Vigilance, patch use and habitat selection: Foraging under predation risk

Evolutionary Ecology Research

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 49-71

  Brown, Joel S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO   (United States)

Author keywords

Ecology of fear; Foraging theory; Giving up density; Habitat selection; Patch use; Predation risk; Quitting harvest rate; Time allocation; Vigilance

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001295491     PISSN: 15220613     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Abrams, P.A. 1991. Life history and the relationship between food availability and foraging effort. Ecology, 72: 1242-1252.
2. Bertram, B.C.R. 1978. Living in groups: Predators and prey. In Behavioural Ecology (J.R. Krebs and N.B. Davies, eds), pp. 64-96. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3. Bouskila, A. 1995. Interactions between predation risk and competition: A field study of kangaroo rats and snakes. Ecology, 76: 165-178.
4. Bowers, M.A., Jefferson, J.L. and Kuebler, M.G. 1993. Variation in giving-up densities of foraging chipmunks (Tamiar striatus) and squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis). Oikos, 66: 229-236.
5. Brown, J.S. 1988. Patch use as an indicator of habitat preference, predation risk, and competition. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., 22: 37-47.
6. Brown, J.S. 1989. Desert rodent community structure: A test of four mechanisms of coexistence. Ecol. Monogr., 59: 1-20.
7. Brown, J.S. 1992. Patch use under predation risk: I. Models and predictions. Ann Zool. Fenn., 29: 301-309.
8. Brown, J.S. and Alkon, P.U. 1990. Testing values of crested porcupine habitats by experimental food patches. Oecologia, 83: 512-518.
9. Brown, J.S. and Morgan, R.A. 1995. Effects of foraging behaviour and spatial scale on diet selectivity: A test with fox squirrels. Oikos, 74: 122-136.
10. Brown, J.S., Kotler, B.P., Smith, R.J. and Wirtz, W.O., II. 1988. The effects of owl predation on the foraging behaviour of heteromyid rodents. Oecologia, 76: 508-515.
11. Brown, J.S., Morgan, R.A. and Dow, B.D. 1992. Patch use under predation risk: II. A test with fox squirrels, Sciurusniger. Ann. Zool. Fenn., 29: 311-318.
12. Brown, J.S., Kotler, B.P. and Valone, T.J. 1994. Foraging under predation: A comparison of energetic and predation costs in a Negev and Sonoran Desert rodent community. Austr. J. Zool., 42: 435-448.
13. Cassini, M.H. 1991. Foraging under predation risk in the wild guinea pig, Cavia aperea. Oikos, 62: 20-24.
14. Chiang, A.C. 1974. Fundamental Methods of Mathematical Economics, 2nd edn. New York: McGraw Hill.
15. Cresswell, W. 1994. Flocking is an effective anti-predator strategy in redshanks, Tringa totanus. Anim. Behav., 47: 433-442.
16. Dehn, M.M. 1990. Vigilance for predators: Detection and dilution effects. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., 26: 337-342.
17. Dill, L.M. and Fraser, A.H.G. 1984. Risk of predation and the feeding behavior of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., 16: 65-71.
18. Dill, L.M. and Houtman, R. 1989. The influence of distance to refuge on flight initiation distance in the gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis). Can. J. Zool., 67: 233-235.
19. Fraser, D.F. and Gilliam, J.F. 1987. Feeding under predation hazard: Responses of the guppy and Hart's rivulus from sites with contrasting predation hazard. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., 21: 203-209.
20. Gilliam, J.F. and Fraser, D.F. 1987. Habitat selection under predation hazard: A test of a model with foraging minnows. Ecology, 68: 1856-1862.
21. Gilliam, J.F. and Fraser, D.F. 1988. Resource depletion and habitat segregation by competitors under predation hazard. In Size-structured Populations: Ecology and Evolution (B. Ebenman and L. Persson, eds), pp. 173-184. New York: Springer-Verlag.
22. Hassell, M.P. 1978. The Dynamics of Arthropod Predation. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
23. Holling, C.S. 1965. The functional response of predators to prey density and its role in mimicry and population regulation. Mem. Entomol. Soc. Can., 45: 1-60.
24. Holt, R.D. 1977. Predation, apparent competition, and the structure of prey communities. Theor. Pop. Biol., 12: 197-229.
25. Holt, R.D. and Lawton, J. 1994. The ecological consequences of shared predators. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 25: 495-520.
26. Hoogland, J.L. 1979. The effect of colony size on individual alertness of prairie dogs (Sciuridae: Cynomys spp.). Anim. Behav., 27: 394-407.
27. Houston, A.I., McNamara, J.M. and Hutchinson, J.M.C. 1993. General results concerning the trade-off between gaining energy and avoiding predation. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B, 341: 375-397.
28. Illius, A.W. and Fitzgibbon, C. 1994. Costs of vigilance in foraging ungulates. Anim. Behav., 47: 481-484.
29. Kotler, B.P. 1992. Behavioral resource depression and decaying perceived predation in two species of coexisting gerbils. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., 30: 239-244.
30. Kotler, B.P. and Brown, J.S. 1990. Harvest rates of two species of gerbilline rodents. J. Mammal., 71: 591-596.
31. Kotler, B.P., Brown, J.S. and Hasson, O. 1991. Owl predation on gerbils: The role of body size, illumination, and habitat structure on rates of predation. Ecology, 71: 2249-2260.
32. Kotler, B.P., Blaustein, L. and Brown, J.S. 1992. Predator facilitation: The combined effects of snakes and owls on the foraging behaviour of gerbils. Ann. Zool. Fenn., 29: 199-206.
33. Kotler, B.P., Brown, J.S., Slotow, R.H., Goodfriend, WL. and Strauss, M. 1993. The influence of snakes on the foraging behavior of gerbils. Oikos, 67: 309-316.
34. Lendrem, D.W. 1983. Predation risk and vigilance in blue tits (Parus caeruleus). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., 14: 9-13.
35. Levacov, D. 1996. Predation risk and the foraging behavior of the Indian crested porcupine (Hystrix indica). Unpublished MSc thesis, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel (in Hebrew).
36. Lima, S.L. 1988a. Vigilance and diet selection: The classical diet model reconsidered. J. Theor. Biol., 132: 127-143.
37. Lima, S.L. 1988b. Initiation and termination of daily feeding in dark-eyed juncos: Influences of predation risk and energy reserves. Oikos, 53: 12-26.
38. Lima, S.L. 1990. The influence of models on the interpretation of vigilance. In Interpretation and Explanation in the Study of Animal Behavior, Vol. II (M. Bekoff and D. Jamieson, eds), pp. 246-267. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
39. Lima, S.L. and Dill, L.M. 1990. Behavioral decisions made under the risk of predation: A review and prospectus. Can. J. Zool., 68: 619-640.
40. Lima, S.L., Valone, T.J. and Caraco, T. 1985. Foraging-efficiency - predation-risk trade-off in the grey squirrel. Anim. Behav., 33: 155-165.
41. McNamara, J.M. and Houston, A.I. 1992. Evolutionarily stable levels of vigilance as a function of group size. Anim. Behav., 43: 641-658.
42. Moody, A.L., Houston, A.I. and McNamara, J.M. 1996. Ideal free distributions under prédation risk. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., 38: 131-143.
43. Newman, J.A. 1991. Patch use under predation hazard: Foraging behavior in a simple stochastic environment. Oikos, 61: 29-44.
44. Newman, J.A., Recer, G.M., Zwicker, S.M. and Caraco, T. 1988. Effects of predation hazard on foraging 'constraints': Patch use strategies in grey squirrels. Oikos, 53: 93-97.
45. Nonacs, P. and Dill, L.M. 1990. Mortality risk versus food quality trade-offs in a common currency: Ant patch preferences. Ecology, 71: 1886-1892.
46. Powell, G.V.N. 1974. Experimental analysis of the social value of flocking in starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) in relation to predation and foraging. Anim. Behav., 22: 501-505.
47. Pulliam, H.R., Pyke, G.H. and Caraco, T. 1982. The scanning behaviour of juncos: A game theoretical approach. J. Theor. Biol., 95: 89-103.
48. Schaller, G.B. 1972. The Serengeti Lion: A Study of Predator-Prey Relations. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
49. Sullivan, K.A. 1984. Information exploitation by downy woodpeckers in mixed species flocks. Behaviour, 91: 294-311.