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There are of course other low-lying electronic states for the phenyl cation, in particular a biradical state identical to the triplet discussed here, but in which the two unpaired electrons are singlet rather than triplet paired. The geometry and energy of this state, as well as of other excited states not discussed in the present paper, have been computed in ref. 6a,b, were found to lie higher in energy than the two states considered here and were therefore neglected in discussing the chemistry and spectroscopy of the phenyl cation. Accordingly, we have assumed that the chemistry of the substituted phenyl cations is likewise dominated by the lowest singlet and triplet states and we have not considered other states.
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