Patterning with magnetic materials at the micron scale

Chemistry of Materials

Volumn 8, Issue 6, 1996, Pages 1316-1325

  Palacin, Serge ^a   Hidber, Pirmin C ^a   Bourgoin, Jean Philippe ^b   Miramond, Corinne ^c   Fermon, Claude ^c   Whitesides, George M ^a  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b DIF   (France)

^c SERVICE DE PHYSIQUE DE L ETAT CONDENSÉ   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001342951     PISSN: 08974756     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/cm950587u     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Kumar, A.; Whitesides, G. M. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1993, 63, 2002.
2. Kumar, A,; Biebuyck, H. A.; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1994, 10, 1498.
3. Wilbur, J. L.; Kumar, A.; Kim, E.; Whitesides, G. M. Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 600.
4. Kim, E.; Xia, Y.; Whitesides, G. M. Nature 1995, 376, 581.
5. Xia, Y.; Kim, E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Etectrochem. Soc., in press.
6. Xia, Y.; Zhao, X.-M.; E., K.; Whitesides, G. M. Chem. Mater. in press.
7. Xia, Y.; E., K.; Mrksich, M.; Whitesides, G. M. Chem. Mater. submitted.
8. Xia, Y.; Mrksich, M.; Kim, E.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 9576.
9. Jeon, N. L.; Nuzzo, R. G.; Xia, Y.; Mrksich, M.; Whitesides, G M. Langmuir 1995, 11, 3024.
10. Jeon, N. L.; Clem, P. G.; Nuzzo, R. G.; Payne, D. A. in press.
11. Biebuyck, H. A.; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1994, 10, 4581.
12. Lopez, G P ; Biebuyck, H. A.; Frisbie, C. D.; Whitesides, G M. Science 1993, 260, 647.
13. Bunker, B. C.; Rieke, P. C.; Tarasevich, B. J.; Campbell, A. A.; Fryxell, G. E.; Graff, G. L.; Song, L.; Liu, J.; Virden, J. W.; McVay, G. L. Science 1994, 264, 48.
14. Rieke, P. C.; Tarasevich, B. J.; Wood, L. L.; Engelhard, M. H.; Baer, D. R.; Fryxell, G. E.; John, C. M.; Laken, D. A.; Jaehnig, M. C. Langmuir 1994, 10, 619.
15. Abbott, N. L.; Whitesides, G M Langmuir 1994, 10, 1493.
16. Biebuyck, H. A.; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1994, 10, 2790.
17. Gorman, C. B.; Biebuyck, H. A.; Whitesides, G. M. Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 252.
18. Kim, E.; Whitesides, G. M.; Lee, L. K.; Smith, S. P.; Prentiss, M. Adv. Mater., in press.
19. Stenger, D. A.; Georger, J. H.; Dulcey, C. S.; Hickman, J. J ; Rudolph, A. S.; Nielsen, T. B.; McCort, S. M.; Calvert, J. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 8435.
20. DiMilla, P. A.; Folkers, J. P.; Biebuyck, H. A.; Harter, R.; Lopez, G. P.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 2225.
21. Singhvi, R.; Kumar, A.; Lopez, G. P.; Stephanopoulos, G. N ; Wang, D. I. C.; Whitesides, G. M.; Ingber, D. E. Science 1994, 264, 696.
22. Mrksich, M.; Whitesides, G. M. Trends Biotechnol. 1995, 13, 228.
23. Gorman, C. B.; Biebuyck, H. A.; Whitesides, G. M. Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 526.
24. Abe, M.; Tamaura, Y., J. Appl. Phys., 1984, 55, 2614.
25. Abe, M.; Tanno, Y.; Tamaura, Y. J. Appl. Phys. 1985, 57, 3795.
26. Tamaura, Y.; Tanno, Y ; Abe, M. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1985, 58, 1500.
27. Abe, M.; Tamaura, Y.; Goto, Y.; Kitamura, N.; Gomi, M. J. Appl. Phys. 1987, 61, 3211.
28. Itoh, T.; Hori, S.; Abe, M. J. Appl. Phys. 1991, 69, 5911.
29. Abe, M.; Itoh, T.; Tamaura, Y. Thin Solid Films 1992, 216, 155.
30. Matijevic, E. Langmuir 1986, 2, 12.
31. Ocana, M.; Rodriguez-Clemente, R.; Serna, C. J. Adv. Mater. 1995, 7, 212.
32. Jolivet, J. P.; Massart, R.; Fruchart, J. M. Nouv. J. Chim. 1983, 7, 325.
33. Zhao, X. K.; Herve, P. J.; J. H. F. J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 908.
34. Sugimoto, T.; Matijevic, E. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1980, 74, 227.
35. Wooding, A.; Kilner, M.; Lambrick, D. B. IEEE Trans. Magn. 1988, 24, 1650.
36. Yokoi, H.; Yagishita, K.; Nakanishi, Y. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1990, 63, 746.
37. Elkafrawy, S.; Hoon, S. R.; Lambrick, D. B.; Bissell, P. R.; Price, C. IEEE Trans. Magn. 1990, 26, 1846.
38. Nguyen, M. T.; Diaz, A. F. Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 858.
39. The 30% were counted with respect to the original covered area. It is the decrease in size of each dot, whatever area of the hydrophilic region. The 60% were determined with respect to the area of the hydrophilic SAM; this means that the colloidal suspensions did not cover the entire hydrophilic area after dewetting.
40. Short-chain thiols do not replace long-chain thiolates in SAMs on gold. Bain, C. D.; Biebuyck, H. A.; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1989, 5, 723. Chidsey, C. E. D ; Bertozzi, C. R.; Putvinski, T. M ; Mujsce, A. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 4301. Collard, D. M.; Fox, M. A. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1192. Folkers, J. P.; Laibinis, P. E ; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1992, 8, 1330. Folkers, J. P.; Laibinis, P. E.; Whitesides, G. M.; Deutch, J. J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 563. Rowe, G K.; Creager, S. E. Langmuir 1994, 10, 1186.
41. Short-chain thiols do not replace long-chain thiolates in SAMs on gold. Bain, C. D.; Biebuyck, H. A.; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1989, 5, 723. Chidsey, C. E. D ; Bertozzi, C. R.; Putvinski, T. M ; Mujsce, A. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 4301. Collard, D. M.; Fox, M. A. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1192. Folkers, J. P.; Laibinis, P. E ; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1992, 8, 1330. Folkers, J. P.; Laibinis, P. E.; Whitesides, G. M.; Deutch, J. J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 563. Rowe, G K.; Creager, S. E. Langmuir 1994, 10, 1186.
42. Short-chain thiols do not replace long-chain thiolates in SAMs on gold. Bain, C. D.; Biebuyck, H. A.; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1989, 5, 723. Chidsey, C. E. D ; Bertozzi, C. R.; Putvinski, T. M ; Mujsce, A. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 4301. Collard, D. M.; Fox, M. A. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1192. Folkers, J. P.; Laibinis, P. E ; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1992, 8, 1330. Folkers, J. P.; Laibinis, P. E.; Whitesides, G. M.; Deutch, J. J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 563. Rowe, G K.; Creager, S. E. Langmuir 1994, 10, 1186.
43. Short-chain thiols do not replace long-chain thiolates in SAMs on gold. Bain, C. D.; Biebuyck, H. A.; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1989, 5, 723. Chidsey, C. E. D ; Bertozzi, C. R.; Putvinski, T. M ; Mujsce, A. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 4301. Collard, D. M.; Fox, M. A. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1192. Folkers, J. P.; Laibinis, P. E ; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1992, 8, 1330. Folkers, J. P.; Laibinis, P. E.; Whitesides, G. M.; Deutch, J. J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 563. Rowe, G K.; Creager, S. E. Langmuir 1994, 10, 1186.
44. Short-chain thiols do not replace long-chain thiolates in SAMs on gold. Bain, C. D.; Biebuyck, H. A.; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1989, 5, 723. Chidsey, C. E. D ; Bertozzi, C. R.; Putvinski, T. M ; Mujsce, A. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 4301. Collard, D. M.; Fox, M. A. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1192. Folkers, J. P.; Laibinis, P. E ; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1992, 8, 1330. Folkers, J. P.; Laibinis, P. E.; Whitesides, G. M.; Deutch, J. J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 563. Rowe, G K.; Creager, S. E. Langmuir 1994, 10, 1186.
45. Short-chain thiols do not replace long-chain thiolates in SAMs on gold. Bain, C. D.; Biebuyck, H. A.; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1989, 5, 723. Chidsey, C. E. D ; Bertozzi, C. R.; Putvinski, T. M ; Mujsce, A. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 4301. Collard, D. M.; Fox, M. A. Langmuir 1991, 7, 1192. Folkers, J. P.; Laibinis, P. E ; Whitesides, G. M. Langmuir 1992, 8, 1330. Folkers, J. P.; Laibinis, P. E.; Whitesides, G. M.; Deutch, J. J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 563. Rowe, G K.; Creager, S. E. Langmuir 1994, 10, 1186.
46. Bailar, J C., Emeleus, H J , Nyholm, R., Trotman-Dickenson, A. F., Eds. Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry; Pergamnon Press: New York, 1975; pp 1040-1041.
47. Kim, E.; Kumar, A.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Electrochem Soc 1995, 142, 628.
48. Babcock, K ; Dugas, M.; Manalis, S.; Elings, V Magnetic Force Microscopy: Recent Advances and Applications; in Demczyk, B G., Garfunkel, E., Clemens, B. M., Williams, E. D , Cuomo, J. J., Eds.; Materials Research Society: Pittsburgh, PA; pp 311-322.
49. Gruetter, P. Applications of Magnetic Force Microscopy; in Guentherodt, H. J., Anselmetti, D., Meyer, E., Eds.; Kluwer Academic Publisher: Dordrecht; pp 447-470.
50. In the "tapping mode", the cantilever is oscillated with a high amplitude (≈20 nm) near its resonance frequency and moved toward the surface of the sample until it begins to tap the surface; the topography is obtained directly by measuring the voltage required at the Z piezo to keep the amplitude of the oscillation of the cantilever constant.
51. The Nanoscope III uses an ac method for magnetic force detection which tracks shifts m the resonance properties (amplitude and phase) of an oscillating cantilever. The resonance frequency is decreased when the magnetic interaction is attractive and increased when it is repulsive. We used the phase detection mode at a constant driving frequency. Resonance shifts give rise to phase shifts which give an image of the magnetic force gradients.
52. Neel, L. Ann Geophys 1949, 5, 99.
53. Neel, L. Philos. Mag. Suppl 1955, 4, 191