메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 42, Issue 5 II, 1997, Pages 1039-1051

Gymnodinium breve red tide blooms: Initiation, transport, and consequences of surface circulation

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COASTAL ZONE; CURRENTS; DISTRIBUTION PATTERN; EDDY SYSTEMS; RED TIDES;

EID: 0000802244     PISSN: 00243590     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4319/lo.1997.42.5_part_2.1039     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (286)

References (66)
  • 1
    • 2642627761 scopus 로고
    • Physiological studies of red tide
    • Galveston Biological Laboratory fishery research for the year ending June 30, 1959
    • ALDRICH, D. V. 1959. Physiological studies of red tide, p. 69-71. In Galveston Biological Laboratory fishery research for the year ending June 30, 1959. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Circ. 62.
    • (1959) U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Circ. , vol.62 , pp. 69-71
    • Aldrich, D.V.1
  • 2
    • 0001582560 scopus 로고
    • Synoptic observations of the three-dimensional structure and propagation of Gulf Stream meanders along the Carolina continental margin
    • BANE, J. M., JR., D. A. BROOKS, AND K. R. LORENSON. 1981. Synoptic observations of the three-dimensional structure and propagation of Gulf Stream meanders along the Carolina continental margin. J. Geophys. Res. 86: 6411-6425.
    • (1981) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.86 , pp. 6411-6425
    • Bane Jr., J.M.1    Brooks, D.A.2    Lorenson, K.R.3
  • 3
    • 2642628773 scopus 로고
    • Science tackles a mystery
    • BURR, J. G. 1945. Science tackles a mystery. Texas Game Fish 3: 4-5.
    • (1945) Texas Game Fish , vol.3 , pp. 4-5
    • Burr, J.G.1
  • 4
    • 0001082836 scopus 로고
    • Water discharged from the Gulf Stream north of Cape Hatteras
    • CHURCHILL, J. H., AND P. C. CORNILLON. 1991. Water discharged from the Gulf Stream north of Cape Hatteras. J. Geophys. Res. 96: 22,227-22,243.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , pp. 22227-22243
    • Churchill, J.H.1    Cornillon, P.C.2
  • 5
    • 0002975720 scopus 로고
    • 25 years experience with Gymnodinium aureolum in Norwegian waters
    • Proc. 5th Int. Conf. on Toxic marine phytoplankton. Elsevier
    • DAHL, E., AND K. TANGEN. 1993. 25 years experience with Gymnodinium aureolum in Norwegian waters, p. 15-21. In Toxic phytoplankton blooms in the sea. Proc. 5th Int. Conf. on Toxic marine phytoplankton. Elsevier.
    • (1993) Toxic Phytoplankton Blooms in the Sea , pp. 15-21
    • Dahl, E.1    Tangen, K.2
  • 6
    • 0028193709 scopus 로고
    • Numerical studies of eddy shedding in the Gulf of Mexico
    • DIETRICH, D. E., AND C. A. LIN. 1994. Numerical studies of eddy shedding in the Gulf of Mexico. J. Geophys. Res. 99: 7599-7615.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99 , pp. 7599-7615
    • Dietrich, D.E.1    Lin, C.A.2
  • 7
    • 84950017070 scopus 로고
    • Distribution and occurrence of Gymnodinium breve on the west coast of Florida 1964-65
    • DRAGOVICH, A., AND J. A. KELLY, JR. 1966. Distribution and occurrence of Gymnodinium breve on the west coast of Florida 1964-65. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Rep. 541.
    • (1966) U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Rep. , pp. 541
    • Dragovich, A.1    Kelly Jr., J.A.2
  • 9
    • 2642630801 scopus 로고
    • Frontal eddy dynamics (FRED) experiment off North Carolina
    • U.S. Dep. Inter.
    • FRED GROUP. 1989. Frontal eddy dynamics (FRED) experiment off North Carolina. OCS Study MMS Tech. Rep. 89-0028. U.S. Dep. Inter.
    • (1989) OCS Study MMS Tech. Rep. , pp. 89-10028
  • 10
    • 0002639633 scopus 로고
    • Toxic and potentially toxic dinoflagellates found in Galacian Rias (NW Spain)
    • Elsevier
    • FRAGA, S., AND F. J. SANCHEZ. 1985. Toxic and potentially toxic dinoflagellates found in Galacian Rias (NW Spain), p. 51-54. In Toxic dinoflagellates: Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. Elsevier.
    • (1985) Toxic Dinoflagellates: Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. , pp. 51-54
    • Fraga, S.1    Sanchez, F.J.2
  • 11
    • 32644440752 scopus 로고
    • Historical sketch of the explorations in the Gulf of Mexico
    • GALTSOFF, P. S. 1954. Historical sketch of the explorations in the Gulf of Mexico. Fish. Bull. 55: 3-98.
    • (1954) Fish. Bull. , vol.55 , pp. 3-98
    • Galtsoff, P.S.1
  • 12
    • 0027072886 scopus 로고
    • The influence of irradiance on growth, photosynthesis and respiration of Gyrodinium cf. aureolum
    • GARCIA, V. M. T., AND D. A. PURDIE. 1992. The influence of irradiance on growth, photosynthesis and respiration of Gyrodinium cf. aureolum. J. Plankton Res. 14: 1251-1256.
    • (1992) J. Plankton Res. , vol.14 , pp. 1251-1256
    • Garcia, V.M.T.1    Purdie, D.A.2
  • 13
    • 0002312833 scopus 로고
    • Gymnodinium breve: Ubiquitous in Gulf of Mexico waters?
    • Proc. 5th Int. Conf. on Toxic Marine Phytoplankton. Elsevier
    • GEESEY, M., AND P. A. TESTER. 1993. Gymnodinium breve: Ubiquitous in Gulf of Mexico waters?, p. 251-255. In Toxic phytoplankton blooms in the sea. Proc. 5th Int. Conf. on Toxic Marine Phytoplankton. Elsevier.
    • (1993) Toxic Phytoplankton Blooms in the Sea , pp. 251-255
    • Geesey, M.1    Tester, P.A.2
  • 14
    • 2642689726 scopus 로고
    • Dinoflagellates of the Gulf of Mexico
    • GRAHAM, H. W. 1954. Dinoflagellates of the Gulf of Mexico. Fish. Bull. 55: 223-226.
    • (1954) Fish. Bull. , vol.55 , pp. 223-226
    • Graham, H.W.1
  • 15
    • 0037938316 scopus 로고
    • The importance of catastrophic mortalities for marine fisheries along the Texas coast
    • GUNTER, G. 1952. The importance of catastrophic mortalities for marine fisheries along the Texas coast. J. Wild. Manage. 16: 63-69.
    • (1952) J. Wild. Manage. , vol.16 , pp. 63-69
    • Gunter, G.1
  • 17
    • 0002320799 scopus 로고
    • Oceanic intrusion: One possible initiation mechanism of red tide blooms on the west coast of Florida
    • Elsevier
    • _, AND K. L. CARDER. 1979. Oceanic intrusion: One possible initiation mechanism of red tide blooms on the west coast of Florida, p. 269-274. In Toxic dinoflagellate blooms: Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. Elsevier.
    • (1979) Toxic Dinoflagellate Blooms: Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. , pp. 269-274
    • Carder, K.L.1
  • 20
    • 0004580318 scopus 로고
    • An investigation of the circulation of the Gulf of Mexico
    • HOFMANN, E. E., AND S. J. WORLEY. 1986. An investigation of the circulation of the Gulf of Mexico. J. Geophys. Res. 91: 14,221-14,236.
    • (1986) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.91 , pp. 14221-14236
    • Hofmann, E.E.1    Worley, S.J.2
  • 21
    • 0001867154 scopus 로고
    • Marine dinoflagellate blooms: Growth strategies and environmental exploitation
    • Elsevier
    • HOLLIGAN, P. M. 1985. Marine dinoflagellate blooms: Growth strategies and environmental exploitation, p. 133-139. In Toxic dinoflagellates: Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. Elsevier.
    • (1985) Toxic Dinoflagellates: Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. , pp. 133-139
    • Holligan, P.M.1
  • 22
    • 0000375968 scopus 로고
    • Intrusion of Loop Current waters onto the west Florida continental shelf
    • HUH, O. K., W. J. WIESMAN, JR., AND L. J. ROUSE, JR. 1981. Intrusion of Loop Current waters onto the west Florida continental shelf. J. Geophys. Res. 86: 4186-4192.
    • (1981) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.86 , pp. 4186-4192
    • Huh, O.K.1    Wiesman Jr., W.J.2    Rouse Jr., L.J.3
  • 23
    • 2642659459 scopus 로고
    • Florida Department of Natural Resources red tide research program
    • Mass. Sci. Technol. Found.
    • JOYCE, E. A., AND B. S. ROBERTS. 1975. Florida Department of Natural Resources red tide research program, p. 95-103. In Proc. 1st Int. Conf. on Toxic Dinoflagellate Blooms. Mass. Sci. Technol. Found.
    • (1975) Proc. 1st Int. Conf. on Toxic Dinoflagellate Blooms , pp. 95-103
    • Joyce, E.A.1    Roberts, B.S.2
  • 24
    • 0242494640 scopus 로고
    • Known geographic range of Gymnodinium brevis Davis
    • LACKEY, J. B. 1956. Known geographic range of Gymnodinium brevis Davis. Q. J. Fla. Acad. Sci. 19: 71.
    • (1956) Q. J. Fla. Acad. Sci. , vol.19 , pp. 71
    • Lackey, J.B.1
  • 25
    • 2642595121 scopus 로고
    • Microbial studies in the FWPCA project area with comparisons to other subtropical and tropical areas
    • Fla. Ocean Sci. Inst. Rep. AR-69-2
    • _. 1969. Microbial studies in the FWPCA project area with comparisons to other subtropical and tropical areas, p. 52-58. In Demonstration of the limitations and effects of waste disposal on an ocean shelf. Fla. Ocean Sci. Inst. Rep. AR-69-2.
    • (1969) Demonstration of the Limitations and Effects of Waste Disposal on an Ocean Shelf , pp. 52-58
  • 26
    • 0028585480 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the Tortugas gyre and its influence on recruitment in the Florida Keys
    • LEE, T. N., M. E. CLARKE, E. WILLIAMS, A. F. SZMANT, AND T. BERGER. 1994. Evolution of the Tortugas gyre and its influence on recruitment in the Florida Keys. Bull. Mar. Sci. 54: 621-646.
    • (1994) Bull. Mar. Sci. , vol.54 , pp. 621-646
    • Lee, T.N.1    Clarke, M.E.2    Williams, E.3    Szmant, A.F.4    Berger, T.5
  • 27
    • 0001457835 scopus 로고
    • Wind-forced transport fluctuations of the Florida Current
    • _, AND E. WILLIAMS. 1988. Wind-forced transport fluctuations of the Florida Current. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 18: 937-946.
    • (1988) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.18 , pp. 937-946
    • Williams, E.1
  • 28
    • 0026379468 scopus 로고
    • Gulf Stream frontal eddy influence on productivity of the southeast U.S. continental shelf
    • _, J. A. YODER, AND L. P. ATKINSON. 1991. Gulf Stream frontal eddy influence on productivity of the southeast U.S. continental shelf. J. Geophys. Res. 96: 22,191-22,205.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , pp. 22191-22205
    • Yoder, J.A.1    Atkinson, L.P.2
  • 30
    • 0020369524 scopus 로고
    • The composition of phytoplankton within the Chesapeake Bay plume and adjacent waters off the Virginia coast
    • MARSHALL, H. G. 1982. The composition of phytoplankton within the Chesapeake Bay plume and adjacent waters off the Virginia coast, U.S.A. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci. 15: 29-43.
    • (1982) U.S.A. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci. , vol.15 , pp. 29-43
    • Marshall, H.G.1
  • 32
    • 2642654302 scopus 로고
    • The annual cycle of the Gulf Loop Part 1: Observations during a one-year time series
    • MAUL, G. A. 1977. The annual cycle of the Gulf Loop Part 1: Observations during a one-year time series. J. Mar. Res. 35: 219-247.
    • (1977) J. Mar. Res. , vol.35 , pp. 219-247
    • Maul, G.A.1
  • 33
    • 0005608795 scopus 로고
    • Fate of satellite-tracked buoys and drift cards off the southeastern Atlantic coast of the United States
    • _, AND N. J. BRAVO. 1989. Fate of satellite-tracked buoys and drift cards off the southeastern Atlantic coast of the United States. Fla. Sci. 52: 154-170.
    • (1989) Fla. Sci. , vol.52 , pp. 154-170
    • Bravo, N.J.1
  • 34
    • 0027884169 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between variations in the Gulf of Mexico Loop Current and Straits of Florida volume transport
    • _, AND F. M. VUKOVICH. 1993. The relationship between variations in the Gulf of Mexico Loop Current and Straits of Florida volume transport. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 23: 785-796.
    • (1993) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.23 , pp. 785-796
    • Vukovich, F.M.1
  • 36
    • 0018964612 scopus 로고
    • Current variability and its relation to sea-surface topography in the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico
    • MOLINARI, R. 1980. Current variability and its relation to sea-surface topography in the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico. Mar. Geod. 3: 409-436.
    • (1980) Mar. Geod. , vol.3 , pp. 409-436
    • Molinari, R.1
  • 37
    • 0007700592 scopus 로고
    • The frontal systems in the Iroise Sea: Development of Gyrodinium aureolum Hulburt on the inner front
    • J. D. Ross [ed.], Topics in marine biology
    • MORIN, P. J., J. L. BIRRDIEN, AND P. LECORRE. 1989. The frontal systems in the Iroise Sea: Development of Gyrodinium aureolum Hulburt on the inner front, p. 215-221. In J. D. Ross [ed.], Topics in marine biology. Sci. Mar. 53.
    • (1989) Sci. Mar. , vol.53 , pp. 215-221
    • Morin, P.J.1    Birrdien, J.L.2    Lecorre, P.3
  • 38
    • 84983870771 scopus 로고
    • An explanation for the Florida east coast Gymnodinium breve red tide of November 1972
    • MURPHY, E. B., K. A. STEIDINGER, B. S. ROBERTS, J. WILLIAMS, AND J. W. JOLLEY. 1975. An explanation for the Florida east coast Gymnodinium breve red tide of November 1972. Limnol. Oceanogr. 20: 481-486.
    • (1975) Limnol. Oceanogr. , vol.20 , pp. 481-486
    • Murphy, E.B.1    Steidinger, K.A.2    Roberts, B.S.3    Williams, J.4    Jolley, J.W.5
  • 40
    • 0029502592 scopus 로고
    • Mississippi River flood waters that reached the Gulf Stream
    • ORTNER, P. B., AND OTHERS. 1995. Mississippi River flood waters that reached the Gulf Stream. J. Geophys. Res. 100: 13,595-13,601.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100 , pp. 13595-13601
    • Ortner, P.B.1
  • 41
    • 0020848136 scopus 로고
    • Observations of a Loop Current frontal eddy intrusion onto the west Florida shelf
    • PALUSZKIEWICZ, T., L. P. ATKINSON, E. S. POSMENTIER, AND C. R. MCCLAIN. 1983. Observations of a Loop Current frontal eddy intrusion onto the west Florida shelf. J. Geophys. Res. 88: 9639-9652.
    • (1983) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.88 , pp. 9639-9652
    • Paluszkiewicz, T.1    Atkinson, L.P.2    Posmentier, E.S.3    Mcclain, C.R.4
  • 42
    • 0000316256 scopus 로고
    • Occurrence of Gymnodinium breve red tides along the west and east coasts of Florida during 1976 and 1977
    • Elsevier
    • ROBERTS, B. S. 1979. Occurrence of Gymnodinium breve red tides along the west and east coasts of Florida during 1976 and 1977, p. 199-202. In Toxic dinoflagellate blooms: Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. Elsevier.
    • (1979) Toxic Dinoflagellate Blooms: Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. , pp. 199-202
    • Roberts, B.S.1
  • 45
    • 0002327263 scopus 로고
    • Biosynthesis of brevetoxins and heterotrophic metabolism in Gymnodinium breve
    • Proc. 6th Int. Conf. on Toxic Marine Phytoplankton. Lavoisier
    • SHIMIZU, Y., N. WATANABE, AND G. WRENSFORD. 1995. Biosynthesis of brevetoxins and heterotrophic metabolism in Gymnodinium breve, p. 351-375. In Harmful marine algal blooms. Proc. 6th Int. Conf. on Toxic Marine Phytoplankton. Lavoisier.
    • (1995) Harmful Marine Algal Blooms , pp. 351-375
    • Shimizu, Y.1    Watanabe, N.2    Wrensford, G.3
  • 47
    • 0000012803 scopus 로고
    • Hydrographic properties and circulation of the North Carolina shelf and slope waters
    • STEFÁNSSON, U., L. P. ATKINSON, AND D. G. BUMPUS. 1971. Hydrographic properties and circulation of the North Carolina shelf and slope waters. Deep-Sea Res. 18: 383-420.
    • (1971) Deep-Sea Res. , vol.18 , pp. 383-420
    • Stefánsson, U.1    Atkinson, L.P.2    Bumpus, D.G.3
  • 49
    • 0000367953 scopus 로고
    • Biological and hydrographic aspects of red tides
    • _, AND K. HADDAD. 1981. Biological and hydrographic aspects of red tides. BioScience 31: 814-819.
    • (1981) BioScience , vol.31 , pp. 814-819
    • Haddad, K.1
  • 52
    • 0006283058 scopus 로고
    • Marine dinoflagellate blooms: Dynamics and impacts
    • C. A. Lembi and J. R. Waaland [eds.], Cambridge
    • _, AND G. A. VARGO. 1988. Marine dinoflagellate blooms: Dynamics and impacts, p. 373-401. In C. A. Lembi and J. R. Waaland [eds.], Algae and human affairs. Cambridge.
    • (1988) Algae and Human Affairs , pp. 373-401
    • Vargo, G.A.1
  • 53
    • 0028594968 scopus 로고
    • The frequency of ring separations from the Loop Current
    • STURGES, W. 1994. The frequency of ring separations from the Loop Current. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 24: 1647-1651.
    • (1994) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.24 , pp. 1647-1651
    • Sturges, W.1
  • 54
    • 0020850067 scopus 로고
    • On the variability of the Loop Current in the Gulf of Mexico
    • _, AND J. C. EVANS. 1983. On the variability of the Loop Current in the Gulf of Mexico. J. Mar. Res. 41: 639-653.
    • (1983) J. Mar. Res. , vol.41 , pp. 639-653
    • Evans, J.C.1
  • 55
    • 0000313790 scopus 로고
    • Brevetoxin contamination of Mercenaria mercenaria and Crassostrea virginica: A management issue
    • Elsevier
    • TESTER, P. A., AND P. K. FOWLER. 1990. Brevetoxin contamination of Mercenaria mercenaria and Crassostrea virginica: A management issue, p. 499-503. In Toxic marine phytoplankton: Proc. 4th Int. Conf. Elsevier.
    • (1990) Toxic Marine Phytoplankton: Proc. 4th Int. Conf. , pp. 499-503
    • Tester, P.A.1    Fowler, P.K.2
  • 56
    • 0002980785 scopus 로고
    • Gymnodinium breve and global warming: What are the possibilities?
    • Proc. 5th Int. Conf. on Toxic Marine Phytoplankton. Elsevier
    • _, M. E. GEESEY, AND F. M. VUKOVICH. 1993. Gymnodinium breve and global warming: What are the possibilities?, p. 76-72. In Toxic phytoplankton blooms in the sea. Proc. 5th Int. Conf. on Toxic Marine Phytoplankton. Elsevier.
    • (1993) Toxic Phytoplankton Blooms in the Sea , pp. 76-172
    • Geesey, M.E.1    Vukovich, F.M.2
  • 57
    • 0026381613 scopus 로고
    • An expatriate red tide bloom: Transport, distribution, and persistence
    • _, R. P. STUMPF, F. M. VUKOVICH, P. K. FOWLER, AND J. T. TURNER. 1991. An expatriate red tide bloom: Transport, distribution, and persistence. Limnol. Oceanogr. 36: 1053-1061.
    • (1991) Limnol. Oceanogr. , vol.36 , pp. 1053-1061
    • Stumpf, R.P.1    Vukovich, F.M.2    Fowler, P.K.3    Turner, J.T.4
  • 58
    • 2642698932 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the 1986-87 Texas red tide (Ptychodiscus brevis)
    • TREBATOSKI, B. 1988. Observations on the 1986-87 Texas red tide (Ptychodiscus brevis). Texas Water Comm. Rep. 88-02.
    • (1988) Texas Water Comm. Rep. , pp. 88-102
    • Trebatoski, B.1
  • 59
    • 0023482513 scopus 로고
    • The potential contribution of primary production by red tides to the west Florida shelf ecosystem
    • VARGO, G. A., K. L. CARDER, W. GREGG, E. SHANLEY, AND C. HEIL. 1987. The potential contribution of primary production by red tides to the west Florida shelf ecosystem. Limnol. Oceanogr. 32: 762-767.
    • (1987) Limnol. Oceanogr. , vol.32 , pp. 762-767
    • Vargo, G.A.1    Carder, K.L.2    Gregg, W.3    Shanley, E.4    Heil, C.5
  • 60
    • 0022213227 scopus 로고
    • Alkaline phosphatase activity in the red tide dinoflagellate Ptychodiscus brevis
    • _, AND E. SHANLEY. 1985. Alkaline phosphatase activity in the red tide dinoflagellate Ptychodiscus brevis. Mar. Ecol. 6: 251-264.
    • (1985) Mar. Ecol. , vol.6 , pp. 251-264
    • Shanley, E.1
  • 62
    • 0018717089 scopus 로고
    • Some aspects of the oceanography of the Gulf of Mexico using satellite and in situ data
    • VUKOVICH, F. M., B. M. CRESSMAN, M. BUSHNELL, AND W. J. KING. 1979. Some aspects of the oceanography of the Gulf of Mexico using satellite and in situ data. J. Geophys. Res. 84: 7749-7768.
    • (1979) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.84 , pp. 7749-7768
    • Vukovich, F.M.1    Cressman, B.M.2    Bushnell, M.3    King, W.J.4
  • 63
    • 0030209404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal modulation of the west Florida continental shelf circulation
    • WEISBERG, R. H., B. D. BLACK, AND HUIJUN-YANG. 1996. Seasonal modulation of the west Florida continental shelf circulation. Geophys. Res. Lett. 23: 2247-2250.
    • (1996) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.23 , pp. 2247-2250
    • Weisberg, R.H.1    Black, B.D.2    Huijun-Yang3
  • 65
    • 0001163606 scopus 로고
    • The occurrence of Gymnodinium brevis in the western Gulf of Mexico
    • WILSON, W. B., AND S. M. RAY. 1956. The occurrence of Gymnodinium brevis in the western Gulf of Mexico. Ecology 37: 388.
    • (1956) Ecology , vol.37 , pp. 388
    • Wilson, W.B.1    Ray, S.M.2
  • 66
    • 0022199742 scopus 로고
    • Phytoplankton dynamics within Gulf Stream intrusions on the southeastern United States continental shelf during summer 1981
    • YODER, J. A., AND OTHERS. 1985. Phytoplankton dynamics within Gulf Stream intrusions on the southeastern United States continental shelf during summer 1981. Cont. Shelf Res. 4: 6511-6535.
    • (1985) Cont. Shelf Res. , vol.4 , pp. 6511-6535
    • Yoder, J.A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.