Evolution of primate cognition

Cognitive Science

Volumn 24, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 543-570

  Byrne, Richard W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001097929     PISSN: 03640213     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1207/s15516709cog2403_8     Document Type: Article

References (159)

1. Aiello L., Wheeler P. The expensive tissue hypothesis. Current Anthropology. 36:1995;199-221.
2. Aiello L.C., Dunbar R.I.M. Neocortex size, group size and the evolution of language. Current Anthropology. 34:1993;184-193.
3. Anderson J.R. Chimpanzees and capuchin monkeys comparative cognition . Russon A.E., Bard K.A., Parker S.T. Reaching into thought The minds of the great apes . 1996;23-56 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
4. Anderson J.R., Henneman M.C. Solutions to a tool-use problem in a pair of Cebus apella. Mammalia. 58:1994;351-361.
5. Armstrong E. Relative brain size and metabolism in mammals. Science. 220:1983;1302-1304.
6. Barkow J.H., Cosmides L., Tooby J. The adapted mind Evolutionary psychology and the generation of culture . 1992;Oxford University Press, Oxford.
7. Barton R., Dunbar R.I.M. Evolution of the social brain. Whiten A., Byrne R.W. Machiavellian intelligence II Extensions and evaluations . 1997;240-263 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
8. Barton R., Purvis A. Primate brains and ecology Looking beneath the surface . Anderson J.R., Roeder J.J., Thierry B., Herrenschmidt N. Proceedings of the 14th Congress of the International Primatological Society. 1994;Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg.
9. Barton, R. A. (1996). Neocortex size and behavioural ecology in primates. Proceedings of the Royal Society, B, 263, 173-177.
10. Barton, R. A., Purvis, A., & Harvey, P. H. (1995). Evolutionary radiation of visual and olfactory brain systems in primates, bats and insectivores. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, B, 348, 381-392.
11. Boesch C. Teaching among wild chimpanzees. Animal Behaviour. 41:1991;530-532.
12. Boesch C. Cooperative hunting in wild chimpanzees. Animal Behaviour. 48:1994;653-667.
13. Boesch C., Boesch H. Mental map in wild chimpanzees an analysis of hammer transports for nut cracking . Primates. 25:1984;160-170.
14. Brothers L. The social brain A project for integrating primate behavior and neurophysiology in a new domain . Concepts in Neuroscience. 1:1990;27-51.
15. Bruner J.S. Nature and uses of immaturity. American Psychologist. 27:1972;687-708.
16. Buss D.M. Sex differences in human mate preferences Evolutionary hypotheses tested in 37 cultures . Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 12:1989;1-49.
17. Byrne R.W. Do larger brains mean greater intelligence? Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 16:1993;696-697.
18. Byrne R.W. The evolution of intelligence. Slater P.J.B., Halliday T.R. Behaviour and evolution. 1994;223-265 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
19. Byrne R.W. The ape legacy The evolution of Machiavellian intelligence and interactive planning . Goody E.N. Social intelligence and interaction. 1995;37-52 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
20. Byrne R.W. The thinking ape Evolutionary origins of intelligence . 1995;Oxford University Press, Oxford.
21. Byrne R.W. Relating brain size to intelligence in primates. Mellars P.A., Gibson K.R. Modelling the early human mind. 1996;49-56 Macdonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge.
22. Byrne R.W. Machiavellian intelligence. Evolutionary Anthropology. 5:1997;172-180.
23. Byrne R.W. The technical intelligence hypothesis An additional evolutionary stimulus to intelligence? Whiten A., Byrne R.W. Machiavellian intelligence II Extensions and evaluations . 1997;289-311 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
24. Byrne, R. W. (1997). What's the use of anecdotes? Attempts to distinguish psychological mechanisms in primate tactical deception. In R. W. Mitchell, N. S. Thompson, & L. Miles (Eds.), Anthropomorphism, anecdotes, and animals: The emperor's new clothes? (pp. 134-150). New York: SUNY Press Biology and Philosophy.
25. Byrne R.W., Byrne J.M.E. Hand preferences in the skilled gathering tasks of mountain gorillas (Gorilla g. beringei). Cortex. 27:1991;521-546.
26. Byrne R.W., Byrne J.M.E. Complex leaf-gathering skills of mountain gorillas (Gorilla g. beringei) Variability and standarization . American Journal of Primatology. 31:1993;241-261.
27. Byrne R.W., Russon A. Learning by imitation a hierarchical approach . Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 21:1998;667-721.
28. Byrne R.W., Whiten A. Machiavellian intelligence Social expertise and the evolution of intellect in monkeys, apes and humans . 1988;Clarendon Press, Oxford.
29. Byrne R.W., Whiten A. Tactical deception in primates The 1990 data-base . Primate Report. 27:1990;1-101.
30. Byrne R.W., Whiten A. Computation and mindreading in primate tactical deception. Whiten A. Natural theories of mind. 1991;127-141 Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
31. Byrne R.W., Whiten A.W. Cognitive evolution in primates Evidence from tactical deception . Man. 27:1992;609-627.
32. Call J., Tomasello M. The effect of humans on the cognitive development of apes. Russon A., Bard K., Parker S. Reaching into thought The minds of the great apes . 1996;371-403 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
33. Call J., Tomasello M. Distinguishing intentional from accidental actions in orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus), chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), and human children (Homo sapiens). Journal of Comparative Psychology. 112:1998;192-206.
34. Caro T.M. Cheetahs of the Serengeti plains Grouping in an asocial species . 1994;University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
35. Caro T.M., Hauser M.D. Is there teaching in non-human animals? Quarterly Review of Biology. 67:1992;151-174.
36. Chance M.R.A., Mead A.P. Social behaviour and primate evolution. Symposia of the Society of Experimental Biology. 7:1953;395-439.
37. Chapais B. The role of alliances in social inheritance of rank among female primates. Harcourt A.H., de Waal F.B.M. Coalitions and alliances in humans and other primates. 1992;29-59 Oxford University Press, Oxford.
38. Cheney D.L., Seyfarth R.M. Recognition of individuals within and between groups of free-ranging vervet monkeys. American Zoologist. 22:1982;519-529.
39. Cheney D.L., Seyfarth R.M. Social and non-social knowledge in vervet monkeys. Byrne R.W., Whiten A. Machiavellian intelligence Social expertise and the evolution of intellect in monkeys, apes and humans . 1988;255-270 Clarendon Press, Oxford.
40. Cheney D.L., Seyfarth R.M. Attending to behaviour versus attending to knowledge examining monkeys' attribution of mental states . Animal Behaviour. 40:1990;742-753.
41. Cheney, D. L., & Seyfarth, R. M. (1990). How monkeys see the world: Inside the mind of another species. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
42. Cheney D.L., Seyfarth R.M., Smuts B.B. Social relationships and social cognition in nonhuman primates. Science. 234:1986;1361-1366.
43. Clutton-Brock T.H., Harvey P.H. Primates, brains and ecology. Journal of Zoology, London. 190:1980;309-323.
44. Cords M. Friendships, alliances, reciprocity and repair. Whiten A., Byrne R.W. Machiavellian intelligence II Extensions and evaluations . 1997;24-49 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
45. Cosmides L. The logic of social exchange Has natural selection shaped how humans reason? Studies with the Wason selection task . Cognition. 31:1989;187-276.
46. Custance, D. M., Whiten, A., & Bard, K. A. (1995). Can young chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) imitate arbitrary actions? Hayes & Hayes (1952) revisited. Behaviour, 132, 11-12.
47. Daly M., Wilson M. Killing the competition. Human Nature. 1:1990;83-109.
48. Daly, M., & Wilson, M. I. (1996). Violence against stepchildren. American Psychological Society, 77-81.
49. Datta S.B. Patterns of agonistic interference. Hinde R.A. Primate social relationships An integrated approach . 1983;289-297 Blackwell, Oxford.
50. Datta S.B. Relative power and the acquisition of rank. Hinde R.A. Primate social relationships An integrated approach . 1983;93-103 Blackwell, Oxford.
51. Dawkins R. The blind watchmaker. 1986;Longman, London & New York.
52. de Waal F. Chimpanzee politics. 1982;Jonathan Cape, London.
53. de Waal F., van Roosmalen A. Reconciliation and consolation among chimpanzees. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 5:1979;55-56.
54. Deacon T.W. Fallacies of progression in theories of brain-size evolution. International Journal of Primatology. 11:1990;193-236.
55. Dunbar R.I.M. Primate social systems. 1988;Croom Helm, London.
56. Dunbar R.I.M. Neocortex size as a constraint on group size in primates. Journal of Human Evolution. 20:1992;469-493.
57. Dunbar R.I.M. Neocortex size and group size in primates A test of the hypothesis . Journal of Human Evolution. 28:1995;287-296.
58. Fodor J.A. The modularity of mind. 1983;MIT Press, Cambridge MA.
59. Foley R. The adaptive legacy of human evolution A search for the the environment of evolutionary adaptedness . Evolutionary Anthropology. 4:1996;194-203.
60. Forsyth-Major, C. I. (1897). Proceedings of the Royal Society, 62, 46-50.
61. Fouts R.S., Fouts D.H., Van Cantford T.E. The infant Loulis learns signs from cross-fostered chimpanzees. Gardner R.A., Gardner B.T., Van Cantford T.E. Teaching sign language to chimpanzees. 1989;280-292 State University of New York Press, New York.
62. Fox E., Sitompul A., Van Schaik C.P. Intelligent tool use in wild Sumatran orangutans. Parker S.T., Miles H.L., Mitchell R.W. The mentality of gorillas and orangutans. 1999;99-116 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
63. Fruth B., Hohmann G. Nest building behavior in the great apes. McGrew W.C., Marchant L.F., Nishida T. Great ape societies. 1996;225-240 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
64. Galef, B. G. (1988). Imitation in animals: History, definitions, and interpretation of data from the psychological laboratory. In T. Zentall & B. G. Galef, Jnr. (Eds.), Social learning: Psychological and biological perspectives (pp. 3-28). Hillsdale, New Jersey: Erlbaum.
65. Gallup G.G. Jr. Chimpanzees self-recognition . Science. 167:1970;86-87.
66. Gallup G.G. Jr. Self-awareness and the emergence of mind in primates. American Journal of Primatology. 2:1982;237-248.
67. Goodall J. The chimpanzees of Gombe Patterns of behavior . 1986;Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
68. Goodman M., Bailey W.J., Hayasaka K., Stanhope M.J., Slightom J., Czelusniak J. Molecular evidence on primate phylogeny from DNA sequences. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 94:1994;3-24.
69. Gould, S. J. (1979). The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme. Proceedings of the Royal Society, B, 205, 581-598.
70. Harcourt A.H., de Waal F.B. Coalitions and alliances in humans and other animals. 1992;Oxford University Press, Oxford.
71. Harvey P.H., Clutton-Brock T.H. Life history variation in primates. Evolution. 39:1985;559-581.
72. Harvey P.H., Pagel M. The comparative method in evolutionary biology. 1991;Oxford University Press, Oxford.
73. Hauser M. Artifactual kinds and functional design features what a primate understands without language . Cognition. 64:1997;285-308.
74. Hauser M.D., Kralik J., Botto C., Garett M., Oser J. Self-recognition in primates Phylogeny and the salience of species-typical traits . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 92:1995;10811-10814.
75. Hauser, M. D., & Santos, L. (1998). Monkey mentalists or behaviorists? Results from a false belief test. Paper presented at the XVIIth Congress of the International Primatological Society, August 10-14, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar.
76. Hennig W. Phylogenetic systematics. 1966;Illinois Press, Urbana.
77. Heyes C.M. Anecdotes, training, trapping and triangulating do animals attribute mental states? Animal Behaviour. 46:1993;177-188.
78. Humphrey N.K. The social function of intellect. Bateson P.P.G., Hinde R.A. Growing points in ethology. 1976;303-317 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.
79. Jacobs G.H. Variations in primate colour vision Mechanisms and utility . Evolutionary Anthropology. 3:1994;196-205.
80. Jerison H.J. Evolution of the brain and intelligence. 1973;Academic Press, New York.
81. Jolly A. Prosimians' manipulation of simple object problems. Animal Behaviour. 12:1964;560-571.
82. Jolly A. Lemur social behaviour and primate intelligence. Science. 153:1966;501-506.
83. Jones S., Martin R.D., Pilbeam D. The Cambridge encyclopaedia of human evolution. 1992;Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
84. Karmiloff-Smith A. Beyond modularity A developmental perspective on cognitive science . 1993;Bradford/M.I.T, Massachusetts.
85. Kim H.-S., Takenaka O. A comparison of TSPY genes from Y chromosomal DNA of the great apes and humans Sequence, evolution, and phylogeny . American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 100:1996;301-309.
86. Köhler M., Moya-Sola S. Ape-like or hominid-like? The positional behavior of Oreopithecus bambolii reconsidered. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 94:1997;11747-11750.
87. Krings M., Stone A., Schmitz R.W., Krainitzki H., Stoneking M., Paabo S. Neanderthal DNA sequences and the origin of modern humans. Cell. 90:1997;19-30.
88. Kummer H. Social knowledge in free-ranging primates. Griffin D.R. Animal mind - human mind. 1982;Springer-Verlag, New York.
89. Mackinnon J. The ape within us. 1978;Collins, London.
90. Maestripieri D. First steps in the macaque world Do rhesus mothers encourage their infants independent locomotion? Animal Behaviour. 49:1995;1541-1549.
91. Maestripieri D. Maternal encouragement of infant locomotion in pigtail macaques. Animal Behaviour. 51:1996;603-610.
92. Marino L. What can dolphins tell us about primate evolution? Evolutionary Anthropology. 5:1996;81-85.
93. Martin R.D. Primate origins and evolution. 1990;Chapman Hall, London.
94. McGrew W.C. Why is ape tool use so confusing? Standen V., Foley R.A. Comparative socioecology The behavioural ecology of humans and other mammals . 1989;457-472 Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
95. McGrew W.C. Chimpanzee material culture Implications for human evolution . 1992;Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
96. McGrew W.C., Tutin C.E.G., Baldwin P.J. Chimpanzees, tools and termites cross-cultural comparison of Senegal, Tanzania and Rio Muni . Man. 14:1979;185-214.
97. Mellars P.A., Stringer C. The human revolution Behavioural and biological perspectives on the origins of modern humans . 1989;Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
98. Meltzoff A. The human infant as imitative generalist A 20-Year Progress Report on Infant Imitation with Implications for Comparative Psychology . Galef B.G., Heyes C.M. Social learning in animals The roots of culture . 1996;347-370 Academic Press, New York.
99. Meltzoff A.N. Infant imitation and memory Nine-month-olds in immediate and deferred tests . Child Development. 59:1988;217-225.
100. Meltzoff A.N., Gopnik A. The role of imitation in understanding persons and developing a theory of mind. Baron-Cohen S., Tager-Flusberg H., Cohen D.J. Understanding other minds Perspectives from autism . 1993;335-366 Oxford University Press, Oxford.
101. Milton K. Distribution patterns of tropical plant foods as a stimulus to primate mental development. American Anthropologist. 83:1981;534-548.
102. Milton K. Foraging behaviour and the evolution of intellect in monkeys, apes and humans. Byrne R.W., Whiten A. Machiavellian intelligence Social expertise and the evolution of intellect in monkeys, apes and humans . 1988;285-305 Clarendon Press, Oxford.
103. Mitchell R.W. Mental models of mirror-self-recognition Two theories . New Ideas in Psychology. 11:1993;295-325.
104. Mithen S. The prehistory of the mind. 1996;Thames & Hudson, London & New York.
105. Mountain J. Molecular evolution and modern human origins. Evolutionary Anthropology. 7:1998;21-37.
106. Oakley K.P. Man the tool maker. 1949;Trustees of the British Museum, London.
107. Packer C. Reciprocal altruism in olive baboons. Nature. 265:1977;441-443.
108. Parker S.T. Apprenticeship in tool-mediated extractive foraging The origins of imitation, teaching and self-awareness in great apes . Russon A., Bard K., Parker S.T. Reaching into thought. 1996;348-370 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
109. Parker S.T., Gibson K.R. A developmental model for the evolution of language and intelligence in early hominids. Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 2:1979;367-408.
110. Parker S.T., Mitchell R.W., Boccia M.L. Self-awareness in animals and humans Developmental perspectives . 1994;Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
111. Passingham R.E. Primate specializations in brain and intelligence. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London. 46:1981;361-388.
112. Patterson F.G.B., Cohn R.H. Self-recognition and self-awareness in lowland gorillas. Parker S.T., Mitchell R.W., Boccia M.L. Self-awareness in animals and humans Developmental perspectives . 1994;273-290 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
113. Pawlowski B., Lowen C.B., Dunbar R.I.M. Neocortex size, social skills and mating success in primates. Behaviour. 135:1998;357-368.
114. Perrett D.I., Harries M.H., Bevan R., Thomas S., Benson P.J., Mistlin A.J., Chitty A.J., Hietanen J.K., Ortega J.E. Frameworks of analysis for the neural representations of animate objects and actions. Journal of Experimental Biology. 146:1989;87-113.
115. Povinelli D.J., Cant J.G.H. Arboreal clambering and the evolution of self-conception. Quarterly Journal of Biology. 70:1995;393-421.
116. Povinelli D.J., Nelson K.E., Boysen S.T. Comprehension of role reversal in chimpanzees Evidence of empathy? Animal Behaviour. 43:1992;633-640.
117. Povinelli D.J., Parks K.A., Novak M.A. Do rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) attribute knowledge and ignorance to others? Journal of Comparative Psychology. 105:1991;318-325.
118. Premack D., Woodruff G. Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind? Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 4:1978;515-526.
119. Ridley M. Evolution and classification The reformation of cladism . 1986;Longman, London.
120. Ridley M. Evolution. 1993;Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
121. Russon A.E. Imitation in everyday use matching and rehearsal in the spontaneous imitation of rehabilitant orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) . Russon A.E., Bard K.A., Parker S.T. Reaching into thought The minds of the great apes . 1996;152-176 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
122. Russon A.E., Galdikas B.M.F. Imitation in free-ranging rehabilitant oragutans. Journal of Comparative Psychology. 107:1993;147-161.
123. Russon A.E., Galdikas B.M.F. Constraints on great ape imitation model and action selectivity in rehabilitant orangutan (Pongo pymaeus) imitation . Journal of Comparative Psychology. 109:1995;5-17.
124. Sarich V., Wilson A. Immunological time scale for hominid evolution. Science. 158:1967;1200-1203.
125. Savage-Rumbaugh E.S., Murphy J., Sevcik R.A., Brakke K.E., Williams S.L., Rumbaugh D.M. Language comprehension in ape and child. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development. 58:1993;1-252.
126. Schaller G.B. The mountain gorilla. 1963;Chicago University Press, Chicago.
127. Seyfarth R., Cheney D. Grooming alliances and reciprocal altruism in vervet monkeys. Nature. 308:1984;541-542.
128. Shea B.T. Phyletic size change and brain/body allometry a consideration based on the African pongids and other primates . International Journal of Primatology. 4:1983;33-61.
129. Smuts B.B. Special relationships between adult male and female olive baboons Selective advantages . Hinde R.A. Primate social relationships. 1983;262-266 Blackwell, Oxford.
130. Smuts B.B. Sex and friendship in baboons. 1985;Aldine Hawthorn, New York.
131. Spence K.W. Experimental studies of learning and higher mental processes in infra-human primates. Psychological Bulletin. 34:1937;806-850.
132. Stephan H., Frahm H., Baron G. New and revised data on the brain structures in insectivores and primates. Folia primatologica. 35:1981;1-29.
133. Stringer C., Gamble C. In search of the Neanderthals. 1993;Thames & Hudson, London & New York.
134. Strum, S. C. (1983). Use of females by male olive baboons (Papio anubis). American Journal of Primatology, 5, 93-109.
135. Tanner J.E., Byrne R.W. Representation of action through iconic gesture in a captive lowland gorilla. Current Anthropology. 37:1996;162-173.
136. Tattersall I. The fossil trail. How we know what we think we know about human evolution. 1995;Oxford University Press, Oxford.
137. Teleki G. The predatory behaviour of wild chimpanzees. 1973;Bucknell University Press, East Brunswick, NJ.
138. Tomasello M., Call J. Primate cognition. 1997;Oxford University Press, New York.
139. Tomasello M., Call J., Nagell C., Olguin R., Carpenter M. The learning and use of gestural signals by young chimpanzees A trans-generational study . Primates. 35:1994;137-154.
140. Tomasello M., Gust D., Frost T.A. A longitudinal investigation of gestural communication in young chimpanzees. Primates. 30:1989;35-50.
141. Tomasello M., Savage-Rumbaugh E.S., Kruger A.C. Imitative learning of actions on objects by children, chimpanzees, and enculturated chimpanzees. Child Development. 64:1993;1688-1705.
142. Tooby J., Cosmides L. The psychological foundations of culture. Barkow J.H., Cosmides L., Tooby J. The adapted mind. 1992;19-136 Oxford University Press, New York.
143. Toth N., Schick K.D., Savage-Rumbaugh E.S., Sevcik R.A., Rumbaugh D.M. Pan the tool-maker Investigations into the stone-tool-making and tool-using capabilities of a bonobo (Pan paniscus) . Journal of Archaeological Science. 20:1993;81-91.
144. van Schaik C.P. Why are diurnal primates living in groups? Behaviour. 87:1983;120-147.
145. van Schaik C.P., Fox E.A., Sitompul A.F. Manufacture and use of tools in wild Sumatran orangutans. Implications for human evolution. Naturwissenschaften. 83:1996;186-188.
146. Visalberghi E., Fragaszy D.M. Do monkeys ape? Parker S.T., Gibson K.R. "Language" and intelligence in monkeys and apes. 1990;247-273 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
147. Visalberghi E., Limongelli L. Lack of comprehension of cause-effect relationships in tool-using capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella). Journal of Comparative Psychology. 103:1994;15-20.
148. Visalberghi E., Trinca L. Tool use in capuchin monkeys Distinguishing between performing and understanding . Primates. 30:1987;511-521.
149. Waddell P.J., Penny D. Evolutionary trees of apes and humans from DNA sequences. Lock A.J., Peters C.R. Handbook of symbolic evolution. 1996;53-73 Clarendon Press, Oxford.
150. Westergaard C.G., Fragaszy D. The manufacture and use of tools by capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella). Journal of Comparative Psychology. 101:1987;159-168.
151. White T.D., Suwa G., Asfaw B. Australopithecus ramidus, a new species of early hominid from Aramis, Ethiopia. Nature. 371:1994;306-312.
152. Whiten A. Imitation of the sequential structure of actions by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Journal of Comparative Psychology. 112:1998;270-281.
153. Whiten A. Parental encourangement in Gorilla in comparative perspective implications for social cognition and the evolution of teaching . Parker S.T., Miles H.L., Mitchell R.W. The mentality of gorillas and orangutans. 1999;342-365 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
154. Whiten A., Byrne R.W. Taking Machiavellian intelligence apart. Byrne R.W., Whiten A. Machiavellian intelligence Social expertise and the evolution of intellect in monkeys, apes and humans . 1988;50-65 Oxford University Press, Oxford.
155. Whiten A., Byrne R.W. The emergence of metarepresentation in human ontogeny and primate phylogeny. Whiten A. Natural theories of mind Evolution, development and simulation of everyday mindreading . 1991;267-281 Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
156. Whiten A., Ham R. On the nature and evolution of imitation in the animal kingdom reappraisal of a century of research . Slater P.J.B., Rosenblatt J.S., Beer C., Milinski M. Advances in the study of behavior. 1992;239-283 Academic Press, San Diego.
157. Wilson M., Daly M. The man who mistook his wife for a chattel. Barkow J.H., Cosmides L., Tooby J. The adapted mind. 1992;289-322 Oxford University Press, New York.
158. Wright R.V.S. Imitative learning of a flaked-tool technology The case of an orangutan . Mankind. 8:1972;296-306.
159. Wynn T. Tools and the evolution of human intelligence. Byrne R.W., Whiten A. Machiavellian intelligence Social expertise and the evolution of intellect in monkeys, apes and humans . 1988;271-284 Clarendon Press, Oxford.