Subsidiary embeddedness and control in the multinational corporation

International Business Review

Volumn 5, Issue 5, 1996, Pages 487-508

  Andersson, Ulf ^a   Forsgren, Mats ^b  

^a UPPSALA UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b Department of International Economics and Management   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Control; Embeddedness; Multinational Corporation; Resource Dependence

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001034379     PISSN: 09695931     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0969-5931(96)00023-6     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Aldrich, H. E. (1979) Organizations and Environment. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
2. Aldrich, H. E. and Whetten, D. A. (1981) Organization-sets, Action-sets and Networks: Making the Most of Simplicity, in Nyström, P. and Starbuck, W. (Eds), Handbook of Organizational Design, pp. 385-408. Free Press, New York.
3. Andersson, U. and Forsgren, M. (1994) Degree of sntegration in Some Swedish MNCs, Working Paper, Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University.
4. Andersson, U. and Forsgren, M. (1995) Using Networks to Determine Multinational Parental Control of Subsidiaries, in Paliwoda, S. J. and Ryans, J. K. (Eds) International Marketing Reader, Routledge, London.
5. Astley, G. and Sachdewa, P. (1984) Structural Sources of Intraorganizational Power. A Theoretical Synthesis. Academy of Management Review, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 104-113.
6. Axelsson, B. and Easton, G. (1992) Industrial Networks: A New View of Reality. Routledge, London.
7. Baliga, R. and Jaeger, A. M. (1984) Multinational Corporations: Control Systems and Delegation Issues, Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 25-40.
8. Bartlett, C. A. and Ghoshal, S. (1989) Managing Across Borders: The Transnational Solution. Harvard Business School Press, Boston.
9. Bartlett, C. A. and Ghoshal, S. (1995) Changing the Role of Top Management. Harvard Business Review, May-June.
10. Carmines and Zeller (1979) Reliability and Validity Assessment. Sage cop. Beverly Hills.
11. Chakravarty, B. S. and Doz, Y. (1992) Strategy Process Research: Focusing on Corporate Self-Renewal, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 13, pp. 5-14.
12. Cook, K. S. (1977) Exchange and Power in Networks of Interorganisational Relations. Sociological Quarterly, No. 18, pp. 62-82.
13. Cray, D. (1984) Control and Coordination in Multinational Corporations. Journal of International Business Studies, Fall.
14. Doz, Y. and Prahalad, C. K. (1981) Headquarters Influence and Strategic Control in MNCs. Sloan Management Review, Fall.
15. Doz, Y. and Prahalad, C. K. (1993) Managing DMNCs: A Search for a New Paradigm, in Ghoshal, S. and Westney, D. E. (Eds), Organization Theory and the Multinational Corporation. St. Martins Press, New York.
16. Doz, Y., Prahalad, C. K. and Hamel, G. (1990) Control, Change and Flexibility: the Dilemma of Transnational Collaboration, in Bartlett, C. A., Doz, Y. and Hedlund, G. (Eds), Managing the Global Firm. Routledge, London.
17. Edström, A. and Galbraith, J. (1977) Transfer of Managers as a Coordination and Control Strategy in Multinational Organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 22.
18. Egelhoff, W. G. (1984) Patterns of Couhol in U.S., U.K. and European Multinational Corporations. Journal of International Business Studies, Fall, pp. 78-83.
19. Egelhoff, W. G. (1988) Organizing the Multinational Enterprise - An Information-processing Perspective. Ballinger Publisher Company, Cambridge, MA.
20. Etzioni, A. (1961) A Comparative Analysis of Complex Organizations. Free Press, Glencoe, IL.
21. Flamholtz, E. G. and Das, T. K. (1985) Toward an Integrative Framework of Organizational Control. Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 35-50.
22. Forsgren, M. (1989) Managing the Internationalization Process. The Swedish Case. Routledge, London.
23. Forsgren, M. (1990) Managing the International Multi-centre Firm: Case Studies from Sweden. European Management Journal, Vol. 8, pp. 261-267.
24. Forsgren, M. and Johanson, J. (1992) Managing in International Multi-Centre Firms, in Forsgren, M. and Johanson, J. (Eds), Managing Networks in International Business. Gordon & Breach, Philadelphia.
25. Forsgren, M., Holm, U. and Johanson, J. (1995) Division Headquarters go Abroad - A Step in the Internationalization of the Multinational Corporation. Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 32, No. 4, July.
26. Ghoshal, S. and Bartlett, C. A. (1990) The Multinational Corporation as an Interorganisational Network. Academy of Management Review, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 603-625.
27. Ghoshal, S. and Bartlett, C. A. (1993) The Multinational Corporation as an Interorganisational Network, in Ghoshal, S. and Westney, E. D. (Eds), Organization Theory and the Multinational Corporation. St. Martins Press, New York.
28. Ghoshal, S. and Nohria, N. (1989) Internal Differentiation within Multinational Corporations. Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 10, pp. 323-337.
29. Ghoshal, S. and Westney E. D. (1993) Introduction and Overview, in Ghoshal, S. and Westney E. D. (Eds), Organization Theory and the Multinational Corporation. St. Martins Press, New York.
30. Gupta, A. K. and Govindarajan, V. (1991) Knowledge Flows and the Structure of Control within Multinational Corporations, Academy of Management Review, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 768-792.
31. Gupta, A. K. and Govindarajan, V. (1994) Organizing for Knowledge Flows within MNCs. International Business Review, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 443-457.
32. Grabher, G. (1993) Rediscovering the Social in the Economics of Interfirm Relations, in Grabher, G. (Ed), The Embedded Firm. Routledge, London.
33. Grandori, A. and Soda, G. (1995) Inter-firm Networks: Antecedents, Mechanisms and Forms. Organizational Studies, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 183-214.
34. Granovetter, M. (1985) Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness. American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 91, No. 3, pp. 481-510.
35. Hallén, L., Johanson, J. and Sayed-Mohamed, N. (1991) Interfirm Adaptations in Business Relationships. Journal of Marketing, Vol. 55, pp. 29-37.
36. Hedlund, G. and Rolander, D. (1990) Action in Heterarchies - New Approaches to Managing the MNC, in Bartlett, C. A., Doz, Y. and Hedlund, G. (Eds), Managing the Global Firm. Routledge, London.
37. Holm, U., Johanson, J. and Thilenius, P. (1995) HQ Knowledge of Subsidiary Network Contexts in the MNC. International Studies of Management and Organization, Vol. 25, Nos 1-2, pp. 97-119.
38. Håkansson, H. (1989) Corporate Technological Behaviour: Co-operation and networks. Routledge, London.
39. Håkansson, H. and Johanson J. (1993) Networks as a Governance Structure, in Grabher, E. (Ed), The Embedded Firm: on the Socioeconomics of Industrial Networks. Routledge, London.
40. Jacobs, D. (1974) Dependency and Vulnerability: An Exchange Approach to the Control of Organizations. Academy Science Quarterly, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 45-59.
41. Jemison, D. A. and Sitkin, S. (1986) Corporate Acquisitions: A Process Perspective. Academy of Management Review, Vol. 11, pp. 145-163.
42. Kitching, J. (1967) Why Do Mergers Miscarry? Harvard Business Review, November-December, pp. 84-101.
43. Kogut, B. (1985) Designing Global Strategies: Profiting from Operational Flexibility. Sloan Management Review, Fall.
44. Krackhardt, D. (1990) Assessing the Political Landscape: Structure, Cognition and Power in Organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 35, pp. 342-360.
45. Larsson, A. (1985) Structure and Change: Power in Transnational Enterprise. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, GOTAB, Stockholm.
46. Martinez, J. and Jarillo, C. (1989) The Evolution of Research on Coordination Mechanisms, in Multinational Corporations. Journal of International Business Studies, Fall.
47. Merchant, K. A. (1985) Organizational Controls and Discretionary Program Decision Making: a Field Study. Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 67-85.
48. Nunnally, J. C. (1978) Psychometric Theory, 2nd edn, McGraw-Hill, New York.
49. Olie, R. (1994) Shades of Culture and Institutions in International Mergers. Organization Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3.
50. Pfeffer, J. (1981) Power in Organizations. Pitman Books Ltd, Marschfield, MA.
51. Pfeffer, J. and Salancik, G. R. (1978) The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective. Harper & Row, New York.
52. Porter, M. E. (1985) Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance, Free Press, New York.
53. Rosenzweig, P. M. and Singh, J. (1991) Organizational Environments and the Multinational Enterprise, Academy of Management Review, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 340-361.
54. Snehota, I. (1990) Notes on a Theory of Business Enterprise. (Dissertation) Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University.
55. Tannenbaum, A. S. (1968) Control in Organizations. McGraw-Hill, New York.
56. Tichy, N. M., Tushman, M. L. & Fombrun, C. (1979) Social Network Analysis for Organizations. Academy of Management Review, Vol. 4, pp. 507-519.
57. Youchtman, E. and Seashore, S. E. (1967) A System Resource Approach to Organizational Effectiveness. American Sociological Review, Vol. 32, No. 6, pp. 891-903.