A comparison of chloride ion diffusion coefficients derived from concentration gradients and non-steady state accelerated ionic migration

Materials and Structures/Materiaux et Constructions

Volumn 29, Issue 8, 1996, Pages 476-484

  Andrade, C ^a,c,d,e,f   Whiting, D ^b  

^a INSTITUTO DE CIENCIAS DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN EDUARDO TORROJA   (Spain)

^b Structural and Architectural Engineering   (United States)

^c Instituto Eduardo Torroja ^*

^d Advisory Technical Committee

^e 116 PCD Tech Comm Permeability C

^f 154 EMC Tech Comm E

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000827968     PISSN: 13595997     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/bf02486282     Document Type: Review

References (29)

1. Tuutti, K., 'Corrosion of Steel in Concrete', CBI Forsknung Research, Swedish Cement and Concrete Research, Stockholm, Sweden, 1982, 486pp.
2. ACI 318-89 (Revised 1992) 'Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete', American Concrete Institute, Detroit, Michigan, 1992, 347 pp.
3. ENV - 1992 - I-I - Design of concrete structures (1993).
4. Saetta, A.V., Scotta, R.V., and Vitaliani, R.V., 'Analysis of chloride into partially-saturated concrete', ACI J. 90 (1993) 441-451.
5. Buenfeld, N.R. and Newman, J.B., 'Examination of three methods for studying ion diffusion in cement pastes, mortars and concrete', Materials and Structures 20 (1987) 3-10.
6. Goto, S., Roy, D.M., 'Diffusion of ions through hardened cement pastes' Cement and Concrete Research 11 (1981) 751-757.
7. Page, C.L., Short N.R., El Tarras, A., 'Diffusion of chloride ions in hardened cement pastes', Cement and Concrete Research 11 (1981) 395-406.
8. Jaegerman, C., 'Effect of water/cement ratio and curing on chloride penetration into concrete exposed to the Mediterranean Sea', ACI Materials Journal 87 (4) (1990) 333-339.
9. Gjörv, O.E., Vennesland, O., 'Diffusion of chloride ions from sea water into concrete', Cement and Concrete Research 9 (1979) 229-232.
10. Bamforth, P.B., Chapman-Andrews, J., 'Long-term performance of RC elements under UK coastal conditions', Int. Conference on Corrosion and Corrosion Protection of steel in concrete, Sheffield (UK) July 1994, pp. 139-158.
11. AASHTO T 277-93, 'Standard Method of Test for Electrical Indication of Concrete's Ability to Resist Chloride', American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), Standard Specifications for Transportation Materials and Methods of Sampling and Testing, Sixteenth Edition, 1993, Part II-Tests, Washington, DC, pp. 876-881.
12. ASTM C 1202-94, 'Standard Test Method for Electrical Indication of Concrete's Ability to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration', American Society for Testing and Materials, 1994 Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 04.02-Concrete and Aggregates, Philadelphia, PA, 1994, pp. 620-625.
13. Whiting, D., 'Rapid determination of the chloride permeability of concrete', FHWA/RD-81/119, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC, 1981, 174 pp.
14. Zhang, M.H. and Gjorv, O.E., 'Permeability of high-strength light-weight concrete', ACI J. 88 (1991) 463-469.
15. Detwiler, R.J., Kjellsen, K.O., and Gjorv, O.E., 'Resistance to chloride intrusion of concrete cured at different temperatures', ACI J. 88 (1991) 19-24.
16. Pfeifer, D.W., McDonald, D.B., and Krauss, P.D., The rapid chloride permeability test and its correlation to the 90-day ponding test', PCI J. 1 (1994) 38-47.
17. Arup, H., Sorensen, B., Frederiksen, J., and Thaulow, N., 'The rapid chloride permeation test - An assessment', Corrosion/93, paper no 334, March 7-12, 1993, New Orleans, Louisiana.
18. Andrade, C., 'Calculation of chloride diffusion coefficients in concrete from ionic migration measurements,' Cement and Concrete Research 23 (1993) 724-742.
19. Andrade, C., Sanjuán, M.A., Recuero, A. and Río, O., 'Calculation of chloride diffusivity in concrete from migration experiments in non-steady-state conditions', Cement and Concrete Research 24 (1994) 1214-1228.
20. Clear, K.C. and Chollar, B.H., 'Styrene-butadiene latex modifiers for bridge deck overlay concrete', FHWA-RD- 78-35, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC, 1978, 124 pp.
21. Jenkins, G.H. and Butler, J.M., 'Internally-sealed concrete', FGWA-RD-75-20, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC, 1975, 106 pp.
22. Cowan, W.C., Lockman, W.T., Smoak, W.G., and DePuy, G.W., 'Introduction to concrete polymer materials', FHWA-RD-527, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC, 1975, 79 pp.
23. Steinberg, M., Kukacka, L.E., Colombo, P., Auskern, A., Reich, M., Hendrik, J.M., and Pike, R.G., 'Conrete-polymer materials for highway applications : Progress Report no 1, BNL 15395, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 1970, 73 pp.
24. Atkinson A., Nickerson, A.K. 'The diffusion of ions through water - saturated cement', Journal of Materials Science 19 (1984) 3068-3078.
25. Moragues, A., Goñi, S. and Andrade, C., 'Chemical characterization of synthetic concrete pore solutions', Advances in Cementitious Materials - S. Mindess Ed., Ceramic Transactions 16 (1990) 57-65.
26. Berke, N.S. and Hicks, M.C., 'Estimating the life cycle of reinforced concrete decks and marine piles using laboratory diffusion and corrosion data', Corrosion forms and control of infrastructure, ASTM STP 1137, V. Chacker Ed. ASTM, Philadelphia, (1992) 207-231.
27. Whiting, D., 'In-situ measurement of the permeability of concrete to chloride Ions', In-situ Nondestructive Testing of Concrete, ACI SP-82, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, Michigan, 1984, pp. 501-524.
28. Bockris, J.O'M. and Reddy, A.K.N., 'Modern Electrochemistry' (Plenum Press Ed., New York, 1974).
29. Bard, A.J. and Faulkner, L.R., 'Electrochemical Methods Fundamentals and Applications' (John Wiley & Sons Ed., 1980).