Ruthenium catalysts for ammonia synthesis at high pressures: Preparation, characterization, and power-law kinetics

Applied Catalysis A: General

Volumn 151, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 443-460

  Rosowski, F ^a   Hornung, A ^a   Hinrichsen, O ^a   Herein, D ^a   Muhler, M ^a   Ertl, G ^a  

^a FRITZ HABER INSTITUT DER MAX PLANCK GESELLSCHAFT   (Germany)

Author keywords

High pressure NH3 synthesis; Kinetics; Non aqueous preparation; Ruthenium

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001180598     PISSN: 0926860X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0926-860X(96)00304-3     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. S.R. Tennison, in: Catalytic Ammonia Synthesis, 1st edn., (Ed.) J.R. Jennings (Plenum, New York, 1991) p. 303.
2. T.A. Czuppon, S.A. Knez, R.V. Schneider III and G. Worobets, Chem. Engineering, March 1993, presented at the 1993 AICHE Ammonia Safety Symposium, Sept. 1993, Orlando, Florida 100, 3 (1993) 19.
3. K. Lu and B.J. Tatarchuk, J. Catal., 106 (1987) 166.
4. W.K. Shiflett and J.A. Dumesic, Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam., 20 (1981) 246.
5. S. Murata and K.-I. Aika, Appl. Catal. A, 82 (1992) 1.
6. P. Moggi, G. Predieri, G. Albanesi, S. Papadopulos and E. Sappa, Appl. Catal., 53 (1989) LI.
7. S. Murata and K.-I. Aika, I. Catal., 136 (1992) 110.
8. K. Aika, T. Takano and S. Murata, J. Catal., 136 (1992) 126.
9. J.U. Nwalor and J.G. Goodwin Jr., Top. Catal., 1 (1994) 285.
10. A.K. Datye, A.D. Logan and N.J. Long, J. Catal., 109 (1988) 76.
11. R. Scholder and M. Mansmann, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 321 (1963) 246.
12. G. Busca, C. Cristiani, P. Forzatti and G. Groppi, Catal. Lett., 31 (1995) 65.
13. P. Moggi, G. Albanesi, G. Predieri and G. Spoto, Appl. Catal. A, 123 (1995) 145.
14. P.R. Holzman, W.K. Shiflett and J.A. Dumesic, J. Catal., 62 (1980) 167.
15. K. Aika, M. Kumasaka, T. Oma, O. Kato, H. Matsuda, N. Watanabe, K. Yamazaki, A. Ozaki and T. Onishi, Appl. Catal., 28 (1986) 57.
16. H. Baris, M. Glinski, J. Kijenski, A. Wokaun and A. Baiker, Appl. Catal., 28 (1986) 295.
17. Z. Kowalczyk, S. Jodzis and J. Sentek, Appl. Catal. A: General, 138 (1996) 83.
18. L.M. Aparicio and J.A. Dumesic, Top. Catal., 1 (1994) 233.
19. O. Hinrichsen, F. Rosowski, M. Muhler and G. Ertl, Chem. Engng Sci., Proc. of the 14th Int. Symposium on Chem. React. Engineering, 51 (1996) 1683.
20. O. Hinrichsen, F. Rosowski, A. Hornung, M. Muhler and G. Ertl, J. Catal., (1996) in press.
21. J.A. Dumesic, D.F. Rudd, L.M. Aparicio, J.E. Rekoske and A.A. Trevino, The Microkinetics of Heterogeneous Catalysis (ACS Professional Reference Book, Washington, DC, 1993).
22. H. Knözinger, Y. Zhao, B. Tesche, R. Earth, R. Epstein, B.C. Gates and J.P. Scott, Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc., 72 (1982) 53.
23. K. Eross-Kiss, S. Gal, M. Szerenyi and E. Pungor, Periodica Polytechnica, 20 (1976) 13.
24. R.A. Dalla Betta, J. Catal., 34 (1974) 57.
25. B. Fastrup and H.N. Nielsen, Catal. Lett., 14 (1992) 233.
26. K. Aika, K. Shimazaki, Y. Hattori, A. Ohya, S. Ohshima, K. Shirota and A. Ozaki, J. Catal., 92 (1985) 296.
27. A. Ozaki, H. Taylor and M. Boudart, Proc. Roy. Soc. A, 258 (1960) 47.
28. O. Hinrichsen, F. Rosowski, A. Homung, M. Muhler and G. Ertl, J. Catal., (1996) in press.
29. F. Rosowski, O. Hinrichsen, M. Muhler and G. Ertl, Catal. Lett., 36 (1996) 229.
30. M. Muhler, F. Rosowski, U. Wild, Z. Kowalczyk and G. Ertl, J. Phys. Chem., (1996) in press.
31. P.J. Shires, J.R. Cassata, E.G. Mandelik and C.P. Van Dijk, U.S. Patent 4,479,925 (1984) Oct. 30.
32. G.S. Benner, J.R. Le Blanc, J.M. Lee, H.P. Leftin, P.J. Shires and C.P. Van Dijk, U.S. Patent 4,568,532 (1986) Feb. 4.
33. A. Nielsen, An Investigation of Promoted Iron Catalysts for the Synthesis of Ammonia, 3rd edn., (Gjellerup, Copenhagen, 1968).