메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 243-251

Blutleere und blutsperre

Author keywords

Complications; Esmarch bandage; Experimental data; Indications; Tourniquet

Indexed keywords


EID: 0000942563     PISSN: 09346694     EISSN: 14390981     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF02593986     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (5)

References (117)
  • 1
    • 0028940006 scopus 로고
    • Effects of tourniquet during total knee arthroplasty. A prospective randomised study
    • Abdel-Salam A, Eyres KS. Effects of tourniquet during total knee arthroplasty. A prospective randomised study. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 1995;77:250-3.
    • (1995) J Bone Joint Surg [Br] , vol.77 , pp. 250-253
    • Abdel-Salam, A.1    Eyres, K.S.2
  • 2
    • 0032007039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in body temperature following deflation of limb pneumatic tourniquet
    • Akata T, Kanna T, Izumi K, et al. Changes in body temperature following deflation of limb pneumatic tourniquet. J Clin Anesth 1998; 10:17-22.
    • (1998) J Clin Anesth , vol.10 , pp. 17-22
    • Akata, T.1    Kanna, T.2    Izumi, K.3
  • 3
    • 0023721529 scopus 로고
    • Intra- und postoperative Probleme der Blutleere
    • Antonow G, Lorenz F. Intra- und postoperative Probleme der Blutleere. Anaesthesiol Reanim 1988;13: 45-54.
    • (1988) Anaesthesiol Reanim , vol.13 , pp. 45-54
    • Antonow, G.1    Lorenz, F.2
  • 4
    • 0027370647 scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle damage during tourniquet-induced ischemia. The initial step towards atrophy after orthopedic surgery?
    • Appel HJ, Gloser S, Duarte JA, et al. Skeletal muscle damage during tourniquet-induced ischemia. The initial step towards atrophy after orthopedic surgery? Eur J Appl Physiol 1993;67:342-7.
    • (1993) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.67 , pp. 342-347
    • Appel, H.J.1    Gloser, S.2    Duarte, J.A.3
  • 5
    • 0025944694 scopus 로고
    • Fatal pulmonary embolism following tourniquet inflation. A case report
    • Araki S, Uchiyama M. Fatal pulmonary embolism following tourniquet inflation. A case report. Acta Orthop Scand 1991;62:488.
    • (1991) Acta Orthop Scand , vol.62 , pp. 488
    • Araki, S.1    Uchiyama, M.2
  • 6
    • 0029829764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of tourniquet use in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. A prospective, randomized study
    • Arciero RA, Scoville CR, Hayda RA, et al. The effect of tourniquet use in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. A prospective, randomized study. Am J Sports Med 1996;24:758-64.
    • (1996) Am J Sports Med , vol.24 , pp. 758-764
    • Arciero, R.A.1    Scoville, C.R.2    Hayda, R.A.3
  • 7
    • 0028110473 scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle form and function after 4hr ischemia-hypothermia
    • Awerbuck D, Luong V, Plyley MJ, et al. Skeletal muscle form and function after 4hr ischemia-hypothermia. J Surg Res 1994;57:480-6.
    • (1994) J Surg Res , vol.57 , pp. 480-486
    • Awerbuck, D.1    Luong, V.2    Plyley, M.J.3
  • 9
    • 0031949226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emboli observed with use of transesophageal echocardiography immediately after tourniquet release during total knee arthroplasty with cement
    • Berman AT, Parmet JL, Harding SP, et al. Emboli observed with use of transesophageal echocardiography immediately after tourniquet release during total knee arthroplasty with cement. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1998;80:389-96.
    • (1998) J Bone Joint Surg [Am] , vol.80 , pp. 389-396
    • Berman, A.T.1    Parmet, J.L.2    Harding, S.P.3
  • 10
    • 0000107896 scopus 로고
    • Über einen neuen Weg, Localanästhesie an den Gliedmaßen zu erzeugen
    • Bier A. Über einen neuen Weg, Localanästhesie an den Gliedmaßen zu erzeugen. Arch Klin Chir 1908; 86:1007-16.
    • (1908) Arch Klin Chir , vol.86 , pp. 1007-1016
    • Bier, A.1
  • 11
    • 0017819671 scopus 로고
    • Human pneumatic tourniquet paralysis
    • Bolton CF, McFarlane RM. Human pneumatic tourniquet paralysis. Neurology 1978;28:787-93.
    • (1978) Neurology , vol.28 , pp. 787-793
    • Bolton, C.F.1    McFarlane, R.M.2
  • 12
    • 53149132491 scopus 로고
    • Allgemeine Operationstechnik
    • Nigst H, Buck-Gramcko D, Millesi H, Hrsg. Stuttgart: Thieme
    • Buck-Gramcko D, Dietrich FE. Allgemeine Operationstechnik. In: Nigst H, Buck-Gramcko D, Millesi H, Hrsg. Handchirurgie, Bd 1. Stuttgart: Thieme, 1981: 8.1-13.
    • (1981) Handchirurgie , vol.1
    • Buck-Gramcko, D.1    Dietrich, F.E.2
  • 14
    • 0029825479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ischemiareperfusion-induced muscle damage. Protective effect of corticosteroids and antioxidants in rabbits
    • Bushell A, Klenerman L, Davies H, et al. Ischemiareperfusion-induced muscle damage. Protective effect of corticosteroids and antioxidants in rabbits. Acta Orthop Scand 1996;67: 393-8.
    • (1996) Acta Orthop Scand , vol.67 , pp. 393-398
    • Bushell, A.1    Klenerman, L.2    Davies, H.3
  • 15
    • 0028292415 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of free radical production in an ischemia-reperfusion model in the rabbit using a tourniquet
    • Chopineau J, Sommier MF, Sautou V. Evaluation of free radical production in an ischemia-reperfusion model in the rabbit using a tourniquet. J Pharm Pharmacol 1994;46:519-20.
    • (1994) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.46 , pp. 519-520
    • Chopineau, J.1    Sommier, M.F.2    Sautou, V.3
  • 16
    • 0028131293 scopus 로고
    • Massive pulmonary embolism and tourniquet deflation
    • Cohen JD, Keslin JS, Nili M, et al. Massive pulmonary embolism and tourniquet deflation. Anesth Analg 1994;79:583-85.
    • (1994) Anesth Analg , vol.79 , pp. 583-585
    • Cohen, J.D.1    Keslin, J.S.2    Nili, M.3
  • 17
    • 0024346550 scopus 로고
    • Severe increase of intracranial pressure after deflation of a pneumatic tourniquet
    • Conaty KR, Klemm MS. Severe increase of intracranial pressure after deflation of a pneumatic tourniquet. Anesthesiology 1989;71:294-5.
    • (1989) Anesthesiology , vol.71 , pp. 294-295
    • Conaty, K.R.1    Klemm, M.S.2
  • 18
    • 0025950876 scopus 로고
    • The effect of tourniquet use and hemovac drainage on postoperative hemarthrosis
    • Coupens SD, Yates CK. The effect of tourniquet use and hemovac drainage on postoperative hemarthrosis. Arthroscopy 1991;7:278-82.
    • (1991) Arthroscopy , vol.7 , pp. 278-282
    • Coupens, S.D.1    Yates, C.K.2
  • 19
    • 0023788795 scopus 로고
    • Multiple nerve dysfunction after carpal tunnel release
    • Crandall RE, Weeks PM. Multiple nerve dysfunction after carpal tunnel release. J Hand Surg [Am] 1988; 13:584-9.
    • (1988) J Hand Surg [Am] , vol.13 , pp. 584-589
    • Crandall, R.E.1    Weeks, P.M.2
  • 20
    • 0024510419 scopus 로고
    • Altering local soft-tissue circulation fails to halt venous drainage from the femur
    • Culbertson MC, Williams CD, Robertson WW, et al. Altering local soft-tissue circulation fails to halt venous drainage from the femur. Clin Orthop 1989; 241:251-6.
    • (1989) Clin Orthop , vol.241 , pp. 251-256
    • Culbertson, M.C.1    Williams, C.D.2    Robertson, W.W.3
  • 21
    • 0014922814 scopus 로고
    • Effects of temporary tourniquet ischemia on striated muscle fibers and motor end-plates
    • Dahlbäck LO. Effects of temporary tourniquet ischemia on striated muscle fibers and motor end-plates. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg 1970;7:Suppl: 1-91.
    • (1970) Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg , vol.7 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 1-91
    • Dahlbäck, L.O.1
  • 22
    • 0344801362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemisch genotoxischer Effekt durch das Ischämie-/Reperfusions-/ Operations-Trauma der unteren Extremität. Nachweis von DNA- Kettenbrüchen in Leukocyten mittels Comet-Assay
    • Kongreßbd
    • Dahouk S, Plappert U, Gerngross H, et al. Systemisch genotoxischer Effekt durch das Ischämie-/Reperfusions-/Operations-Trauma der unteren Extremität. Nachweis von DNA-Kettenbrüchen in Leukocyten mittels Comet-Assay. Langenbecks Arch Chir 1997; 114:Suppl Kongreßbd:601-5.
    • (1997) Langenbecks Arch Chir , vol.114 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 601-605
    • Dahouk, S.1    Plappert, U.2    Gerngross, H.3
  • 23
    • 0029071392 scopus 로고
    • Effects of tourniquet use in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
    • Daniel DM, Lumkong G, Stone ML, et al. Effects of tourniquet use in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Arthroscopy 1995;11:307-11.
    • (1995) Arthroscopy , vol.11 , pp. 307-311
    • Daniel, D.M.1    Lumkong, G.2    Stone, M.L.3
  • 24
    • 0026674892 scopus 로고
    • Arterial and ischemic aspects of total knee arthroplasty
    • DeLaurentis DA, Levitsky KA, Booth RE, et al. Arterial and ischemic aspects of total knee arthroplasty. Am J Surg 1992;164:237-40.
    • (1992) Am J Surg , vol.164 , pp. 237-240
    • DeLaurentis, D.A.1    Levitsky, K.A.2    Booth, R.E.3
  • 25
    • 0024232795 scopus 로고
    • Chemical burns beneath tourniquets
    • Dickinson JC, Bailey BN. Chemical burns beneath tourniquets. Br Med J 1988;297:1513.
    • (1988) Br Med J , vol.297 , pp. 1513
    • Dickinson, J.C.1    Bailey, B.N.2
  • 26
    • 0020324524 scopus 로고
    • Postmeniscectomy tourniquet palsy and functional sequelae
    • Dobner JJ, Nitz AJ. Postmeniscectomy tourniquet palsy and functional sequelae. Am J Sports Med 1982;10:211-4.
    • (1982) Am J Sports Med , vol.10 , pp. 211-214
    • Dobner, J.J.1    Nitz, A.J.2
  • 27
    • 0028961026 scopus 로고
    • Effect of time interval on tissue concentrations of cephalosporins after tourniquet inflation
    • Dounis E, Tsourvakas S, Kalivas L, et al. Effect of time interval on tissue concentrations of cephalosporins after tourniquet inflation. Acta Orthop Scand 1995;66:158-60.
    • (1995) Acta Orthop Scand , vol.66 , pp. 158-160
    • Dounis, E.1    Tsourvakas, S.2    Kalivas, L.3
  • 28
    • 0014541052 scopus 로고
    • Experimental hypertrophic neuropathy. Pathogenesis of onion-bulb formations produced by repeated tourniquet applications
    • Dyck PJ. Experimental hypertrophic neuropathy. Pathogenesis of onion-bulb formations produced by repeated tourniquet applications. Arch Neurol 1969;21: 73-95.
    • (1969) Arch Neurol , vol.21 , pp. 73-95
    • Dyck, P.J.1
  • 29
    • 0022764134 scopus 로고
    • Blutdruckabhängige, prozeßgesteuerte Blutsperre zur Minimierung des Tourniquet-Syndroms
    • Egkher E, Freund R, Kroitzsch U, et al. Blutdruckabhängige, prozeßgesteuerte Blutsperre zur Minimierung des Tourniquet-Syndroms. Unfallchirurgie 1986; 12:200-3.
    • (1986) Unfallchirurgie , vol.12 , pp. 200-203
    • Egkher, E.1    Freund, R.2    Kroitzsch, U.3
  • 30
    • 0024851412 scopus 로고
    • Effect of limb tourniquet on cerebral perfusion pressure in a head injured patient
    • Eldridge PR, Williams S. Effect of limb tourniquet on cerebral perfusion pressure in a head injured patient. Anesthesiology 1989;44:973-4.
    • (1989) Anesthesiology , vol.44 , pp. 973-974
    • Eldridge, P.R.1    Williams, S.2
  • 31
    • 0031148074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exogenous human recombinant interleukin-10 attenuates hindlimb ischemia - Reperfusion injury
    • Engles RE, Huber TS, Zander DS, et al. Exogenous human recombinant interleukin-10 attenuates hindlimb ischemia - reperfusion injury. J Surg Res 1997; 69:425-8.
    • (1997) J Surg Res , vol.69 , pp. 425-428
    • Engles, R.E.1    Huber, T.S.2    Zander, D.S.3
  • 32
    • 0015414770 scopus 로고
    • Recovery of nerve conduction after a pneumatic tourniquet: Observations on the hind-limb of the baboon
    • Fowler TJ, Danta G, Gilliatt RW. Recovery of nerve conduction after a pneumatic tourniquet: observations on the hind-limb of the baboon. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1972;35:638-47.
    • (1972) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.35 , pp. 638-647
    • Fowler, T.J.1    Danta, G.2    Gilliatt, R.W.3
  • 33
    • 0028337450 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of different types of fibres in rabbit skeletal muscle to pneumatic compression by tourniquet and to ischemia
    • Friden J, Pedowitz RA, Thornell LE. Sensitivity of different types of fibres in rabbit skeletal muscle to pneumatic compression by tourniquet and to ischemia. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg 1994; 28:87-94.
    • (1994) Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg , vol.28 , pp. 87-94
    • Friden, J.1    Pedowitz, R.A.2    Thornell, L.E.3
  • 34
    • 0021674062 scopus 로고
    • Contractile properties of slow and fast muscle following tourniquet ischemia
    • Gardner VO, Caiozzo VJ, Long ST, et al. Contractile properties of slow and fast muscle following tourniquet ischemia. Am J Sports Med 1984;12: 417-23.
    • (1984) Am J Sports Med , vol.12 , pp. 417-423
    • Gardner, V.O.1    Caiozzo, V.J.2    Long, S.T.3
  • 35
    • 0031471802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adhesion receptors and cytokine profiles in controlled tourniquet ischaemia in the upper extremity
    • Germann G, Drücke D, Steinau HU. Adhesion receptors and cytokine profiles in controlled tourniquet ischaemia in the upper extremity. J Hand Surg [Br] 1997;22:778-82.
    • (1997) J Hand Surg [Br] , vol.22 , pp. 778-782
    • Germann, G.1    Drücke, D.2    Steinau, H.U.3
  • 36
    • 0024564974 scopus 로고
    • The effect of tourniquet pressure on muscle function
    • Gersoff WK, Ruwe P, Jokl P, et al. The effect of tourniquet pressure on muscle function. Am J Sports Med 1989;17:123-7.
    • (1989) Am J Sports Med , vol.17 , pp. 123-127
    • Gersoff, W.K.1    Ruwe, P.2    Jokl, P.3
  • 37
    • 0020691532 scopus 로고
    • Compartment syndrome of the arm - A complication of the pneumatic tourniquet. A case report
    • Greene TL, Louis DS. Compartment syndrome of the arm - a complication of the pneumatic tourniquet. A case report. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1983; 65:270-3.
    • (1983) J Bone Joint Surg [Am] , vol.65 , pp. 270-273
    • Greene, T.L.1    Louis, D.S.2
  • 38
    • 0031544116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of tourniquet use on blood loss and incidence of deep vein thrombosis in total knee arthroplasty
    • Harvey EJ, Leclerc J, Brooks CE, et al. Effect of tourniquet use on blood loss and incidence of deep vein thrombosis in total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 1997;12:291-6.
    • (1997) J Arthroplasty , vol.12 , pp. 291-296
    • Harvey, E.J.1    Leclerc, J.2    Brooks, C.E.3
  • 39
    • 0026780054 scopus 로고
    • Le syndrome paralytique du garrot. Un diagnostic différentiel après anesthésie locorégionale du membre supérieur
    • Paris
    • Hidou M, Huraux C, Viry Babel F, et al. Le syndrome paralytique du garrot. Un diagnostic différentiel après anesthésie locorégionale du membre supérieur. J Chir (Paris) 1992;129:213-4.
    • (1992) J Chir , vol.129 , pp. 213-214
    • Hidou, M.1    Huraux, C.2    Viry Babel, F.3
  • 40
    • 0024591238 scopus 로고
    • Effect of timing of tourniquet release on postoperative hematoma formation: An experimental animal study
    • Himel HN, Ahmad M, Parmett SR, et al. Effect of timing of tourniquet release on postoperative hematoma formation: an experimental animal study. Plast Reconstr Surg 1989;83:692-700.
    • (1989) Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.83 , pp. 692-700
    • Himel, H.N.1    Ahmad, M.2    Parmett, S.R.3
  • 41
    • 0027030785 scopus 로고
    • Compartment syndrome of the lower limb caused by a tourniquet: A report of two cases
    • Hirvensalo E, Tuominen H, Lapinsuo M, et al. Compartment syndrome of the lower limb caused by a tourniquet: a report of two cases. J Orthop Trauma 1992;6:469-72.
    • (1992) J Orthop Trauma , vol.6 , pp. 469-472
    • Hirvensalo, E.1    Tuominen, H.2    Lapinsuo, M.3
  • 42
    • 0022253948 scopus 로고
    • Fatal pulmonary embolism following tourniquet inflation. A case report
    • Hofmann AA, Wyatt RW. Fatal pulmonary embolism following tourniquet inflation. A case report. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1985;67:633-4.
    • (1985) J Bone Joint Surg [Am] , vol.67 , pp. 633-634
    • Hofmann, A.A.1    Wyatt, R.W.2
  • 43
    • 0026609754 scopus 로고
    • VO2 and VCO2 following tourniquet deflation
    • Hoka S, Yoshitake J, Arakawa S, et al. VO2 and VCO2 following tourniquet deflation. Anaesthesia 1992;47:65-8.
    • (1992) Anaesthesia , vol.47 , pp. 65-68
    • Hoka, S.1    Yoshitake, J.2    Arakawa, S.3
  • 44
    • 0021911031 scopus 로고
    • The protective role of local hypothermia in tourniquet-induced ischaemia of muscle
    • Irving GA, Noakes TD. The protective role of local hypothermia in tourniquet-induced ischaemia of muscle. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 1985;67:297-301.
    • (1985) J Bone Joint Surg [Br] , vol.67 , pp. 297-301
    • Irving, G.A.1    Noakes, T.D.2
  • 45
    • 0022799611 scopus 로고
    • Bradycardia during hypotension following release of a tourniqet in orthopaedic surgery
    • Jacobsen J, Rorsgaard S, Sécher NH. Bradycardia during hypotension following release of a tourniqet in orthopaedic surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1986;30:511-4.
    • (1986) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , vol.30 , pp. 511-514
    • Jacobsen, J.1    Rorsgaard, S.2    Sécher, N.H.3
  • 46
    • 0028343017 scopus 로고
    • Muscle functional deficits after tourniquet ischemia
    • Jacobson MD, Pedowitz RA, Oyama BK, et al. Muscle functional deficits after tourniquet ischemia. Am J Sports Med 1994;22:372-7.
    • (1994) Am J Sports Med , vol.22 , pp. 372-377
    • Jacobson, M.D.1    Pedowitz, R.A.2    Oyama, B.K.3
  • 47
    • 0026672094 scopus 로고
    • Hemodynamic changes associated with tourniquet use under epidural anesthesia for total knee arthroplasty
    • Kahn RL, Marino V, Urquhart B, et al. Hemodynamic changes associated with tourniquet use under epidural anesthesia for total knee arthroplasty. Reg Anesth 1992;17:228-32.
    • (1992) Reg Anesth , vol.17 , pp. 228-232
    • Kahn, R.L.1    Marino, V.2    Urquhart, B.3
  • 48
    • 0020058994 scopus 로고
    • Tourniquet-induced hypertension
    • Kaufman RD, Walts LF. Tourniquet-induced hypertension. Br J Anaesth 1982;54:333-6.
    • (1982) Br J Anaesth , vol.54 , pp. 333-336
    • Kaufman, R.D.1    Walts, L.F.2
  • 49
    • 0028067457 scopus 로고
    • Clinical application of the forearm tourniquet
    • Khuri S, Uhl RL, Martino J, et al. Clinical application of the forearm tourniquet. J Hand Surg [Am] 1994; 19:861-3.
    • (1994) J Hand Surg [Am] , vol.19 , pp. 861-863
    • Khuri, S.1    Uhl, R.L.2    Martino, J.3
  • 50
    • 0024550975 scopus 로고
    • Leukotrienes but not complement mediate limb ischemia-induced lung injury
    • Klausner JM, Paterson IS, Kobzik L, et al. Leukotrienes but not complement mediate limb ischemia-induced lung injury. Ann Surg 1989;209: 462-70.
    • (1989) Ann Surg , vol.209 , pp. 462-470
    • Klausner, J.M.1    Paterson, I.S.2    Kobzik, L.3
  • 51
    • 0017769125 scopus 로고
    • Changes in haemostatic system after application of a tourniquet
    • Klenerman L, Chakrabarti R, Mackie I, et al. Changes in haemostatic system after application of a tourniquet. Lancet 1977;1(8019):970-2.
    • (1977) Lancet , vol.1 , Issue.8019 , pp. 970-972
    • Klenerman, L.1    Chakrabarti, R.2    Mackie, I.3
  • 52
    • 0024426484 scopus 로고
    • Isokinetic, electrophysiologic, and clinical function relationships following tourniquet-aided knee arthrotomy
    • Krebs DE. Isokinetic, electrophysiologic, and clinical function relationships following tourniquet-aided knee arthrotomy. Phys Ther 1989;69:803-15.
    • (1989) Phys Ther , vol.69 , pp. 803-815
    • Krebs, D.E.1
  • 53
    • 0025355252 scopus 로고
    • Susceptibility to tourniquet-induced radial palsy in the presence of previous humeral fracture
    • Kurihara K, Goto S. Susceptibility to tourniquet-induced radial palsy in the presence of previous humeral fracture. Ann Plast Surg 1990;24:346-9.
    • (1990) Ann Plast Surg , vol.24 , pp. 346-349
    • Kurihara, K.1    Goto, S.2
  • 54
    • 0023189801 scopus 로고
    • Pneumatic tourniquet paralysis following intravenous regional analgesia
    • Larsen UT, Hommelgaard P. Pneumatic tourniquet paralysis following intravenous regional analgesia. Anaesthesia 1987;42:526-8.
    • (1987) Anaesthesia , vol.42 , pp. 526-528
    • Larsen, U.T.1    Hommelgaard, P.2
  • 55
    • 0017761681 scopus 로고
    • Fibrinolytic activity in human legs in tourniquet ischemia
    • Larsson J, Risberg B. Fibrinolytic activity in human legs in tourniquet ischemia. Thromb Res 1977;11: 817-25.
    • (1977) Thromb Res , vol.11 , pp. 817-825
    • Larsson, J.1    Risberg, B.2
  • 56
    • 0026769057 scopus 로고
    • Oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide elimination after release of unilateral lower limb pneumatic tourniquets
    • Lee TL, Tweed WA, Singh B. Oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide elimination after release of unilateral lower limb pneumatic tourniquets. Anesth Analg 1992;75:113-7.
    • (1992) Anesth Analg , vol.75 , pp. 113-117
    • Lee, T.L.1    Tweed, W.A.2    Singh, B.3
  • 57
    • 0029898183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal necrosis after tibial reaming for intramedullary nail fixation. A report of three cases
    • Leunig M, Hertel R. Thermal necrosis after tibial reaming for intramedullary nail fixation. A report of three cases. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 1996;78: 584-7.
    • (1996) J Bone Joint Surg [Br] , vol.78 , pp. 584-587
    • Leunig, M.1    Hertel, R.2
  • 58
    • 0026781176 scopus 로고
    • Decreased muscle speed, strength and fatigability following two hours of tourniquet-induced ischaemia
    • Lieber RL, Pedowitz RA, Friden J, Gershuni DH. Decreased muscle speed, strength and fatigability following two hours of tourniquet-induced ischaemia. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg 1992;26: 127-32.
    • (1992) Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg , vol.26 , pp. 127-132
    • Lieber, R.L.1    Pedowitz, R.A.2    Friden, J.3    Gershuni, D.H.4
  • 59
    • 0023266390 scopus 로고
    • Unrecognised compartment syndrome in a patient with tourniquet palsy
    • Luk KD, Pun WK. Unrecognised compartment syndrome in a patient with tourniquet palsy. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 1987;69:97-9.
    • (1987) J Bone Joint Surg [Br] , vol.69 , pp. 97-99
    • Luk, K.D.1    Pun, W.K.2
  • 61
    • 0026410213 scopus 로고
    • Bloodless field and tourniquet compression
    • Lundborg G. Bloodless field and tourniquet compression. Acta Orthop Scand 1991;62:513-4.
    • (1991) Acta Orthop Scand , vol.62 , pp. 513-514
    • Lundborg, G.1
  • 62
    • 0027310481 scopus 로고
    • Use of a tourniquet in the internal fixation of fractures of the distal part of the fibula. A prospective, randomized trial
    • Maffulli N, Testa V, Capasso G. Use of a tourniquet in the internal fixation of fractures of the distal part of the fibula. A prospective, randomized trial. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1993;75:700-3.
    • (1993) J Bone Joint Surg [Am] , vol.75 , pp. 700-703
    • Maffulli, N.1    Testa, V.2    Capasso, G.3
  • 63
    • 0028345401 scopus 로고
    • The effect of post-operative bleeding on compartment pressure
    • Mars M. The effect of post-operative bleeding on compartment pressure. J Hand Surg [Br] 1994;19: 149-53.
    • (1994) J Hand Surg [Br] , vol.19 , pp. 149-153
    • Mars, M.1
  • 64
    • 0026035575 scopus 로고
    • A histometric analysis of skeletal myofibers following 90 min of tourniquet ischemia and reperfusion
    • Mars M, Gregory MA. A histometric analysis of skeletal myofibers following 90 min of tourniquet ischemia and reperfusion. J Surg Res 1991;50:191-5.
    • (1991) J Surg Res , vol.50 , pp. 191-195
    • Mars, M.1    Gregory, M.A.2
  • 65
    • 0029729961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pseudoaneurysm of the radial artery complicating excision of a wrist ganglion
    • Maw A, Renaut AJ. Pseudoaneurysm of the radial artery complicating excision of a wrist ganglion. J Hand Surg [Br] 1996;21:783-4.
    • (1996) J Hand Surg [Br] , vol.21 , pp. 783-784
    • Maw, A.1    Renaut, A.J.2
  • 66
    • 0028040130 scopus 로고
    • Venous embolization after deflation of lower extremity tourniquets
    • McGrath BJ, Hsia J, Boyd A, et al. Venous embolization after deflation of lower extremity tourniquets. Anesth Analg 1994;78:349-53.
    • (1994) Anesth Analg , vol.78 , pp. 349-353
    • McGrath, B.J.1    Hsia, J.2    Boyd, A.3
  • 67
    • 0025802768 scopus 로고
    • Massive pulmonary embolism following tourniquet deflation
    • McGrath BJ, Hsia J, Epstein B. Massive pulmonary embolism following tourniquet deflation. Anesthesiology 1991;74:618-20.
    • (1991) Anesthesiology , vol.74 , pp. 618-620
    • McGrath, B.J.1    Hsia, J.2    Epstein, B.3
  • 68
    • 0029813837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical safety and efficacy of calf tourniquets
    • Michelson JD, Perry M. Clinical safety and efficacy of calf tourniquets. Foot Ankle Int 1996;17: 573-5.
    • (1996) Foot Ankle Int , vol.17 , pp. 573-575
    • Michelson, J.D.1    Perry, M.2
  • 71
    • 0023584771 scopus 로고
    • Compartment syndrome of the thigh complicationg surgical treatment of ipsilateral femur and ankle fractures
    • Moore MR, Garfin SR, Hargens AR. Compartment syndrome of the thigh complicationg surgical treatment of ipsilateral femur and ankle fractures. J Orthop Trauma 1987;1:71-3.
    • (1987) J Orthop Trauma , vol.1 , pp. 71-73
    • Moore, M.R.1    Garfin, S.R.2    Hargens, A.R.3
  • 72
    • 0022497865 scopus 로고
    • A safe and effective low pressure tourniquet
    • Newman RJ, Muirhead A. A safe and effective low pressure tourniquet. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 1986;68: 625-8.
    • (1986) J Bone Joint Surg [Br] , vol.68 , pp. 625-628
    • Newman, R.J.1    Muirhead, A.2
  • 73
    • 0015238721 scopus 로고
    • Nature of the nerve lesion caused by a pneumatic tourniquet
    • Ochoa J, Danta G, Fowler TJ, et al. Nature of the nerve lesion caused by a pneumatic tourniquet. Nature 1971;233:265-6.
    • (1971) Nature , vol.233 , pp. 265-266
    • Ochoa, J.1    Danta, G.2    Fowler, T.J.3
  • 74
    • 0026068971 scopus 로고
    • Effects of compression and devascularisation on ulnar nerve function. A quantitative study of regional blood flow and nerve conduction in monkeys
    • Ogata K, Shimon S, Owen J, et al. Effects of compression and devascularisation on ulnar nerve function. A quantitative study of regional blood flow and nerve conduction in monkeys. J Hand Surg [Br] 1991; 16:104-8.
    • (1991) J Hand Surg [Br] , vol.16 , pp. 104-108
    • Ogata, K.1    Shimon, S.2    Owen, J.3
  • 75
    • 0030199071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of functional deficits in the rabbit tibialis anterior following tourniquet ischemia and tourniquet compression
    • Ohara WM, Pedowitz RA, Oyama BK, et al. Comparison of functional deficits in the rabbit tibialis anterior following tourniquet ischemia and tourniquet compression. J Orthop Res 1996;14: 626-32.
    • (1996) J Orthop Res , vol.14 , pp. 626-632
    • Ohara, W.M.1    Pedowitz, R.A.2    Oyama, B.K.3
  • 76
    • 0022723396 scopus 로고
    • Complications from tourniquet use
    • Palmer AK. Complications from tourniquet use. Hand Clin 1986;2:301-5.
    • (1986) Hand Clin , vol.2 , pp. 301-305
    • Palmer, A.K.1
  • 77
    • 0028076205 scopus 로고
    • Tourniquet-induced rhabdomyolysis after total knee replacement
    • Palmer SH, Graham G. Tourniquet-induced rhabdomyolysis after total knee replacement. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1994;76:416-7.
    • (1994) Ann R Coll Surg Engl , vol.76 , pp. 416-417
    • Palmer, S.H.1    Graham, G.2
  • 78
    • 0028212533 scopus 로고
    • Tissue concentrations of third-generation cephalosporins (ceftazidime and ceftriaxone) in lower extremity tissues using a tourniquet
    • Papaioannou N, Kalivas L, Kalavritinos J, et al. Tissue concentrations of third-generation cephalosporins (ceftazidime and ceftriaxone) in lower extremity tissues using a tourniquet. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 1994;113:167-9.
    • (1994) Arch Orthop Trauma Surg , vol.113 , pp. 167-169
    • Papaioannou, N.1    Kalivas, L.2    Kalavritinos, J.3
  • 79
    • 0015859211 scopus 로고
    • Ischaemic effects of external and internal pressure on the upper limb
    • Parkes A. Ischaemic effects of external and internal pressure on the upper limb. Hand 1973;5:105-12.
    • (1973) Hand , vol.5 , pp. 105-112
    • Parkes, A.1
  • 80
    • 0028019718 scopus 로고
    • Echogenic emboli upon tourniquet release during total knee arthroplasty: Pulmonary hemodynamic changes and embolic composition
    • Parmet JL, Horrow JC, Singer R, et al. Echogenic emboli upon tourniquet release during total knee arthroplasty: pulmonary hemodynamic changes and embolic composition. Anesth Analg 1994;79: 940-5.
    • (1994) Anesth Analg , vol.79 , pp. 940-945
    • Parmet, J.L.1    Horrow, J.C.2    Singer, R.3
  • 81
    • 0019464391 scopus 로고
    • The effect of pneumatic tourniquets on skeletal muscle physiology
    • Patterson S, Klenerman L, Biswas M, et al. The effect of pneumatic tourniquets on skeletal muscle physiology. Acta Orthop Scand 1981;52:171-5.
    • (1981) Acta Orthop Scand , vol.52 , pp. 171-175
    • Patterson, S.1    Klenerman, L.2    Biswas, M.3
  • 82
    • 0026064748 scopus 로고
    • Tourniquet-induced neuromuscular injury
    • Pedowitz RA. Tourniquet-induced neuromuscular injury. Acta Orthop Scand 1991;245:Suppl:1-33.
    • (1991) Acta Orthop Scand , vol.245 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 1-33
    • Pedowitz, R.A.1
  • 83
    • 0025789101 scopus 로고
    • Muscle injury induced beneath and distal to a pneumatic tourniquet: A quantitative animal study of effects of tourniquet pressure and duration
    • Pedowitz RA, Gershuni DH, Schmidt AH, et al. Muscle injury induced beneath and distal to a pneumatic tourniquet: a quantitative animal study of effects of tourniquet pressure and duration. J Hand Surg [Am] 1991;16:610-21.
    • (1991) J Hand Surg [Am] , vol.16 , pp. 610-621
    • Pedowitz, R.A.1    Gershuni, D.H.2    Schmidt, A.H.3
  • 84
    • 0023635305 scopus 로고
    • Fibrinolysis after application of a pneumatic tourniquet
    • Petäjä J, Myllynen P, Myllylä G, et al. Fibrinolysis after application of a pneumatic tourniquet. Acta Chir Scand 1987;153:647-51.
    • (1987) Acta Chir Scand , vol.153 , pp. 647-651
    • Petäjä, J.1    Myllynen, P.2    Myllylä, G.3
  • 85
    • 0030759602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The functional and morphological damage of ischemic reperfused skeletal muscle
    • Racz IB, Illyes G, Sarkadi L, et al. The functional and morphological damage of ischemic reperfused skeletal muscle. Eur Surg Res 1997;29:254-63.
    • (1997) Eur Surg Res , vol.29 , pp. 254-263
    • Racz, I.B.1    Illyes, G.2    Sarkadi, L.3
  • 86
    • 0018842661 scopus 로고
    • Tourniquet-induced nerve ischemia: An experimental investigation
    • Rorabeck CH. Tourniquet-induced nerve ischemia: an experimental investigation. J Trauma 1980;20: 280-6.
    • (1980) J Trauma , vol.20 , pp. 280-286
    • Rorabeck, C.H.1
  • 87
    • 0019191170 scopus 로고
    • Tourniquet-induced nerve ischemia complicating knee ligament surgery
    • Rorabeck CH, Kennedy JC. Tourniquet-induced nerve ischemia complicating knee ligament surgery. Am J Sports Med 1980;8:98-102.
    • (1980) Am J Sports Med , vol.8 , pp. 98-102
    • Rorabeck, C.H.1    Kennedy, J.C.2
  • 88
    • 0031613830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil activation after skeletal muscle ischemia in humans
    • Rose S, Fiebrich M, Weber P, et al. Neutrophil activation after skeletal muscle ischemia in humans. Shock 1998;9:21-6.
    • (1998) Shock , vol.9 , pp. 21-26
    • Rose, S.1    Fiebrich, M.2    Weber, P.3
  • 90
    • 0025037447 scopus 로고
    • Hautschäden nach Verwendung von Blutsperremanschetten
    • Rudolph H, Gärtner J, Studtmann V. Hautschäden nach Verwendung von Blutsperremanschetten. Unfallchirurgie 1990;16:244-51.
    • (1990) Unfallchirurgie , vol.16 , pp. 244-251
    • Rudolph, H.1    Gärtner, J.2    Studtmann, V.3
  • 91
    • 0026721484 scopus 로고
    • Cefuroximkonzentrationen in Serum, Kniegelenkflüssigkeit und -kapselgewebe bei perioperativer Anwendung vor orthopädischen Eingriffen unter Blutsperre oder Blutleere
    • Rütt J, Althoff F. Cefuroximkonzentrationen in Serum, Kniegelenkflüssigkeit und -kapselgewebe bei perioperativer Anwendung vor orthopädischen Eingriffen unter Blutsperre oder Blutleere. Z Orthop 1992;130:104-8.
    • (1992) Z Orthop , vol.130 , pp. 104-108
    • Rütt, J.1    Althoff, F.2
  • 92
    • 0026015478 scopus 로고
    • The use of a tourniquet when plating tibial fractures
    • Salam AA, Eyres KS, Cleary J, et al. The use of a tourniquet when plating tibial fractures. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 1991;73:86-7.
    • (1991) J Bone Joint Surg [Br] , vol.73 , pp. 86-87
    • Salam, A.A.1    Eyres, K.S.2    Cleary, J.3
  • 93
    • 0030248342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraoperative hypothermia associated with lower extremity tourniquet deflation
    • Sanders BJ, D'Alessio JG, Jernigan JR. Intraoperative hypothermia associated with lower extremity tourniquet deflation. J Clin Anesth 1996;8: 504-7.
    • (1996) J Clin Anesth , vol.8 , pp. 504-507
    • Sanders, B.J.1    D'Alessio, J.G.2    Jernigan, J.R.3
  • 94
    • 0015830749 scopus 로고
    • The tourniquet. Instrument or weapon?
    • Sanders R. The tourniquet. Instrument or weapon? Hand 1973;5:119-23.
    • (1973) Hand , vol.5 , pp. 119-123
    • Sanders, R.1
  • 95
    • 0018256408 scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructural changes in striated muscle after experimental tourniquet ischemia and short reflow
    • Santavirta S, Luoma A, Arstila AU. Ultrastructural changes in striated muscle after experimental tourniquet ischemia and short reflow. Eur J Surg Res 1978; 10:415-24.
    • (1978) Eur J Surg Res , vol.10 , pp. 415-424
    • Santavirta, S.1    Luoma, A.2    Arstila, A.U.3
  • 96
    • 0018577420 scopus 로고
    • Effect of tourniquet time on postoperative quadriceps function
    • Saunders KC, Louis DL, Weingarden SI, et al. Effect of tourniquet time on postoperative quadriceps function. Clin Orthop 1979;143:194-9.
    • (1979) Clin Orthop , vol.143 , pp. 194-199
    • Saunders, K.C.1    Louis, D.L.2    Weingarden, S.I.3
  • 97
    • 0030183884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anterior thigh compartment syndrome following prolonged tourniquet application and lateral positioning
    • Seybold EA, Busconi BD. Anterior thigh compartment syndrome following prolonged tourniquet application and lateral positioning. Am J Orthop 1996; 25:493-6.
    • (1996) Am J Orthop , vol.25 , pp. 493-496
    • Seybold, E.A.1    Busconi, B.D.2
  • 98
    • 0029028086 scopus 로고
    • Changes in circulatory indices of thrombosis and fibrinolysis during total knee arthroplasty performed under tourniquet
    • Sharrock NE, Go G, Sculco TP, et al. Changes in circulatory indices of thrombosis and fibrinolysis during total knee arthroplasty performed under tourniquet. J Arthroplasty 1995;10:523-8.
    • (1995) J Arthroplasty , vol.10 , pp. 523-528
    • Sharrock, N.E.1    Go, G.2    Sculco, T.P.3
  • 99
    • 0021783845 scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the use of digital tourniquets based on physiological pressure measurements
    • Shaw JA, DeMuth WW, Gillespy AW. Guidelines for the use of digital tourniquets based on physiological pressure measurements. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1985;67:1086-90.
    • (1985) J Bone Joint Surg [Am] , vol.67 , pp. 1086-1090
    • Shaw, J.A.1    DeMuth, W.W.2    Gillespy, A.W.3
  • 101
    • 0022502787 scopus 로고
    • Limb swelling after release of a tourniquet
    • Silver R, DeLaGarza J, Rang M, et al. Limb swelling after release of a tourniquet. Clin Orthop 1986; 206:86-9.
    • (1986) Clin Orthop , vol.206 , pp. 86-89
    • Silver, R.1    DeLaGarza, J.2    Rang, M.3
  • 102
    • 0020083540 scopus 로고
    • The effect of a thigh tourniquet on the incidence of deep venous thrombosis after operations on the fore part of the foot
    • Simon MA, Mass DP, Zarins CK, et al. The effect of a thigh tourniquet on the incidence of deep venous thrombosis after operations on the fore part of the foot. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1982;64:188-91.
    • (1982) J Bone Joint Surg [Am] , vol.64 , pp. 188-191
    • Simon, M.A.1    Mass, D.P.2    Zarins, C.K.3
  • 103
    • 0027415809 scopus 로고
    • Local hypothermia during ischemia or reperfusion in skeletal muscles
    • Skjeldal S, Torvik A, Nordsletten L, et al. Local hypothermia during ischemia or reperfusion in skeletal muscles. Res Exp Med (Berl) 1993;193:73-80.
    • (1993) Res Exp Med (Berl) , vol.193 , pp. 73-80
    • Skjeldal, S.1    Torvik, A.2    Nordsletten, L.3
  • 104
    • 0024805294 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of complications in lateral retinacular release procedures
    • Small NC. An analysis of complications in lateral retinacular release procedures. Arthroscopy 1989;5: 282-6.
    • (1989) Arthroscopy , vol.5 , pp. 282-286
    • Small, N.C.1
  • 105
    • 0027528751 scopus 로고
    • Raised intracranial pressure associated with hypercarbia after tourniquet release
    • Sparling RJ, Murray AW, Choksey M. Raised intracranial pressure associated with hypercarbia after tourniquet release. Br J Neurosurg 1993;7: 75-7.
    • (1993) Br J Neurosurg , vol.7 , pp. 75-77
    • Sparling, R.J.1    Murray, A.W.2    Choksey, M.3
  • 106
    • 0015542191 scopus 로고
    • Die Restitution des Energiestoffwechsels der Skelettmuskulatur der Ratte nach langdauernder Ischämie
    • Stock W, Bohn HJ, Isselherd W, et al. Die Restitution des Energiestoffwechsels der Skelettmuskulatur der Ratte nach langdauernder Ischämie. Res Exp Med 1973;159:306-20.
    • (1973) Res Exp Med , vol.159 , pp. 306-320
    • Stock, W.1    Bohn, H.J.2    Isselherd, W.3
  • 107
    • 0028061863 scopus 로고
    • A reperfusion interval reduces the contractile deficit in skeletal muscle following tourniquet ischemia
    • Stompro BE, Stevenson TR, Wineinger MA, et al. A reperfusion interval reduces the contractile deficit in skeletal muscle following tourniquet ischemia. Plast Reconstr Surg 1994;94:1003-11.
    • (1994) Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.94 , pp. 1003-1011
    • Stompro, B.E.1    Stevenson, T.R.2    Wineinger, M.A.3
  • 109
    • 0031020380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased surface expression of CD18 and CD11b in leukocytes after tourniquet ischemia during elective hand surgery
    • Sutter PM, Spagnoli GC, Marx A, et al. Increased surface expression of CD18 and CD11b in leukocytes after tourniquet ischemia during elective hand surgery. World J Surg 1997;21:179-85.
    • (1997) World J Surg , vol.21 , pp. 179-185
    • Sutter, P.M.1    Spagnoli, G.C.2    Marx, A.3
  • 110
    • 0015343915 scopus 로고
    • False aneurysm of the ulnar artery after surgery employing a tourniquet
    • Thio RT False aneurysm of the ulnar artery after surgery employing a tourniquet. Am J Surg 1972; 123:604-5.
    • (1972) Am J Surg , vol.123 , pp. 604-605
    • Thio, R.T.1
  • 111
    • 0029010509 scopus 로고
    • Rhabdomyolysis from tourniquet trauma in a patient with hypothyroidism
    • Void PL, Weiss PJ. Rhabdomyolysis from tourniquet trauma in a patient with hypothyroidism. West J Med 1995;162:270-1.
    • (1995) West J Med , vol.162 , pp. 270-271
    • Void, P.L.1    Weiss, P.J.2
  • 112
    • 0027499079 scopus 로고
    • Incidence of pulmonary embolism after total knee arthroplasty with low-dose coumarin prophylaxis
    • Vresilovic EJ Jr, Hozack WJ, Booth RE, et al. Incidence of pulmonary embolism after total knee arthroplasty with low-dose coumarin prophylaxis. Clin Orthop 1993;286:27-31.
    • (1993) Clin Orthop , vol.286 , pp. 27-31
    • Vresilovic Jr., E.J.1    Hozack, W.J.2    Booth, R.E.3
  • 113
    • 0018746035 scopus 로고
    • Electromyographic changes in postmeniscectomy patients
    • Weingarden SI, Louis DL, Waylonis GW. Electromyographic changes in postmeniscectomy patients. JAMA 1979;241:1248-50.
    • (1979) JAMA , vol.241 , pp. 1248-1250
    • Weingarden, S.I.1    Louis, D.L.2    Waylonis, G.W.3
  • 114
    • 0025856568 scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil elastase and oxygen radicals: Synergism in lung injury after hindlimb ischemia
    • Welbourn CRB, Goldman G, Paterson IS, et al. Neutrophil elastase and oxygen radicals: synergism in lung injury after hindlimb ischemia. Am J Physiol 1991;260:1852-6.
    • (1991) Am J Physiol , vol.260 , pp. 1852-1856
    • Welbourn, C.R.B.1    Goldman, G.2    Paterson, I.S.3
  • 115
    • 0015450012 scopus 로고
    • Tourniquet in reconstructive surgery of the hand
    • Wilgis EFS. Tourniquet in reconstructive surgery of the hand. Handchirurgie 1972;4:99-101.
    • (1972) Handchirurgie , vol.4 , pp. 99-101
    • Wilgis, E.F.S.1
  • 116
    • 0031444298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thigh pain following tourniquet application in simultaneous bilateral total knee replacement arthroplasty
    • Worland RL, Arredondo J, Angles F, et al. Thigh pain following tourniquet application in simultaneous bilateral total knee replacement arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 1997;12:848-52.
    • (1997) J Arthroplasty , vol.12 , pp. 848-852
    • Worland, R.L.1    Arredondo, J.2    Angles, F.3
  • 117
    • 0018817508 scopus 로고
    • Enhanced in vivo platelet release reaction, increased thromboxane synthesis, and decreased prostacyclin release after tourniquet ischaemia
    • Zahavi J, Price AJ, Westwick J, et al. Enhanced in vivo platelet release reaction, increased thromboxane synthesis, and decreased prostacyclin release after tourniquet ischaemia. Lancet 1980;2(8196): 663-7.
    • (1980) Lancet , vol.2 , Issue.8196 , pp. 663-667
    • Zahavi, J.1    Price, A.J.2    Westwick, J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.