Mechanisms of liquefaction and pyrolysis reactions of biomass

Energy Conversion and Management

Volumn 41, Issue 6, 2000, Pages 633-646

  Demirbas A ^a  

^a BLACK SEA TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

Author keywords

Liquefaction of biomass; Mechanisms of liquefaction and pyrolysis; Pyrolysis of biomass

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000898859     PISSN: 01968904     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0196-8904(99)00130-2     Document Type: Article

References (89)

1. Ogi T, Yokoyama S. Sekiyu Gakkaishi 1993;36:73.
2. Demirbaş A. Energy Convers Mgmt 1998;39:685.
3. Appell HR, Fu YC, Friedman S, Yavorsky PM, Wender I. Report of Investigation 7560. US Burea of Mines, 1971, Pittsburg.
4. Eager RL, Mathews JF, Pepper JM. Can J Chem Eng 1982;60:289.
5. Boocock DGB, Mackay D, Lee P. Can J Chem Eng 1982;60:802.
6. Beckman D, Boocock DGB. Can J Chem Eng 1983;61:80.
7. Demirbaş A. Fuel Science and Technology Int'l 1991;9:425.
8. Demirbaş A. Fuel Science and Technology Int'l 1994;12:417.
9. Hsu C-C, Nixon AN. Ind Eng Chem Prod Res Develop 1981;20:109.
10. Tarabanko FV, Gulbys GR, Kudrashov AV, et al. Wood Chemistry 1989;1:95.
11. Demirbaş A. Fuel Science and Technology Int'l 1992;10:173.
12. Demirbaş A. Chim Acta Turc 1985;13:364.
13. Küçük MM, Demirbaş A. Cellulose Chem Technol 1993;27:679.
14. Demirbaş A. Bioresource Technology 1998;63:179.
15. Ogi T, Yokoyama S, Koguchi K. Chemical Letters May 1985;1199.
16. Minowa T, Ogi T, Dote Y, Yokoyama S. Int Chem Eng 1994;34:428.
17. Maschio G, Koufopanos C, Lucchesi A. Bioresource Technology 1992;42:219.
18. Bridgwater AV. In: Bridgwater AV, Kuester JL, editors. In Research in thermochemical biomass conversion. London, UK: Elsevier, 1988.
19. Knight JA. In: Progress in Biomass Conversion, vol. 1. New York, NY: Academic Press, 1979.
20. Koufopanos CA, Papayannakos N, Mashio G, Lucchesi A. Can J Chem Eng 1991;69:907.
21. Adjaye JD, Sharma RK, Bakhshi NN. Fuel Processing Technology 1992;31:241.
22. Masuka CP, Vuori A, B-son Bredenberg J. Holzforschung 1988;42:361.
23. Ceylan R, B-son Bredenberg J. Fuel 1982;61:377.
24. Raveendran K, Ganesh A. Fuel 1996;75:1715.
25. Koufopanos CA. Studies on the pyrolysis and gasification of biomass. Comm Eur Comm, Final Report of the Grant Period 1983-1986, 1986.
26. Sorensen HA. Energy conversion systems. New York: Wiley, 1983.
27. Molten PM, Demmitt TF, Donovan JM, Miller RK. Mechanism of conversion of cellulose wastes to liquid in alkaline solution. In: Klass DL, editor. Energy from biomass and wastes III. Chicago, IL: Institute of Gas Technology, 1983. p. 293.
28. Rüstemov VR, Abdullayev KM, Samedov EA. Energy Convers Mgmt 1998;39:869.
29. Eager RL, Pepper JM, Roy JC. Can J Chem 1983;61:2010.
30. Nassar MM, Mackay GDM. Wood Fiber Sci 1984;16:441.
31. Gurkan HH. The conversion of cellulose into liquid organic products. PhD. Dissertation, Columbia University, New York, 1945.
32. Fengel D, Wegener G. In: Wood chemistry, ultrastructure, reactions. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1983. p. 326.
33. Vuory A, B-son Bredenberg J. Holzforschung 1988;42:155.
34. Masuka CP, Vuory A, B-son Bredenberg J. Holzforschung 1988;42:361.
35. Alén R. Bioresource Tecnology 1991;35:103.
36. Nassar MM, MacKay GDM. Wood Fibre Sci 1984;16:441.
37. Beaumont O. Wood Fiber Sci 1985;17:228.
38. Suda K, Shimizu K, Sakurai K. Holzforschung 1985;39:281.
39. Elder E. Wood Sci Technol 1977;11:169.
40. Sakakibara A. Chemical structure of lignin related mainly to degradation products. In: Higuchi T, Chang HM, Kirk TK, editors. Recent advances in lignin biodegradation research. Tokyo: UNI Publisher, 1983. p. 125.
41. Highuci T. Wood Sci Technol 1990;24:23.
42. Soltes EJ, Lin SCK. Chromatography of non-derivatized pyrolysis oils and upgraded products. Producing, Analysing and Upgrading of Oils from Biomass. Symposium sponsered by Div. Fuel Chem at the 193rd Meeting of the Am Chem Soc, Denver. CO, April 5-10 ACS Symp Ser, Div Fuel Chem, Prepr 1987; 32: 276.
43. Pryor WA. In: Free radicals. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1966. p. 28.
44. March J. In: Advanced organic chemistry: reactions, mechanisms and structure. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1977. p. 620.
45. Christopher PM, Vuory A, Bredenberg JB-son. Holzforschung 1988;42:361.
46. Klein MT, Virk PS. Model pathways in lignin thermolysis. Report MIT-EL 1981;99.
47. Domburg G, Rossinskaya G, Sergseva V. Study of thermal stability of β-ether bonds in lignin and its models. In: Therm. Anal. proc. Int. Conf., 4th, Budapest, Vol.2. 1974. p. 221.
48. Tang WK, Neikl KJ. Polym Sci, Part C 1964;6:65.
49. Stamm AJ, Harris E. Chemical processing of wood. New York: Chem. Publ, 1953.
50. Roberts AF, Clough G. Thermal degradation of wood in an inert atmosphere. In: 9th Intern. Symp. Combustion, Pittsburg, PA. 1963. p. 158-66.
51. Brown HP, Panshin AJ, Forsaith CC. In: Textbook of wood technology, vol. II. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1952.
52. Demirbaş A, Akdeniz F, Erdogan Y, Pamuk V. Fuel Science and Tecnology International 1996;14:405.
53. Wenzl HFJ, Brauns FE, Brauns DA. The chemical technology of wood. New York: Academic Press, 1970.
54. Appell HR. In: Anderson L, Tilman DA, editors. Fuels from waste. New York: Academic Press, 1967.
55. Chornet E, Overend RP. Fundamentals of thermochemical biomass conversion. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1985.
56. Russell JA, Miller RK, Molton PM. Biomass. In: Coombs J, Hall DO, editors. 1983;3:43.
57. Yu S-M. US DOE Report LBL-14096, 1982.
58. Boocock DGB, Sherman KM. Can J Chem Eng 1985;63:627.
59. Boocock DGB, Agblevor F, Holysh M, Porretta F, Sherman K. Energy from biomass and wastes IX. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1985.
60. Ross DS, Blessing JE. 173rd national meeting of the american chem. Soc, Div Fuel Chem 1977;22:208.
61. Miller IJ, Fellows SK. Nature 1981;289:398.
62. Theander O, Westerlund E. Acta Chem Scand, Ser B 1980;34:701.
63. Shafizadeh F, Stevenson TT. J Appl Polym Sci 1982;27:4577.
64. Funooka M, Kako T, Abe I. Wood Sci Technol 1990;24:288.
65. Ramiah NV, Goring DAI. Cell Chem Technol 1967;1:277.
66. Freudenberg K, Neish AC. Constitution and biosynthesis of lignin. New York: Springer, 1968.
67. Bleam RD, Harkin JM. Wood Science 1975;8(2):122.
68. Goheen DW. Advan Chem Ser 1966;59:205.
69. Afifi AI, Hindermann JP, Chornet E, Overend RP. Fuel 1988;68:498.
70. Alén R, McKeough P, Oasmaa A, Johansson A. J Wood Chem Technol 1989;9:265.
71. Domansky R, Rendos F. Holz Roh-Werkst 1962;20:473.
72. Berkowitz N. Fuel 1957;26:355.
73. Sandermann W, Augustin H. Holz Roh-Werkst 1963;12:256.
74. Tang WK, Eickner HW. Effect of inorganic salts on pyrolysis of wood, Cellulose and alignin by DTA. USDA Forest Service Research Paper FPL82, 1968.
75. Brown FL. Theories on the combustion of wood and its control. US Forest Product Lab Rep 2136, 1958.
76. Vasilakos NP, Austgen DM. Ind Eng Chem Process Des Develop 1985;24:304.
77. Taylor WI, Battersky AR. In: Oxidative coupling of phenols. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker, 1927. p. 1.
78. Klein MT, Virk PS. Prepr Pap ACS Div Fuel Chem 1980;25:180.
79. Connors WJ, Johanson LN, Sarkanen KV, Winslow P. Holzforschung 1980;34:29.
80. Vuori A, Bredenberg JB-son. Prepr Pap ACS Div Fuel Chem 1985;30:366.
81. Klein MT, Virk PS. Model pathways in lignin thermolysis. Report MIT-EL 1981;99.
82. Gray MR, Coorcoran WH, Gavalas GR. Ind Eng Chem Process Res Dev 1985;24:646.
83. Stray C, Cassidy PJ, Jackson WR, Larkins FP, Sutton JF. Fuel 1986;65:1524.
84. Parkhust Jr. HJ, Huibers DTA, Jones MW. ACS Div Pet Chem 1980;25:657.
85. Lawson JR, Klein MT. Ind Eng Chem Fundam 1985;24:203.
86. Domburg G, Sharapova TE. Khim Drev 1982;4:56.
87. Demirbaş A. Energy 1999;24:1416.
88. Timell TE. Wood Sci Technol 1967;1:45.
89. Demibas A. Energy Educ Sci Technol 1998;1:111.