Development and field demonstration of an eight-element receive wavelength-multiplexed true-time-delay steering system

Applied Optics

Volumn 36, Issue 29, 1997, Pages 7315-7326

  Goutzoulis, Anastasios P ^a   Zomp, John M ^a  

^a NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORPORATION   (United States)

Author keywords

Array antennas; Fiber optics; Fiber optic delay lines; True time delay

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000982568     PISSN: 1559128X     EISSN: 21553165     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/AO.36.007315     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. L. Cardone, “Ultra-wideband microwave beamforming technique,” Microwave J. 28, 121-131 (1985).
2. W. Ng, A. Walston, G. Tangonan, J. Lee, I. Newberg, and N. Berstein, “The first demonstration of an optically steered microwave phased array antenna using true-time delay,” J. Lightwave Technol. 9, 1124-1131 (1991).
3. A. P. Goutzoulis, D. K. Davies, and J. M. Zomp, “Hybrid electronic fiberoptic wavelength multiplexed system for true time delay steering of phased array antennas,” Opt. Eng. 31, 2312-2322 (1992).
4. A. P. Goutzoulis, D. K. Davies, J. M. Zomp, P. Hrycak and A. Johnson, “Development and field demonstration of a hardware-compressive fiber-optic true-time-delay steering system for phased array antennas,” Appl. Opt. 33, 8173-8185 (1994).
5. J. Lee, R. Loo, S. Livingston, V. Jones, J. Lewis, H.-W. Yen, G. Tangonan, and M. Wechsberg, “Photonic wideband array antennas,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 43, 966-982 (1995).
6. M. Y. Frankel and R. D. Esman, “True time delay fiberoptic control of an ultrawideband array transmitter/receiver with multibeam capability,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 43, 2387-2394 (1995).
7. D. Dolfi, P. Joffre, J. Antoine, J. P. Huignard, D. Philippet, and P. Granger, “Experimental demonstration of a phased-array antenna optically controlled with phase and time delays,” Appl. Opt. 35, 5293-5300 (1996).
8. E. D. Toughlian and H. Zmuda, “A photonic variable rf delay line for phased-array antennas,” J. Lightwave Technol. 8, 1824-1828 (1990).
9. R. Soref, “Optical dispersion technique for time-delay beam steering,” Appl. Opt. 31, 7395-7397 (1992).
10. A. M. Levine, “Fiber-optic phased array antenna system for rf transmission,” U.S. patent 4,028,702 (7 June 1977); “Fiber optics for radar and data systems,” inLaser and Fiber Optics Communications, M. Ross, ed., Proc. SPIE 150, 185-192 (1978).
11. D. L. Baldwin and A. G. Garas, “Architectures and performance of laser links in microwave phased array antenna systems,” inOptoelectronic Signal Processing for Phased-Array Antennas II, B. M. Hendrickson and G. A. Koepf, eds., Proc. SPIE 1217, 235-246 (1990).
12. A. P. Goutzoulis and D. K. Davies, “All-optical hardware-compressive wavelength-multiplexed fiber-optic architecture for true time delay steering of 2-D phased array antennas,” inOptical Technology for Microwave Applications and Optoelectronic Signal Processing for Phased-Array Antennas III, B. M. Hendrickson and S. Yao, eds., Proc. SPIE 1703, 604-614 (1992).
13. C. T. Sullivan, S. D. Mukherjee, M. K. Hibbs-Brenner, A. Gopi-nath, E. Kalweit, T. Marta, W. Goldberg, and R. Walterson, “Switched time delay elements based on AlGaAs/GaAs optical waveguide technology at 1.32 xm for optically controlled phased array antennas,” inOptical Technology for Microwave Applications and Optoelectronic Signal Processing for Phased-Array Antennas III, B. M. Hendrickson and S. Yao, eds., Proc. SPIE 1703, 264-271 (1992).
14. G. A. Magel and J. L. Leonard, “Phosphosilicate glass waveguides for phased-array radar time delay,” inOptical Technology for Microwave Applications and Optoelectronic Signal Processing for Phased-Array Antennas III, B. M. Hendrickson and S. Yao, eds., Proc. SPIE 1703, 373-378 (1992).
15. N. A. Riza, “Three-dimensional optical time delay units for radar,” inPhotonics for Processors, Neural Networks andMem-ories II, J. L. Horner, B. Javidi, and S. T. Kowel, eds., Proc. SPIE 2026, 227-237 (1993).
16. A. P. Goutzoulis and D. K. Davies, “Wavelength-coded binary fiberoptic delay line for time steering of array antennas,” U.S. patent 5,125,051 (10 June 1992);
17. A. P. Goutzoulis, “Recirculating binary fiberoptic delay line apparatus for time steering,” U.S. patent 5,101,455 (22 March 1992).
18. P. M. Freitag and S. R. Forrest, “A coherent optically controlled phased-array antenna system,” IEEE Microwave Guided Wave Lett. 3, 293-295 (1993).
19. F. C. Allard, Fiber Optics Handbook for Engineers and Scientists(McGraw-Hill, New York, 1990).
20. D. K. Davies, C. J. Coppock, and A. P. Goutzoulis, “Optimization of optical coupling in fiber-optic systems by fiber etching,” inOptical Information Processing Systems and Architectures, B. Javidi, ed., Proc. SPIE 1151, 105-111, (1989).
21. A. Goutzoulis and R. Gouse, “Comparison of conventional and fiberoptic manifolds for a dual band (UHF and S) phased array antenna,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 45, 246-253 (1997).
22. A. Goutzoulis, J. Zomp, and A. Johnson, “Development and antenna range demonstration of an 8-element optically powered directly modulated receive UHF fiber-optic manifold,” J. Lightwave Technol. 14, 2499-2505 (1996).
23. R. E. Hawkins, “Combining gain, noise figure and intercept points for casaded circuit elements,” RF Design March, 77-81 (1990).