Phylogeny vs reticulation in prehistory

Antiquity

Volumn 70, Issue 270, 1996, Pages 881-890

  Bellwood, Peter ^a  

^a AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001348223     PISSN: 0003598X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0003598X00084131     Document Type: Review

References (75)

1. AMMERMAN, A. & L.L. CAVALLI-SFORZA. 1984. The Neolithic transition and the genetics of population in Europe. Princeton (NJ): Princeton University Press.
2. ATKINSON, R.R. 1989. The evolution of ethnicity among the Acholi of Uganda: the precolonial phase, Ethnohistory 36: 19-43.
3. BARBUJANI, G., R.R. SOKAL & N.L. ODEN. 1995. Indo-European origins: a computer-simulation test of five hypotheses, American Journal of Physical Anthropology 96: 109-32.
4. BATEMAN, R., I. GODDARD, R. O'GRADY, V.A. FUNK, R. MOOI, W.J. KRESS & P. CANNELL. 1990. Speaking of forked tongues: the feasibility of reconciling human phylogeny and the history of language. Current Anthropology 31: 1-24.
5. BELLWOOD, P. 1984-5. A hypothesis for Austronesian origins, Asian Perspectives 26: 107-17. 1987. The Polynesians. 2nd edition. London: Thames & Hudson. 1990. Foraging towards farming: a decisive transition or a millennial blur?, Review of Archaeology 11(2): 14-24. 1991. The Austronesian dispersal and the origin of languages, Scientific American 265(1): 88-93. 1994. An archaeologist's view of language macrofamily relationships, Oceanic Linguistics 33: 391-405. 1995a. Early agriculture, language history and the archaeological record in China and Southeast Asia, in C.-T. Yeung and B.W.-L. Li (ed.), Archaeology in Southeast Asia: 11-22. Hong Kong: University Museum & Art Gallery. 1995b. Language families and human dispersal, Cambridge Archaeological Journal 5: 271-4. 1996a. Early agriculture and the dispersal of the Southern Mongoloids, in T. Akazawa & E. Szathmary (ed.), Prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals: 287-302. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1996b. The origins and spread of agriculture in the Indo-Pacific region, in D. Harris (ed.), The origins and spread of agriculture and pastoralism in Eurasia: 465-98. London: UCL Press. In press a. Prehistoric cultural explanations for the existence of widespread language families, in P. McConvell & N. Evans (ed.), Understanding ancient Australia: perspectives from archaeology and linguistics. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. In press b. Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian archipelago. 2nd edition. Honolulu (HI): University of Hawaii Press.
6. BELLWOOD, P. 1984-5. A hypothesis for Austronesian origins, Asian Perspectives 26: 107-17. 1987. The Polynesians. 2nd edition. London: Thames & Hudson. 1990. Foraging towards farming: a decisive transition or a millennial blur?, Review of Archaeology 11(2): 14-24. 1991. The Austronesian dispersal and the origin of languages, Scientific American 265(1): 88-93. 1994. An archaeologist's view of language macrofamily relationships, Oceanic Linguistics 33: 391-405. 1995a. Early agriculture, language history and the archaeological record in China and Southeast Asia, in C.-T. Yeung and B.W.-L. Li (ed.), Archaeology in Southeast Asia: 11-22. Hong Kong: University Museum & Art Gallery. 1995b. Language families and human dispersal, Cambridge Archaeological Journal 5: 271-4. 1996a. Early agriculture and the dispersal of the Southern Mongoloids, in T. Akazawa & E. Szathmary (ed.), Prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals: 287-302. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1996b. The origins and spread of agriculture in the Indo-Pacific region, in D. Harris (ed.), The origins and spread of agriculture and pastoralism in Eurasia: 465-98. London: UCL Press. In press a. Prehistoric cultural explanations for the existence of widespread language families, in P. McConvell & N. Evans (ed.), Understanding ancient Australia: perspectives from archaeology and linguistics. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. In press b. Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian archipelago. 2nd edition. Honolulu (HI): University of Hawaii Press.
7. BELLWOOD, P. 1984-5. A hypothesis for Austronesian origins, Asian Perspectives 26: 107-17. 1987. The Polynesians. 2nd edition. London: Thames & Hudson. 1990. Foraging towards farming: a decisive transition or a millennial blur?, Review of Archaeology 11(2): 14-24. 1991. The Austronesian dispersal and the origin of languages, Scientific American 265(1): 88-93. 1994. An archaeologist's view of language macrofamily relationships, Oceanic Linguistics 33: 391-405. 1995a. Early agriculture, language history and the archaeological record in China and Southeast Asia, in C.-T. Yeung and B.W.-L. Li (ed.), Archaeology in Southeast Asia: 11-22. Hong Kong: University Museum & Art Gallery. 1995b. Language families and human dispersal, Cambridge Archaeological Journal 5: 271-4. 1996a. Early agriculture and the dispersal of the Southern Mongoloids, in T. Akazawa & E. Szathmary (ed.), Prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals: 287-302. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1996b. The origins and spread of agriculture in the Indo-Pacific region, in D. Harris (ed.), The origins and spread of agriculture and pastoralism in Eurasia: 465-98. London: UCL Press. In press a. Prehistoric cultural explanations for the existence of widespread language families, in P. McConvell & N. Evans (ed.), Understanding ancient Australia: perspectives from archaeology and linguistics. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. In press b. Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian archipelago. 2nd edition. Honolulu (HI): University of Hawaii Press.
8. BELLWOOD, P. 1984-5. A hypothesis for Austronesian origins, Asian Perspectives 26: 107-17. 1987. The Polynesians. 2nd edition. London: Thames & Hudson. 1990. Foraging towards farming: a decisive transition or a millennial blur?, Review of Archaeology 11(2): 14-24. 1991. The Austronesian dispersal and the origin of languages, Scientific American 265(1): 88-93. 1994. An archaeologist's view of language macrofamily relationships, Oceanic Linguistics 33: 391-405. 1995a. Early agriculture, language history and the archaeological record in China and Southeast Asia, in C.-T. Yeung and B.W.-L. Li (ed.), Archaeology in Southeast Asia: 11-22. Hong Kong: University Museum & Art Gallery. 1995b. Language families and human dispersal, Cambridge Archaeological Journal 5: 271-4. 1996a. Early agriculture and the dispersal of the Southern Mongoloids, in T. Akazawa & E. Szathmary (ed.), Prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals: 287-302. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1996b. The origins and spread of agriculture in the Indo-Pacific region, in D. Harris (ed.), The origins and spread of agriculture and pastoralism in Eurasia: 465-98. London: UCL Press. In press a. Prehistoric cultural explanations for the existence of widespread language families, in P. McConvell & N. Evans (ed.), Understanding ancient Australia: perspectives from archaeology and linguistics. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. In press b. Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian archipelago. 2nd edition. Honolulu (HI): University of Hawaii Press.
9. BELLWOOD, P. 1984-5. A hypothesis for Austronesian origins, Asian Perspectives 26: 107-17. 1987. The Polynesians. 2nd edition. London: Thames & Hudson. 1990. Foraging towards farming: a decisive transition or a millennial blur?, Review of Archaeology 11(2): 14-24. 1991. The Austronesian dispersal and the origin of languages, Scientific American 265(1): 88-93. 1994. An archaeologist's view of language macrofamily relationships, Oceanic Linguistics 33: 391-405. 1995a. Early agriculture, language history and the archaeological record in China and Southeast Asia, in C.-T. Yeung and B.W.-L. Li (ed.), Archaeology in Southeast Asia: 11-22. Hong Kong: University Museum & Art Gallery. 1995b. Language families and human dispersal, Cambridge Archaeological Journal 5: 271-4. 1996a. Early agriculture and the dispersal of the Southern Mongoloids, in T. Akazawa & E. Szathmary (ed.), Prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals: 287-302. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1996b. The origins and spread of agriculture in the Indo-Pacific region, in D. Harris (ed.), The origins and spread of agriculture and pastoralism in Eurasia: 465-98. London: UCL Press. In press a. Prehistoric cultural explanations for the existence of widespread language families, in P. McConvell & N. Evans (ed.), Understanding ancient Australia: perspectives from archaeology and linguistics. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. In press b. Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian archipelago. 2nd edition. Honolulu (HI): University of Hawaii Press.
10. BELLWOOD, P. 1984-5. A hypothesis for Austronesian origins, Asian Perspectives 26: 107-17. 1987. The Polynesians. 2nd edition. London: Thames & Hudson. 1990. Foraging towards farming: a decisive transition or a millennial blur?, Review of Archaeology 11(2): 14-24. 1991. The Austronesian dispersal and the origin of languages, Scientific American 265(1): 88-93. 1994. An archaeologist's view of language macrofamily relationships, Oceanic Linguistics 33: 391-405. 1995a. Early agriculture, language history and the archaeological record in China and Southeast Asia, in C.-T. Yeung and B.W.-L. Li (ed.), Archaeology in Southeast Asia: 11-22. Hong Kong: University Museum & Art Gallery. 1995b. Language families and human dispersal, Cambridge Archaeological Journal 5: 271-4. 1996a. Early agriculture and the dispersal of the Southern Mongoloids, in T. Akazawa & E. Szathmary (ed.), Prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals: 287-302. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1996b. The origins and spread of agriculture in the Indo-Pacific region, in D. Harris (ed.), The origins and spread of agriculture and pastoralism in Eurasia: 465-98. London: UCL Press. In press a. Prehistoric cultural explanations for the existence of widespread language families, in P. McConvell & N. Evans (ed.), Understanding ancient Australia: perspectives from archaeology and linguistics. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. In press b. Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian archipelago. 2nd edition. Honolulu (HI): University of Hawaii Press.
11. BELLWOOD, P. 1984-5. A hypothesis for Austronesian origins, Asian Perspectives 26: 107-17. 1987. The Polynesians. 2nd edition. London: Thames & Hudson. 1990. Foraging towards farming: a decisive transition or a millennial blur?, Review of Archaeology 11(2): 14-24. 1991. The Austronesian dispersal and the origin of languages, Scientific American 265(1): 88-93. 1994. An archaeologist's view of language macrofamily relationships, Oceanic Linguistics 33: 391-405. 1995a. Early agriculture, language history and the archaeological record in China and Southeast Asia, in C.-T. Yeung and B.W.-L. Li (ed.), Archaeology in Southeast Asia: 11-22. Hong Kong: University Museum & Art Gallery. 1995b. Language families and human dispersal, Cambridge Archaeological Journal 5: 271-4. 1996a. Early agriculture and the dispersal of the Southern Mongoloids, in T. Akazawa & E. Szathmary (ed.), Prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals: 287-302. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1996b. The origins and spread of agriculture in the Indo-Pacific region, in D. Harris (ed.), The origins and spread of agriculture and pastoralism in Eurasia: 465-98. London: UCL Press. In press a. Prehistoric cultural explanations for the existence of widespread language families, in P. McConvell & N. Evans (ed.), Understanding ancient Australia: perspectives from archaeology and linguistics. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. In press b. Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian archipelago. 2nd edition. Honolulu (HI): University of Hawaii Press.
12. BELLWOOD, P. 1984-5. A hypothesis for Austronesian origins, Asian Perspectives 26: 107-17. 1987. The Polynesians. 2nd edition. London: Thames & Hudson. 1990. Foraging towards farming: a decisive transition or a millennial blur?, Review of Archaeology 11(2): 14-24. 1991. The Austronesian dispersal and the origin of languages, Scientific American 265(1): 88-93. 1994. An archaeologist's view of language macrofamily relationships, Oceanic Linguistics 33: 391-405. 1995a. Early agriculture, language history and the archaeological record in China and Southeast Asia, in C.-T. Yeung and B.W.-L. Li (ed.), Archaeology in Southeast Asia: 11-22. Hong Kong: University Museum & Art Gallery. 1995b. Language families and human dispersal, Cambridge Archaeological Journal 5: 271-4. 1996a. Early agriculture and the dispersal of the Southern Mongoloids, in T. Akazawa & E. Szathmary (ed.), Prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals: 287-302. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1996b. The origins and spread of agriculture in the Indo-Pacific region, in D. Harris (ed.), The origins and spread of agriculture and pastoralism in Eurasia: 465-98. London: UCL Press. In press a. Prehistoric cultural explanations for the existence of widespread language families, in P. McConvell & N. Evans (ed.), Understanding ancient Australia: perspectives from archaeology and linguistics. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. In press b. Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian archipelago. 2nd edition. Honolulu (HI): University of Hawaii Press.
13. BELLWOOD, P. 1984-5. A hypothesis for Austronesian origins, Asian Perspectives 26: 107-17. 1987. The Polynesians. 2nd edition. London: Thames & Hudson. 1990. Foraging towards farming: a decisive transition or a millennial blur?, Review of Archaeology 11(2): 14-24. 1991. The Austronesian dispersal and the origin of languages, Scientific American 265(1): 88-93. 1994. An archaeologist's view of language macrofamily relationships, Oceanic Linguistics 33: 391-405. 1995a. Early agriculture, language history and the archaeological record in China and Southeast Asia, in C.-T. Yeung and B.W.-L. Li (ed.), Archaeology in Southeast Asia: 11-22. Hong Kong: University Museum & Art Gallery. 1995b. Language families and human dispersal, Cambridge Archaeological Journal 5: 271-4. 1996a. Early agriculture and the dispersal of the Southern Mongoloids, in T. Akazawa & E. Szathmary (ed.), Prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals: 287-302. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1996b. The origins and spread of agriculture in the Indo-Pacific region, in D. Harris (ed.), The origins and spread of agriculture and pastoralism in Eurasia: 465-98. London: UCL Press. In press a. Prehistoric cultural explanations for the existence of widespread language families, in P. McConvell & N. Evans (ed.), Understanding ancient Australia: perspectives from archaeology and linguistics. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. In press b. Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian archipelago. 2nd edition. Honolulu (HI): University of Hawaii Press.
14. BELLWOOD, P. 1984-5. A hypothesis for Austronesian origins, Asian Perspectives 26: 107-17. 1987. The Polynesians. 2nd edition. London: Thames & Hudson. 1990. Foraging towards farming: a decisive transition or a millennial blur?, Review of Archaeology 11(2): 14-24. 1991. The Austronesian dispersal and the origin of languages, Scientific American 265(1): 88-93. 1994. An archaeologist's view of language macrofamily relationships, Oceanic Linguistics 33: 391-405. 1995a. Early agriculture, language history and the archaeological record in China and Southeast Asia, in C.-T. Yeung and B.W.-L. Li (ed.), Archaeology in Southeast Asia: 11-22. Hong Kong: University Museum & Art Gallery. 1995b. Language families and human dispersal, Cambridge Archaeological Journal 5: 271-4. 1996a. Early agriculture and the dispersal of the Southern Mongoloids, in T. Akazawa & E. Szathmary (ed.), Prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals: 287-302. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1996b. The origins and spread of agriculture in the Indo-Pacific region, in D. Harris (ed.), The origins and spread of agriculture and pastoralism in Eurasia: 465-98. London: UCL Press. In press a. Prehistoric cultural explanations for the existence of widespread language families, in P. McConvell & N. Evans (ed.), Understanding ancient Australia: perspectives from archaeology and linguistics. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. In press b. Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian archipelago. 2nd edition. Honolulu (HI): University of Hawaii Press.
15. BELLWOOD, P. 1984-5. A hypothesis for Austronesian origins, Asian Perspectives 26: 107-17. 1987. The Polynesians. 2nd edition. London: Thames & Hudson. 1990. Foraging towards farming: a decisive transition or a millennial blur?, Review of Archaeology 11(2): 14-24. 1991. The Austronesian dispersal and the origin of languages, Scientific American 265(1): 88-93. 1994. An archaeologist's view of language macrofamily relationships, Oceanic Linguistics 33: 391-405. 1995a. Early agriculture, language history and the archaeological record in China and Southeast Asia, in C.-T. Yeung and B.W.-L. Li (ed.), Archaeology in Southeast Asia: 11-22. Hong Kong: University Museum & Art Gallery. 1995b. Language families and human dispersal, Cambridge Archaeological Journal 5: 271-4. 1996a. Early agriculture and the dispersal of the Southern Mongoloids, in T. Akazawa & E. Szathmary (ed.), Prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals: 287-302. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1996b. The origins and spread of agriculture in the Indo-Pacific region, in D. Harris (ed.), The origins and spread of agriculture and pastoralism in Eurasia: 465-98. London: UCL Press. In press a. Prehistoric cultural explanations for the existence of widespread language families, in P. McConvell & N. Evans (ed.), Understanding ancient Australia: perspectives from archaeology and linguistics. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. In press b. Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian archipelago. 2nd edition. Honolulu (HI): University of Hawaii Press.
16. BELLWOOD, P., J.J. FOX & D. TRYON (ed.). 1995. The Austronesians: historical and comparative perspectives. Canberra: Department of Anthropology, Australian National University.
17. BLUST, R. 1984-5. The Austronesian homeland: a linguistic perspective, Asian Perspectives 26(1): 45-68.
18. BJÖRK, C. & L. ANDERSON. 1987. Linnea in Monet's garden. Stockholm: R&S.
19. BROSNAHAN, L.F. 1969. Some historical cases of language imposition, in J. Spencer (ed.), Language in Africa: 7-24. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
20. CAVALLI-SFORZA, L.L. 1983. The transition to agriculture and some of its consequences, in D.J. Ortner (ed.), How humans adapt: 103-26. Washington (DC): Smithsonian Institution.
21. CAVALLI-SFORZA, L.L., A. PIAZZA, P. MENOZZI & J. MOUNTAIN. 1988. Reconstruction of human evolution: bringing together genetic, archaeological and linguistic data, Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the USA 85: 6002-6.
22. CAVALLI-SFORZA, L.L., P. MENOZZI & A. PIAZZA. 1993. Demic expansions and human evolution. Science 259: 639-46. (Ed.). 1994. The history and geography of human genes. Princeton (NJ): Princeton University Press.
23. CAVALLI-SFORZA, L.L., P. MENOZZI & A. PIAZZA. 1993. Demic expansions and human evolution. Science 259: 639-46. (Ed.). 1994. The history and geography of human genes. Princeton (NJ): Princeton University Press.
24. CHEN, J., R. SOKAL & M. RUHLEN. 1995. Worldwide analysis of genetic and linguistic relationships of human populations. Human Biology 67: 595-612.
25. CROSBY, A. 1986. Ecological imperialism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
26. DEWAR, R. 1995. Of nets and trees: untangling the reticulate and dendritic in Madagascar's prehistory, World Archaeology 26: 301-18.
27. DUTTON, T. 1995. Language contact and change in Melanesia, in P. Bellwood et al. 1995: 192-213.
28. DYEN, I. 1990. Homomeric lexical classification, in P. Baldi (ed.), Linguistic change and reconstruction methodology: 211-30. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
29. DYEN, I., J.B. KRUSKAL & P. BLACK. 1992. An Indoeuropean classification: a lexicostatistical experiment. Philadelphia (PA): American Philosophical Society. Transactions 82(5).
30. EHRET, C. 1988. Language change and the material correlates of language and ethnic shift, Antiquity 62: 564-73.
31. FORD, J.A. 1969. A comparison of formative cultures in the Americas. Washington (DC): Smithsonian Institution. Contribution to Anthropology 11.
32. FRIED, M. 1975. The notion of tribe. Menlo Park (CA): Cummings.
33. GEBAUER, A.B. & T.D. PRICE. 1992. Foragers to farmers: an introduction, in A.B. Gebauer & T.D. Price (ed.). Transitions to agriculture in prehistory: 1-10. Madison (WI): Prehistory Press.
34. GOSDEN, C. & C. PAVLIDES. 1994. Are islands insular? Landscape vs seascape in the case of the Arawe Islands, Papua New Guinea, Archaeology in Oceania 29: 162-71.
35. HALE, K. & D. HARRIS. 1979. Historical linguistics and archaeology, in A. Ortiz (ed.), Handbook of North American Indians 9: Southwest: 170-77. Washington (DC): Smithsonian Institution.
36. HALL, M. 1990. Farmers, kings and traders. Chicago (IL): University of Chicago Press.
37. HEATH, S.B. & R. LAPRADE. 1982. Castillan colonization and indigenous languages: the cases of Quechua and Aymara, in R.L. Cooper (ed.), Language spread: 118-47. Bloomington (IN): Indiana University Press.
38. HIERNAUX, J. 1964. The concept of race and the taxonomy of mankind, in A. Montagu (ed.), The concept of race: 29-45. New York (NY): Free Press.
39. HIGHAM, C. 1996. Archaeology and linguistics in Southeast Asia: implications of the Austric hypothesis, Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association 14: 110-18.
40. HOLT, P.M., LAMBTON, A.K.S. & B. LEWIS (ed.). 1977. The Cambridge history of Islam, IA. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
41. HOOPES, J.W. 1994. Ford revisited, Journal of World Prehistory 8: 1-49.
42. KAUFMAN, T. 1990. Language history in South America, in D.L. Payne (ed.), Amazonian linguistics: 13-73. Austin (TX): University of Texas Press.
43. KIRCH, P.V. & R.C. GREEN. 1987. History, phylogeny and evolution in Polynesia, Current Anthropology 28: 431-56.
44. MACE, R. & M. PAGEL. 1994. The comparative method in anthropology, Current Anthropology 35: 549-64.
45. MOORE, C. & A.K. ROMNEY. 1994. Material culture, geographic propinquity, and linguistic affiliation on the north coast of New Guinea: a reanalysis of Welsch, Terrell & Nadolski (1992), American Anthropologist 96: 370-96.
46. MOOKE, J.H. 1994a. Putting anthropology back together again: the ethnogenetic critique of cladistic theory, American Anthropologist 96: 925-48. 1994b. Ethnogenetic theory, National Geographic Research and Exploration 10(1): 10-23. 1995. The end of a paradigm, Current Anthropology 36: 530-31.
47. MOOKE, J.H. 1994a. Putting anthropology back together again: the ethnogenetic critique of cladistic theory, American Anthropologist 96: 925-48. 1994b. Ethnogenetic theory, National Geographic Research and Exploration 10(1): 10-23. 1995. The end of a paradigm, Current Anthropology 36: 530-31.
48. MOOKE, J.H. 1994a. Putting anthropology back together again: the ethnogenetic critique of cladistic theory, American Anthropologist 96: 925-48. 1994b. Ethnogenetic theory, National Geographic Research and Exploration 10(1): 10-23. 1995. The end of a paradigm, Current Anthropology 36: 530-31.
49. NEI, M. & A.K. CHOUDHURY. 1993. Evolutionary relations of human populations on a world scale, Molecular Biology and Evolution 10: 927-43.
50. PAWLEY, A.K. & M. ROSS. 1995. The prehistory of the Oceanic languages: a current view, in Bellwood et al. (ed.): 39-74.
51. PLUCIENNIK, M. 1996. Genetics, archaeology and the wider world, Antiquity 70: 13-14.
52. RENFREW, C. 1987. Archaeology and language. London: Jonathan Cape. 1992a. Archaeology, genetics and linguistic diversity, Man (n.s.) 27: 445-78. 1992b. World languages and human dispersals: a minimalist view, in J.A. Hall & I.C. Jarvie (ed.), Transition to modernity: 11-68. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1994. World linguistic diversity, Scientific American 268(7): 104-10.
53. RENFREW, C. 1987. Archaeology and language. London: Jonathan Cape. 1992a. Archaeology, genetics and linguistic diversity, Man (n.s.) 27: 445-78. 1992b. World languages and human dispersals: a minimalist view, in J.A. Hall & I.C. Jarvie (ed.), Transition to modernity: 11-68. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1994. World linguistic diversity, Scientific American 268(7): 104-10.
54. RENFREW, C. 1987. Archaeology and language. London: Jonathan Cape. 1992a. Archaeology, genetics and linguistic diversity, Man (n.s.) 27: 445-78. 1992b. World languages and human dispersals: a minimalist view, in J.A. Hall & I.C. Jarvie (ed.), Transition to modernity: 11-68. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1994. World linguistic diversity, Scientific American 268(7): 104-10.
55. RENFREW, C. 1987. Archaeology and language. London: Jonathan Cape. 1992a. Archaeology, genetics and linguistic diversity, Man (n.s.) 27: 445-78. 1992b. World languages and human dispersals: a minimalist view, in J.A. Hall & I.C. Jarvie (ed.), Transition to modernity: 11-68. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1994. World linguistic diversity, Scientific American 268(7): 104-10.
56. ROBERTS, J.M., C.C. MOORE & A.K. ROMNEY. 1995. Predicting similarity in material culture among New Guinea villages from propinquity and language, Current Anthropology 36: 769-88.
57. ROSS, M. 1989. Early Oceanic linguistic prehistory, Journal of Pacific History 24: 135-49. 1991. Redefining Guy's sociolinguistic types of language change, Diachronica 8: 119-29.
58. ROSS, M. 1989. Early Oceanic linguistic prehistory, Journal of Pacific History 24: 135-49. 1991. Redefining Guy's sociolinguistic types of language change, Diachronica 8: 119-29.
59. ROWLANDS, M. 1994. Childe and the archaeology of freedom, in D. Harris (ed.), The archaeology of V. Gordon Childe: 35-54. London: UCL Press.
60. RUHLEN, M. 1987. A guide to the world's languages. Stanford (CA): Stanford University Press.
61. RUIZ-LINARES, A., E. MINCH, D. MEYER & L.L. CAVALLI-SFORZA. 1995. Analysis of classical DNA markers for reconstructing human population history, in S. Brenner & K. Hanihara (ed.), The origin and past of modern humans as viewed from DNA: 123-48. Singapore: World Scientific.
62. SCHOOLING, S. 1990. Language maintenance in New Caledonia. Dallas (TX): Summer Institute of Linguistics.
63. TERRELL, J. 1986. Prehistory in the Pacific Islands. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1988. History as a family tree, history as an entangled bank, Antiquity 62: 642-57.
64. TERRELL, J. 1986. Prehistory in the Pacific Islands. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1988. History as a family tree, history as an entangled bank, Antiquity 62: 642-57.
65. TERRELL, J., GOSDEN, C. & T. HUNT. In press. The dimensions of social life in the Pacific, Current Anthropology 38(2).
66. THOMASON, S. & T. KAUFMAN. 1988. Language contact, creolization and genetic linguistics. Berkeley (CA): University of California Press.
67. TILLOTSON, D. 1994. Who invented the Dayaks? Unpublished Ph.D thesis, Australian National University, Canberra.
68. TRUBETZKOY, N.S. 1939. Gedanken über das Indogermanen-problem, Acta Linguistica (Hafniensia) 1: 81-9.
69. UPHAM, S. 1994. Nomads of the Desert West: a shifting continuum in prehistory, Journal of World Prehistory 8: 113-68.
70. WARDHAUGH, R. 1987. Languages in competition. Oxford: Blackwell.
71. WELSCH, R.L., J. TERRELL & J.A. NADOLSKI. 1992. Language and culture on the North Coast of New Guinea, American Anthropologist 94: 568-600.
72. WELSCH, R. & J. TERRELL. 1994. Reply to Moore & Romney, American Anthropologist 96: 392-6.
73. WURM, S.A. 1991. Language death and disappearance, in R.H. Robins & E.M. Uhlenbeck (ed.), Endangered languages: 1-12. Oxford: Berg.
74. YOFFEE, N. 1990. Before Babel, Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 56: 299-314.
75. ZEITLIN, R.N. 1994. Accounting for the prehistoric long-distance movement of goods with a measure of style, World Archaeology 26: 208-34.