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Volumn 113, Issue 24, 1991, Pages 9320-9329

Electrochemical Determination of the pKa of Weak Acids in N,N-Dimethylformamide

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EID: 0001185584     PISSN: 00027863     EISSN: 15205126     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ja00024a041     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (140)

References (53)
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    • Kolthoff, I. M., Elving, P. J., Eds.; Wiley: New York, Part 1
    • Treatise on Analytical Chemistry; Kolthoff, I. M., Elving, P. J., Eds.; Wiley: New York, 1979; Part 1, Vol. 2.
    • (1979) Treatise on Analytical Chemistry , vol.2
  • 2
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    • Coetzee, J. F., Ritchie, C. D., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, Chapter 4.
    • Ritchie, C. D. In Solute-Solvent Interactions; Coetzee, J. F., Ritchie, C. D., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1969; Vol. 1, Chapter 4.
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    • Ritchie, C.D.1
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    • Coetzee, J. F., Ritchie, C. D., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, Chapter 12.
    • Ritchie, C. D. In Solute-Solvent Interactions; Coetzee, J. F., Ritchie, C. D., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1976; Vol. 2, Chapter 12.
    • (1976) Solute-Solvent Interactions , vol.2
    • Ritchie, C.D.1
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    • Although the term “self-protonation” is, stricto sensu, incorrect since it does not refer to a proton-transfer reaction between two identical molecules, it is commonly employed by electrochemists to describe the proton-transfer reaction between an electrogenerated base and the parent compound.11a Although the occurrence of such a mechanism has been often reported or can be suspected on the basis of the electrochemical results, detailed kinetic studies have been reported only recently11c on the basis of pertinent theoretical treatments.11b,d-f
    • Although the term “self-protonation” is, stricto sensu, incorrect since it does not refer to a proton-transfer reaction between two identical molecules, it is commonly employed by electrochemists to describe the proton-transfer reaction between an electrogenerated base and the parent compound.11a Although the occurrence of such a mechanism has been often reported or can be suspected on the basis of the electrochemical results, detailed kinetic studies have been reported only recently11c on the basis of pertinent theoretical treatments.11b,d-f (a) Amatore, C.; Capobianco, G.; Farnia, G.; Sandonà, G.; Savéant, J. M.; Severin, M. G.; Vianello, E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 1815–1824.
    • (1985) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.107 , pp. 1815-1824
    • Amatore, C.1    Capobianco, G.2    Farnia, G.3    Sandonà, G.4    Savéant, J.M.5    Severin, M.G.6    Vianello, E.7
  • 27
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    • In line with the general electroreduction behavior of organic hal-ides,13a,b the overall reduction (1) is actually a multistep process, the rate being determined by the uptake of the first electron. The reductive bond cleavage reaction affords a radical which is reduced at the electrode as soon as it is produced, with formation of the carbanion. Bard, A. J., Lund, H., Eds.; Dekker: New York
    • In line with the general electroreduction behavior of organic hal-ides,13a,b the overall reduction (1) is actually a multistep process, the rate being determined by the uptake of the first electron. The reductive bond cleavage reaction affords a radical which is reduced at the electrode as soon as it is produced, with formation of the carbanion. (a) Hawley, M. D. In Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry of the Elements; Bard, A. J., Lund, H., Eds.; Dekker: New York, 1980; Vol. XIV.
    • (1980) Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry of the Elements , vol.14
    • Hawley, M.D.1
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    • Supplement D., Patai, S., Rappoport, Z., Eds.; Wiley: New York, Chapter 6
    • Becker, J. Y. In Chemistry of Functional Groups, Supplement D., Patai, S., Rappoport, Z., Eds.; Wiley: New York, 1983; Chapter 6, pp 203–285.
    • (1983) Chemistry of Functional Groups , pp. 203-285
    • Becker, J.Y.1
  • 35
    • 0040664359 scopus 로고
    • The pKa of formanilide in DMSO originally reported 20a to be 19.7 has been corrected to Bordwell's scale according to Petrov. 20b
    • The pKa of formanilide in DMSO originally reported 20a to be 19.7 has been corrected to Bordwell's scale according to Petrov. 20b (a) Kravtsov, D. N.; Peregudov, A. S.; Petrov, E. S.; Terekhova, M. I.; Shatenshtein, A. I. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Khim. 1981, 1259.
    • (1981) Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Khim. , pp. 1259
    • Kravtsov, D.N.1    Peregudov, A.S.2    Petrov, E.S.3    Terekhova, M.I.4    Shatenshtein, A.I.5
  • 40
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    • Accordingly, we performed some explorative third peak measurements with bromo amide 3 using an inert electrode surface such as that provided by the glassy carbon electrode. With this electrode, the difference between the potential of the first and second peak is significantly reduced with respect to the behavior at mercury, in particular owing to a negative shift of the first peak. Nevertheless, the results obtained with mercury were reproduced within the experimental error. However, the use of glassy carbon is unpractical because the potential difference between the two main peaks must be as large as possible in order to have a third peak current unaffected by the foot of the second peak. We also performed some measurements with bromo amides 2 and 3 using tetra-butylammonium perchlorate in place of TEAP. Although the nature of the supporting electrolyte affects the positions of both peaks, the outcome of the measurements reported in Table III was not altered, at least within the overall error on pKa.
    • The fact that the reduction of α-bromo amides is affected to some degree by the mercury electrode was taken into consideration. Accordingly, we performed some explorative third peak measurements with bromo amide 3 using an inert electrode surface such as that provided by the glassy carbon electrode. With this electrode, the difference between the potential of the first and second peak is significantly reduced with respect to the behavior at mercury, in particular owing to a negative shift of the first peak. Nevertheless, the results obtained with mercury were reproduced within the experimental error. However, the use of glassy carbon is unpractical because the potential difference between the two main peaks must be as large as possible in order to have a third peak current unaffected by the foot of the second peak. We also performed some measurements with bromo amides 2 and 3 using tetra-butylammonium perchlorate in place of TEAP. Although the nature of the supporting electrolyte affects the positions of both peaks, the outcome of the measurements reported in Table III was not altered, at least within the overall error on pKa.
    • The fact that the reduction of α-bromo amides is affected to some degree by the mercury electrode was taken into consideration.
  • 43
    • 0004284088 scopus 로고
    • Coetzee, J. F., Ritchie, C. D., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, Chapter 12.
    • Ritchie, C. D. In Solute-Solvent Interactions, Coetzee, J. F., Ritchie, C. D., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1976; Vol. 2, Chapter 12.
    • (1976) Solute-Solvent Interactions , vol.2
    • Ritchie, C.D.1
  • 45
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    • The originally reported ptC, values in DMSO27 have been corrected to Bordwell's scale19 by adding 0.9 pKa unit
    • The originally reported ptC, values in DMSO27 have been corrected to Bordwell's scale19 by adding 0.9 pKa unit, (a) Ludwig, M.; Pytela, O.; Vecera, M. Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 1984, 49, 2593–2601.
    • (1984) Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. , vol.49 , pp. 2593-2601
    • Ludwig, M.1    Pytela, O.2    Vecera, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.