The advantages of an unsteady panel method in modelling the aerodynamic forces on rigid flapping wings

Journal of Experimental Biology

Volumn 199, Issue 5, 1996, Pages 1073-1083

  Smith, Michael J C ^a   Wilkin, Peter J ^b   Williams, Marc H ^a  

^a Purdue University   (United States)

^b PURDUE UNIVERSITY CALUMET   (United States)

Author keywords

Insect flight; Panel method; Unsteady aerodynamics

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001014272     PISSN: 00220949     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. AHMADI, A. R. AND WIDNALL, S. E. (1986). Energetics and optimum motion of oscillating lifting surfaces of finite span. J. Fluid Mech. 162, 261-282.
2. ALBANO, E. AND RODDEN, W. P. (1969). A doublet-lattice method for calculating lift distributions on oscillating surfaces in subsonic flows, AIAA J. 7, 279-285.
3. ARCHER, R. D., SAPPUPO, J. AND BETTERIDGE, D. J. (1979). Propulsive characteristics of flapping wings. Aeronaut. J. 83, 355-371.
4. ASHBY, D. L., DUDLEY, M. R. AND IGUCHI, S. K. (1988). Development and validation of an advanced low-order panel method. NASA, TM 101024.
5. ASHLEY, H. AND LANDAHL, M. (1985). Aerodynamics of Wings and Bodies. New York: Dover Publications, Inc.
6. AZUMA, A., AZUMA, S., WATANABE, I. AND FURUTA, T. (1985). Flight mechanics of a dragonfly. J. exp. Biol. 116, 79-107.
7. AZUMA, A. AND WATANABE, T. (1988). Flight performance of a dragonfly. J. exp. Biol. 137, 221-252.
8. BETTERIDGE, D. S. AND ARCHER, R. D. (1974). A study of the mechanics of flapping flight. Aeronaut. Q. 25, 129-142.
9. BRODSKY, A. K. (1991). Vortex formation in the tethered flight of the peacock butterfly Inachis io L. (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) and some aspects of insect flight evolution. J. exp Biol. 161, 77-95.
10. DELAURIER, J. D. (1993). An aerodynamic model for flapping-wing flight. Aeronaut. J. 97, 125-130.
11. DELAURIER, J. D. AND HARRIS, J. M. (1993). A study of mechanical flapping-wing flight. Aeronaut. J. 97, 277-286.
12. DUDLEY, R. (1991). Biomechanics of flight in neotropical butterflies: aerodynamics and mechanical power requirements. J. exp. Biol. 159, 335-357.
13. ELLINGTON, C. P. (1980). Vortices and hovering flight. Beitrag zu Struktur und Funktion biologischer Antriebsmechanismen. Instationare Effekte an schwingenden Tierflugeln.
14. ELLINGTON, C. P. (1984). The aerodynamics of hovering insect flight. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 305, 1-181.
15. ELLINGTON, C. P. (1991). Limitations on animal flight performance. J. exp. Biol. 160, 71-91.
16. FRIEDMANN, P. P. (1983). Formulation and solution of rotarywing aeroelastic stability and response problems. Vertica 7, 101-141.
17. FRIEDMANN, P. P. (1987). Recent trends in rotary-wing aeroelasticity. Vertica 11, 139-170.
18. GRODNITSKY, D. L. AND MOROZOV, P. P. (1993). Vortex formation during tethered flight of functionally and morphologically two-winged insects, including evolutionary considerations on insect flight. J. exp. Biol. 182, 11-40.
19. GUERMOND, J. AND SELLIER, A. (1991). A unified unsteady lifting-line theory. J. Fluid Mech. 229, 427-451.
20. JENSEN, M. (1956). Biology and physics of locust flight. III The aerodynamics of locust flight. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 239, 511-552.
21. KAWACHI, K. (1981). An extension of the local momentum theory to a distorted wake model of a hovering rotor. NASA, TM 81258.
22. KATZ, J. AND PLOTKIN, A. (1991). Low-speed Aerodynamics: From Wing Theory to Panel Methods. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.
23. LAN, C. E. (1979). The unsteady quasi-vortex-lattice method with applications to animal propulsion. J. Fluid Mech. 93, 747-765.
24. LIGHTHILL, M. J. (1990). The Inaugural Goldstein Memorial Lecture - Some challenging new applications for basic mathematical models in the mechanics of fluids that were originally pursued with aeronautical aims. Aeronaut. J. 94, 41-52.
25. PHLIPS, P. J., EAST, R. A. AND PRATT, N H. (1981). An unsteady lifting line theory of flapping wings with application to the forward flight of birds. J. Fluid Mech. 112, 97-112.
26. RAYNER, J. M. V. (1979a). A new approach to animal flight mechanics. J. exp. Biol. 80, 17-54.
27. RAYNER, J. M. V. (1979b). A vortex theory of animal flight. I. The vortex wake of a hovering animal. J. Fluid Mech. 91, 697-730.
28. RAYNER, J. M. V. (1979c). A vortex theory of animal flight. II. The forward flight of birds. J. Fluid Mech. 91, 731-763.
29. REES, C. J. C. (1975). Aerodynamic properties of an insect wing section and a smooth aerofoil compared. Nature 258, 141-142
30. SCHERER, J. O. (1968). Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Large Amplitude Oscillating Foil Propulsion Systems. Laurel. MD: Hydronautics.
31. SMITH, M. J. C. (1995). Simulating flapping insect wings using an aerodynamic panel method: Towards the development of flappingwing technology. PhD dissertation. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN. USA.
32. SPEDDING, G. R. (1986). The wake of a jackdaw Corvus monedula in slow flight. J. exp. Biol. 125, 287-307.
33. SPEDDING, G. R. (1987). The wake of a kestrel Falco tinnunculus in flapping flight. J. exp. Biol. 127, 59-78.
34. SPEDDING, G. R. (1992). The aerodynamics of flight. Adv. comp. env. Physiol. 11, 51-111.
35. SPEDDING, G. R., RAYNER, J. M. V. AND PENNYCUICK, C. J. (1984). Momentum and energy in the wake of a pigeon (Columba livia) in slow flight. J. exp. Biol. 111, 81-102.
36. SUNADA, S., KAWACHI, K., WATANABE, I. AND AZUMA, A. (1993a). Fundamental analysis of three-dimensional 'near-fling'. J. exp. Biol. 183, 217-248.
37. SUNADA, S., KAWACHI, K., WATANABE, I. AND AZUMA, A. (1993b). Performance of a butterfly in take-off flight. J. exp. Biol. 183, 249-277.
38. WEIS-FOGH, T. (1956). Biology and physics of locust flight. II. Flight performance of the desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria). Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 239, 459-510.
39. WILKIN, P. J. AND WILLIAMS, M. H. (1993). Comparison of the aerodynamic forces on a flying sphingid moth with those predicted by quasi-steady theory. J. Physiol. Zool. 66, 1015-1044.