메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 7, 1998, Pages 1497-1515

Sensitivity of the Simulated Climate to a Diagnostic Formulation for Cloud Liquid Water

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 0000853920     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(1998)011<1497:SOTSCT>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (37)

References (42)
  • 1
    • 0023467577 scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic constraint on the cloud liquid water feedback in climate models
    • Betts, A. K., and Harshvardhan, 1987: Thermodynamic constraint on the cloud liquid water feedback in climate models. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 8483-8485.
    • (1987) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.92 , pp. 8483-8485
    • Betts, A.K.1    Harshvardhan2
  • 2
    • 0022264253 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of general circulation model sea-surface temperature anomaly simulations using a linear model. Part I: Forced solutions
    • Branstator, G., 1985: Analysis of general circulation model sea-surface temperature anomaly simulations using a linear model. Part I: Forced solutions. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2225-2241.
    • (1985) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.42 , pp. 2225-2241
    • Branstator, G.1
  • 3
    • 0026439814 scopus 로고
    • Delta-Eddington approximation for solar radiation in the NCAR Community Climate Model
    • Briegleb, B. P., 1992: Delta-Eddington approximation for solar radiation in the NCAR Community Climate Model. J. Geophys. Res., 97, 7603-7612.
    • (1992) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.97 , pp. 7603-7612
    • Briegleb, B.P.1
  • 4
    • 0024251180 scopus 로고
    • A methodology for understanding and intercomparing atmospheric climate feedback processes in general circulation models
    • Cess, R. D., and G. L. Potter, 1988: A methodology for understanding and intercomparing atmospheric climate feedback processes in general circulation models. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 8305-8314.
    • (1988) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.93 , pp. 8305-8314
    • Cess, R.D.1    Potter, G.L.2
  • 5
    • 0025680011 scopus 로고
    • Intercomparison and interpretation of climate feedback processes in nineteen atmospheric general circulation models
    • Coauthors
    • _, and Coauthors, 1990: Intercomparison and interpretation of climate feedback processes in nineteen atmospheric general circulation models. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 16 601-16 615.
    • (1990) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.95 , pp. 16601-16615
  • 6
    • 0030449120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloud feedback in atmospheric general circulation models: An update
    • Coauthors
    • _, and Coauthors, 1996: Cloud feedback in atmospheric general circulation models: An update. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 12 791-12 794.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , pp. 12791-12794
  • 7
    • 0029531522 scopus 로고
    • Effects of longwave cloud radiative forcing anomalies on the atmospheric response to equatorial sea surface temperature anomalies
    • Chen, M., R. D. Cess, and M.-H. Zhang, 1995: Effects of longwave cloud radiative forcing anomalies on the atmospheric response to equatorial sea surface temperature anomalies. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 13 791-13 810.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100 , pp. 13791-13810
    • Chen, M.1    Cess, R.D.2    Zhang, M.-H.3
  • 8
    • 0029751999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prognostic cloud water parameterization for global models
    • Del Genio, A. D., M. S. Yao, W. Kovari, and K.-W. Lo, 1996: A prognostic cloud water parameterization for global models. J. Climate, 9, 270-304.
    • (1996) J. Climate , vol.9 , pp. 270-304
    • Del Genio, A.D.1    Yao, M.S.2    Kovari, W.3    Lo, K.-W.4
  • 9
    • 0029774487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liquid and ice cloud microphysics in the CSU general circulation model. Part I: Model description and simulated microphysical processes
    • Fowler, L. D., D. A. Randall, and S. A. Rutledge, 1996: Liquid and ice cloud microphysics in the CSU general circulation model. Part I: Model description and simulated microphysical processes. J. Climate, 9, 489-529.
    • (1996) J. Climate , vol.9 , pp. 489-529
    • Fowler, L.D.1    Randall, D.A.2    Rutledge, S.A.3
  • 10
    • 0028869201 scopus 로고
    • Cloud radiative effects on implied oceanic energy transports as simulated by atmospheric general circulation models
    • Gleckler, P. J., and Coauthors, 1995: Cloud radiative effects on implied oceanic energy transports as simulated by atmospheric general circulation models. Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 791-794.
    • (1995) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.22 , pp. 791-794
    • Gleckler, P.J.1
  • 11
    • 0000246706 scopus 로고
    • Observations of the global characteristics and regional radiative effects of marine cloud liquid water
    • Greenwald, T. J., G. L. Stephens, S. A. Christopher, and T. H. Vonder Haar, 1995: Observations of the global characteristics and regional radiative effects of marine cloud liquid water. J. Climate, 8, 2928-2946.
    • (1995) J. Climate , vol.8 , pp. 2928-2946
    • Greenwald, T.J.1    Stephens, G.L.2    Christopher, S.A.3    Vonder Haar, T.H.4
  • 12
    • 0031667829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the improvement in implied meridional ocean energy transport as simulated by NCAR CCM3
    • Hack, J. J., 1998: Analysis of the improvement in implied meridional ocean energy transport as simulated by NCAR CCM3. J. Climate, 11, 1237-1244.
    • (1998) J. Climate , vol.11 , pp. 1237-1244
    • Hack, J.J.1
  • 13
    • 0003501882 scopus 로고
    • Description of the NCAR Community Climate Model (CCM2)
    • National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO [NTIS PB93-221802/AS.]
    • _, B. A. Boville, B. P. Briegleb, J. T. Kiehl, P. J. Rasch, and D. L. Williamson, 1993: Description of the NCAR Community Climate Model (CCM2). NCAR Tech. Note NCAR/TN-382+STR, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, 108 pp. [NTIS PB93-221802/AS.]
    • (1993) NCAR Tech. Note NCAR-TN-382+STR , pp. 108
    • Boville, B.A.1    Briegleb, B.P.2    Kiehl, J.T.3    Rasch, P.J.4    Williamson, D.L.5
  • 14
    • 0000182586 scopus 로고
    • Climate statistics from the NCAR Community Climate Model (CCM2)
    • _, _, J. T. Kiehl, P. J. Rasch, and D. L. Williamson, 1994: Climate statistics from the NCAR Community Climate Model (CCM2). J. Geophys. Res., 99, 20 785-20 813.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99 , pp. 20785-20813
    • Kiehl, J.T.1    Rasch, P.J.2    Williamson, D.L.3
  • 15
    • 0031661950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hydrologic and thermodynamic characteristics of the NCAR CCM3
    • _, J. T. Kiehl, and J. W. Hurrell, 1998: The hydrologic and thermodynamic characteristics of the NCAR CCM3. J. Climate, 11, 1179-1206.
    • (1998) J. Climate , vol.11 , pp. 1179-1206
    • Kiehl, J.T.1    Hurrell, J.W.2
  • 16
    • 0019697466 scopus 로고
    • The steady linear response of a spherical atmosphere to thermal and orographic forcing
    • Hoskins, B., and D. J. Karoly, 1981: The steady linear response of a spherical atmosphere to thermal and orographic forcing. J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1179-1196.
    • (1981) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.38 , pp. 1179-1196
    • Hoskins, B.1    Karoly, D.J.2
  • 17
    • 0004034150 scopus 로고
    • Monthly mean global satellite data sets available in CCM history tape format
    • National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO
    • Hurrell, J. W., and G. G. Campbell, 1992: Monthly mean global satellite data sets available in CCM history tape format. NCAR Tech. Note NCAR/TN-371+STR, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, 94 pp.
    • (1992) NCAR Tech. Note NCAR-TN-371+STR , pp. 94
    • Hurrell, J.W.1    Campbell, G.G.2
  • 19
    • 0028601735 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of a GCM climate simulation to differences in continental versus maritime cloud drop size
    • Kiehl, J. T., 1994: Sensitivity of a GCM climate simulation to differences in continental versus maritime cloud drop size. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 23 107-23 115.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99 , pp. 23107-23115
    • Kiehl, J.T.1
  • 20
    • 0025621056 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of cloud forcing derived from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment with that simulated by the NCAR Community Climate Model
    • _, and V. Ramanathan, 1990: Comparison of cloud forcing derived from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment with that simulated by the NCAR Community Climate Model. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 11 679-11 698.
    • (1990) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.95 , pp. 11679-11698
    • Ramanathan, V.1
  • 21
    • 0026300556 scopus 로고
    • A new parameterization of the absorptance due to the 15-μm band system of carbon dioxide
    • _, and B. P. Briegleb, 1991: A new parameterization of the absorptance due to the 15-μm band system of carbon dioxide. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 9013-9019.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , pp. 9013-9019
    • Briegleb, B.P.1
  • 22
    • 0031457607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Earth's annual global mean energy budget
    • _, and K. E. Trenberth, 1997: Earth's annual global mean energy budget. Bull Amer. Meteor. Soc., 78, 197-208.
    • (1997) Bull Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.78 , pp. 197-208
    • Trenberth, K.E.1
  • 23
    • 0345042420 scopus 로고
    • Documentation of radiation and cloud routines in the NCAR Community Climate Model (CCM1)
    • Boulder, CO
    • _, R. J. Wolski, B. P. Briegleb, and V. Ramanathan, 1987: Documentation of radiation and cloud routines in the NCAR Community Climate Model (CCM1). NCAR Tech. Note NCAR/TN-288+IA, Boulder, CO.
    • (1987) NCAR Tech. Note NCAR/TN-288+IA
    • Wolski, R.J.1    Briegleb, B.P.2    Ramanathan, V.3
  • 24
    • 0028581204 scopus 로고
    • The simulated earth radiation budget of the NCAR CCM2 and comparisons with the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE)
    • _, J. J. Hack, and B. P. Briegleb, 1994: The simulated earth radiation budget of the NCAR CCM2 and comparisons with the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE). J. Geophys. Res., 99, 20 815-20 827.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99 , pp. 20815-20827
    • Hack, J.J.1    Briegleb, B.P.2
  • 26
    • 0031718804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model: CCM3
    • _, _, _, _, D. L. Williamson, and P. J. Rasch, 1998: The National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model: CCM3. J. Climate, 11, 1131-1150.
    • (1998) J. Climate , vol.11 , pp. 1131-1150
    • Williamson, D.L.1    Rasch, P.J.2
  • 27
    • 0025206053 scopus 로고
    • Mean seasonal and spatial variability in gage-corrected, global precipitation
    • Legates, D. R., and C. J. Willmott, 1990: Mean seasonal and spatial variability in gage-corrected, global precipitation. Int. J. Climatol., 10, 111-127.
    • (1990) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.10 , pp. 111-127
    • Legates, D.R.1    Willmott, C.J.2
  • 28
    • 0028594316 scopus 로고
    • Observations of cloud liquid water path over oceans: Optical and microwave remote sensing methods
    • Lin, B., and W. B. Rossow, 1994: Observations of cloud liquid water path over oceans: Optical and microwave remote sensing methods. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 20 907-20 927.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99 , pp. 20907-20927
    • Lin, B.1    Rossow, W.B.2
  • 29
    • 0020899477 scopus 로고
    • Global measurements of sea surface temperature, wind speed, and atmospheric water content from satellite microwave radiometry
    • Njoku, E. G., and L. Swanson, 1983: Global measurements of sea surface temperature, wind speed, and atmospheric water content from satellite microwave radiometry. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 1977-1987.
    • (1983) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.111 , pp. 1977-1987
    • Njoku, E.G.1    Swanson, L.2
  • 30
    • 0020968772 scopus 로고
    • A statistical examination of Nimbus 7 SMMR data and remote sensing of sea surface temperature, liquid water content in the atmosphere, and surface wind speed
    • Prabhakara, C., I. Wang, A. T. C. Chang, and P. Gloersen, 1983: A statistical examination of Nimbus 7 SMMR data and remote sensing of sea surface temperature, liquid water content in the atmosphere, and surface wind speed. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 22, 2023-2037.
    • (1983) J. Climate Appl. Meteor. , vol.22 , pp. 2023-2037
    • Prabhakara, C.1    Wang, I.2    Chang, A.T.C.3    Gloersen, P.4
  • 31
    • 0026293941 scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic regulation of ocean warming by cirrus clouds deduced from observations of the 1987 El Niño
    • Ramanathan, V., and W. Collins, 1991: Thermodynamic regulation of ocean warming by cirrus clouds deduced from observations of the 1987 El Niño. Nature, 351, 27-32.
    • (1991) Nature , vol.351 , pp. 27-32
    • Ramanathan, V.1    Collins, W.2
  • 32
    • 0020918557 scopus 로고
    • The response of a spectral general circulation model to refinements in radiative processes
    • _, E. J. Pitcher, R. C. Malone, and M. L. Blackmon, 1983: The response of a spectral general circulation model to refinements in radiative processes. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 605-630.
    • (1983) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.40 , pp. 605-630
    • Pitcher, E.J.1    Malone, R.C.2    Blackmon, M.L.3
  • 33
    • 0028977681 scopus 로고
    • Calculation of surface and top of atmosphere radiative fluxes from physical quantities based on ISCCP data sets 2. Validation and first results
    • Rossow, W. B., and Y.-C. Zhang, 1995: Calculation of surface and top of atmosphere radiative fluxes from physical quantities based on ISCCP data sets 2. Validation and first results. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 1167-1197.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100 , pp. 1167-1197
    • Rossow, W.B.1    Zhang, Y.-C.2
  • 34
    • 0024226014 scopus 로고
    • The generation of global rotational flow by steady idealized tropical divergence
    • Sardeshmukh, P. D., and B. J. Hoskins, 1988: The generation of global rotational flow by steady idealized tropical divergence. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1228-1251.
    • (1988) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.45 , pp. 1228-1251
    • Sardeshmukh, P.D.1    Hoskins, B.J.2
  • 35
    • 0024824610 scopus 로고
    • A GCM parameterization for the shortwave radiative properties of water clouds
    • Slingo, A., 1989: A GCM parameterization for the shortwave radiative properties of water clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1419-1427.
    • (1989) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 1419-1427
    • Slingo, A.1
  • 36
    • 0023512455 scopus 로고
    • The development and verification of a cloud prediction scheme for the ECMWF model
    • Slingo, J. M., 1987: The development and verification of a cloud prediction scheme for the ECMWF model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 113, 899-927.
    • (1987) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.113 , pp. 899-927
    • Slingo, J.M.1
  • 37
    • 0000100672 scopus 로고
    • Numerical results from a nine-level general circulation model of the atmosphere
    • Smagorinsky, J., S. Manabe, and J. L. Holloway Jr., 1965: Numerical results from a nine-level general circulation model of the atmosphere. Mon. Wea. Rev., 93, 727-768.
    • (1965) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.93 , pp. 727-768
    • Smagorinsky, J.1    Manabe, S.2    Holloway Jr., J.L.3
  • 38
    • 0025204961 scopus 로고
    • A scheme for predicting layer clouds and their water content in a general circulation model
    • Smith, R. N. B., 1990: A scheme for predicting layer clouds and their water content in a general circulation model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 116, 436-460.
    • (1990) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.116 , pp. 436-460
    • Smith, R.N.B.1
  • 40
    • 0002863770 scopus 로고
    • Parameterization of condensation and associated clouds in models for weather prediction and general circulation simulation
    • M. E. Schlesinger, Ed., Kluwer Academic Publishers
    • Sundqvist, H., 1988: Parameterization of condensation and associated clouds in models for weather prediction and general circulation simulation. Physically Based Modelling and Simulation of Climate and Climatic Change, M. E. Schlesinger, Ed., Vol. 1, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 433-461.
    • (1988) Physically Based Modelling and Simulation of Climate and Climatic Change , vol.1 , pp. 433-461
    • Sundqvist, H.1
  • 41
    • 0027833866 scopus 로고
    • Inclusion of ice-phase of hydrometeors in cloud parameterizations for mesoscale and large-scale models
    • _, 1993: Inclusion of ice-phase of hydrometeors in cloud parameterizations for mesoscale and large-scale models. Contrib. Atmos. Phys., 66, 137-147.
    • (1993) Contrib. Atmos. Phys. , vol.66 , pp. 137-147
  • 42
    • 0027799811 scopus 로고
    • Representation of clouds in large-scale models
    • Tiedtke, M., 1993: Representation of clouds in large-scale models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 3040-3061.
    • (1993) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.121 , pp. 3040-3061
    • Tiedtke, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.