 polarized electron beam made the M1 M2 contour slightly larger than that in Ref. [24], where 100
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47
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85043051199
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Note that this upper bound is obtained without assuming boundary conditions at the GUT or Planck scales. It can be derived solely from the weak scale supersymmetric Lagrangian.
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48
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85043059032
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This center of mass energy is actually lower than the chargino pair threshold, which is specific to our choice of parameters. The associate tilde eL tilde eR production should have been already observed when we studied associate tilde chi1sup 0 tilde chi2sup 0 production in Sec. II B. Though the cross section for tilde chi1sup 0 tilde chi2sup 0 is much lower than tilde eL tilde eR, the signals of these two processes can be separated since tilde eL decays only into an electron while tilde chi2sup 0 has both esup = E- tilde chi1sup 0 and μsup + μ- tilde chi1sup 0 modes.
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49
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85043034159
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There may be overlaps in the scatter plot between the tilde eR pair and the tilde eR tilde eL associate productions for a different combination of masses. Then a useful observable is the asymmetry of the events with Ee- > Eesup+ and Eesup+ > Ee-. Once the asymmetry is found, we can extract mtilde e L from the electron and the positron energy distributions, since we already know mtilde e R and mtilde chi 1sup 0.
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This requires a detailed study of the Higgs sector, including both light and heavy ones.
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We assumed here that the two body mode has been searched for and not found, which justifies the application of the mass cut to eliminate W's.
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If we know tan β from the Higgs sector, then we can further vary M1 and M2 independently to test the GUT relation at this stage.
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In Sec. II we used the SU(2)sub L gaugino mass parameter M2 instead of M1/2. The relation between these two is given by the renormalization group equations [see Eq. (A3)].
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We did not include the initial state radiation and the beam effects for the background from the fusion processes: esup + e- → esup + e- Wsup + W-, e pm νe(-) W mp Z0, and νe bar νe Wsup + W-. Since both the initial state radiation and the beam effects make the cross sections for these processes smaller, our background estimation is conservative.
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64
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F. Berends, Z Physics at LEP I, Proceeding of the Workshop, Geneva, Switzerland, 1989, edited by G. Altarelli, R. Kleiss, and C. Verzegnassi (CERN Yellow Report No. 89 08, Geneva, 1989), Vol. 1.
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K. Yokoya, Proceedings of 1988 Linear Accelerator Conference, CEBAF Report No. 89 001, 1989 (unpublished), p. 494.
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