Left- and right-handed helical tubule intermediates from a pure chiral phospholipid

Physical Review E - Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics

Volumn 59, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 3040-3047

  Thomas, Britt N ^a,b   Lindemann, Christopher M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000973530     PISSN: 1063651X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.59.3040     Document Type: Article

References (41)

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18. DIC microscopy utilizes variations in the specimen refractive index by combining two slightly displaced images along the so-called DIC optical translation axis. This displacement brightens regions where the refractive index increases along the DIC optical axis, and vice versa. The potential for dependence of perceived helix handedness upon orientation with respect to the DIC axis was investigated by rotating isolated helices through 180° with respect to the DIC axis. It was found that the apparent helix handedness does not change upon reorientation of the helix about the DIC axis. However, as one should expect, the image quality of the helix does depend upon the orientation of its ribbon edges relative to the shadowing DIC axis.
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21. B. N. Thomas, R. C. Corcoran, C. L. Cotant, C. M. Lindemann, J. E. Kirsch, and P. J. Persichini, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, 12178 (1998). Concerns about the imaging characteristics of μm-dimensioned helical structures led us to carry out a variety of imaging experiments on tubules made of a DC(8, 9)PC phosphonate analog of diameters D in the range (Formula presented) In solution those tubules are cylindrical, but AFM shows they flatten to a 50-nm height (about four bilayers) upon deposition and desiccation on a glass substrate. The imaging process may be thought of most simply as the intersection of the focal plane, having a certain depth of focus δ with the helix. The perceived helix image will in general depend upon the location of the plane of focus relative to the helix axis, i.e., whether it is closer to or further from the objective, and on the relative magnitudes of δ and D. The flattened helical ribbons lie entirely within the depth of focus of the objective (i.e., (Formula presented)), and both sides of the helix (nearest to and furthest from the objective) are simultaneously in focus and of equal clarity (cf. Fig. 9 of this reference). In this case it is impossible to determine helix handedness. On the other hand, the sides nearest to and furthest from the objective in unflattened helical ribbons with (Formula presented) are separated by a distance larger than δ, and therefore can be imaged independently. In this case the helix handedness apparently reverses during a focus scan through the helix, as intersection of the focal plane with the opposite helix sides should produces images that indicate opposite senses of handedness, i.e., reflected through and shifted along the helix axis by (Formula presented) pitch (cf. Fig. 9 of this reference). However, when D is 1 μm, it is found that the image of the helix side further from the objective becomes unresolvable and only the helix side nearest the objective can be imaged. This is also the situation for ≈0.6-μm-diameter DC(8, 9)PC helical structures of this study.
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