메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 22, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 222-245

Current approaches to modelling the spread of wildland fire: A review

Author keywords

Fire behaviour; Fire danger rating; Fire spread modelling; Geographic information systems; Wildland fire

Indexed keywords


EID: 0000751811     PISSN: 03091333     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1191/030913398675585936     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (137)

References (126)
  • 2
    • 0344319830 scopus 로고
    • Physical models for fire spread in brush
    • Pittsburgh, PA: The Combustion Institute
    • Albini, F.A. 1967: Physical models for fire spread in brush. In The eleventh symposium (international) on combustion, Pittsburgh, PA: The Combustion Institute, 553-60.
    • (1967) The Eleventh Symposium (International) on Combustion , pp. 553-560
    • Albini, F.A.1
  • 3
    • 84948508770 scopus 로고
    • A model for fire spread in wildland fuels by radiation
    • 1985: A model for fire spread in wildland fuels by radiation. Combustion Science and Technology 42, 229-58.
    • (1985) Combustion Science and Technology , vol.42 , pp. 229-258
  • 4
    • 0000302011 scopus 로고
    • Wildland fire spread by radiation - A model including fuel cooling by natural convection
    • 1986: Wildland fire spread by radiation - a model including fuel cooling by natural convection. Combustion Science and Technology 45, 101-13.
    • (1986) Combustion Science and Technology , vol.45 , pp. 101-113
  • 9
    • 0028159148 scopus 로고
    • Restoration of landscape structure altered by fire suppression
    • Baker, W.L. 1994: Restoration of landscape structure altered by fire suppression. Conservation Biology 8, 763-769.
    • (1994) Conservation Biology , vol.8 , pp. 763-769
    • Baker, W.L.1
  • 12
    • 84979339883 scopus 로고
    • Bushfire rate of spread forecasting: Deterministic and statistical approaches to fire modelling
    • Beer, T. 1991: Bushfire rate of spread forecasting: deterministic and statistical approaches to fire modelling. Journal of Forecasting 10, 301-307.
    • (1991) Journal of Forecasting , vol.10 , pp. 301-307
    • Beer, T.1
  • 15
    • 0024196450 scopus 로고
    • Evidence from the Swartkans Cave for the earliest use of fire
    • Brain, C.K. and Sillen, A. 1988: Evidence from the Swartkans Cave for the earliest use of fire. Nature 336, 464-66.
    • (1988) Nature , vol.336 , pp. 464-466
    • Brain, C.K.1    Sillen, A.2
  • 16
    • 0001753985 scopus 로고
    • A model for the effects of fire and fragmentation on the population viability of the Splendid Fairy-wren
    • Brooker, L.C. and Brooker, M.G. 1994: A model for the effects of fire and fragmentation on the population viability of the Splendid Fairy-wren. Pacific Conservation Biology 1, 344-58.
    • (1994) Pacific Conservation Biology , vol.1 , pp. 344-358
    • Brooker, L.C.1    Brooker, M.G.2
  • 17
    • 0344401620 scopus 로고
    • Field test of a rate-of-fire spread model in slash fuels
    • Brown, J.K. 1972: Field test of a rate-of-fire spread model in slash fuels. USDA Forest Service Research Paper INT-116 Washington, DC: USDA.
    • (1972) USDA Forest Service Research Paper INT , vol.116
    • Brown, J.K.1
  • 19
    • 0021644046 scopus 로고
    • Mapping broad-area fire potential from digital fuel terrain and weather data
    • Burgan, R.E. and Shasby, M.B. 1984: Mapping broad-area fire potential from digital fuel terrain and weather data. Journal of Forestry 82, 228-31.
    • (1984) Journal of Forestry , vol.82 , pp. 228-231
    • Burgan, R.E.1    Shasby, M.B.2
  • 20
    • 0002265638 scopus 로고
    • Combustion of forest fuels
    • Davis, K.P., editor, New York: McGraw & Hill
    • Byram, G.M. 1959: Combustion of forest fuels. In Davis, K.P., editor, Forest fire: control and use, New York: McGraw & Hill, 65-89.
    • (1959) Forest Fire: Control and Use , pp. 65-89
    • Byram, G.M.1
  • 21
    • 0026593635 scopus 로고
    • Fire, succession and reserve management in a New Zealand snow tussock grassland
    • Calder, J.A., Bastow-Wilson, J., Mark, A.F. and Ward, G. 1992: Fire, succession and reserve management in a New Zealand snow tussock grassland. Biological Conservation 62, 35-45.
    • (1992) Biological Conservation , vol.62 , pp. 35-45
    • Calder, J.A.1    Bastow-Wilson, J.2    Mark, A.F.3    Ward, G.4
  • 24
    • 0001162272 scopus 로고
    • Physical models for a spreading line-fire
    • Catchpole, T. and de Mestre, N. 1986: Physical models for a spreading line-fire. Australian Forestry 49, 102-11.
    • (1986) Australian Forestry , vol.49 , pp. 102-111
    • Catchpole, T.1    De Mestre, N.2
  • 25
    • 38249004425 scopus 로고
    • Fire spread through non-homogeneous fuel modelled as a Markov process
    • Catchpole, T., Hatton, T.J. and Catchpole, W.R. 1989: Fire spread through non-homogeneous fuel modelled as a Markov process. Ecological Modelling 48, 101-12.
    • (1989) Ecological Modelling , vol.48 , pp. 101-112
    • Catchpole, T.1    Hatton, T.J.2    Catchpole, W.R.3
  • 28
    • 84971030227 scopus 로고
    • The influence of fuel, weather, and fire shape variables on fire-spread in grasslands
    • Cheney, N.P., Gould, J.S. and Catchpole, W.R. 1993: The influence of fuel, weather, and fire shape variables on fire-spread in grasslands. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 3, 31-44.
    • (1993) International Journal of Wildland Fire , vol.3 , pp. 31-44
    • Cheney, N.P.1    Gould, J.S.2    Catchpole, W.R.3
  • 29
    • 33744765871 scopus 로고
    • Modelisation de la progression des feux de forêt, phénomène chaotique
    • Chevrou, R.B. 1992: Modelisation de la progression des feux de forêt, phénomène chaotique. Revue Forestière Français 44, 435-45.
    • (1992) Revue Forestière Français , vol.44 , pp. 435-445
    • Chevrou, R.B.1
  • 31
    • 0024856071 scopus 로고
    • Application of remotely-sensed data and geographic information systems to forest fire hazard mapping
    • Chuvieco, E. and Congalton, R.G. 1989: Application of remotely-sensed data and geographic information systems to forest fire hazard mapping. Remote-Sensing of Environment 29, 147-59.
    • (1989) Remote-Sensing of Environment , vol.29 , pp. 147-159
    • Chuvieco, E.1    Congalton, R.G.2
  • 34
    • 0008580311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Refining a cellular automata model of wildfire propagation and extinction
    • Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T., Parks, B.O., Johnston, C., Maidment, D., Crane, M. and Glendinning, S., editors, Fort Collins, CO: GIS World Books
    • Clarke, K.C. and Olsen, C. 1996: Refining a cellular automata model of wildfire propagation and extinction. In Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T., Parks, B.O., Johnston, C., Maidment, D., Crane, M. and Glendinning, S., editors, CIS and environmental modeling: progress and research issues, Fort Collins, CO: GIS World Books, 333-39.
    • (1996) CIS and Environmental Modeling: Progress and Research Issues , pp. 333-339
    • Clarke, K.C.1    Olsen, C.2
  • 35
    • 0003093960 scopus 로고
    • Wildfire: An interaction of biological and physical processes
    • Tiffney, B.H., editor, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press
    • Cope, M.J. and Chaloner, W.G. 1985: Wildfire: an interaction of biological and physical processes. In Tiffney, B.H., editor, Geological factors and the evolution of plants, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 257-77.
    • (1985) Geological Factors and the Evolution of Plants , pp. 257-277
    • Cope, M.J.1    Chaloner, W.G.2
  • 37
    • 0001813831 scopus 로고
    • Spatial simulation of fire regime in Meditteraneanclimate landscapes
    • Moreno, J.M. and Oechel, W.C., editors, New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Davis, F.W. and Burrows, D.A. 1994: Spatial simulation of fire regime in Meditteraneanclimate landscapes. In Moreno, J.M. and Oechel, W.C., editors, The role of fire in Mediterranean-type ecosystems, New York: Springer-Verlag, 117-39.
    • (1994) The Role of Fire in Mediterranean-type Ecosystems , pp. 117-139
    • Davis, F.W.1    Burrows, D.A.2
  • 39
    • 34147120474 scopus 로고
    • A note on two problems in connection with graphs
    • Dijkstra, E.W. 1959: A note on two problems in connection with graphs. Numerical Mathematics 1, 269-71.
    • (1959) Numerical Mathematics , vol.1 , pp. 269-271
    • Dijkstra, E.W.1
  • 40
    • 0021516907 scopus 로고
    • A model of the spreading of a forest fire
    • Dorrer, G.A. 1984: A model of the spreading of a forest fire. Heat Transfer - Soviet Research 16, 39-52.
    • (1984) Heat Transfer - Soviet Research , vol.16 , pp. 39-52
    • Dorrer, G.A.1
  • 41
    • 0002087226 scopus 로고
    • GIS and environmental modeling
    • Goodchild, M.F., Parks, B.O. and Steyaert, L.T., editors, New York: Oxford University Press.
    • Fedra, K. 1993: GIS and environmental modeling. In Goodchild, M.F., Parks, B.O. and Steyaert, L.T., editors, Environmental modeling with GIS, New York: Oxford University Press. 35-51.
    • (1993) Environmental Modeling with GIS , pp. 35-51
    • Fedra, K.1
  • 42
    • 0001802152 scopus 로고
    • Modeling the spread and behavior of prescribed fires
    • October 26-28, 1993, Jekyll Island, Georgia, Bethseda, MD: Society of American Foresters
    • Finney, M.A. 1993: Modeling the spread and behavior of prescribed fires. In Proceedings of the twelfth conference of fire and forest meteorology, October 26-28, 1993, Jekyll Island, Georgia, Bethseda, MD: Society of American Foresters, 138-43.
    • (1993) Proceedings of the Twelfth Conference of Fire and Forest Meteorology , pp. 138-143
    • Finney, M.A.1
  • 44
    • 85034183303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (URL: http://www.montana.com/sem).
  • 45
    • 0002010726 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of fire spread in light forest fules
    • Fons, W.L. 1946: Analysis of fire spread in light forest fules. Journal of Agricultural Research 72, 93-121.
    • (1946) Journal of Agricultural Research , vol.72 , pp. 93-121
    • Fons, W.L.1
  • 47
    • 0015008818 scopus 로고
    • Fire spread through porous fuels through the conservation of energy
    • Frandsen, W.H. 1971: Fire spread through porous fuels through the conservation of energy. Combustion and Flame 16, 9-16.
    • (1971) Combustion and Flame , vol.16 , pp. 9-16
    • Frandsen, W.H.1
  • 51
    • 0008064998 scopus 로고
    • Estimating wildland fire rate of spread in a spatially non-uniform environment
    • Fujioka, F.M. 1985: Estimating wildland fire rate of spread in a spatially non-uniform environment Forest Science 31, 21-29.
    • (1985) Forest Science , vol.31 , pp. 21-29
    • Fujioka, F.M.1
  • 52
    • 0019763961 scopus 로고
    • Post-settlement fire history in the Victorian landscape
    • Gill, A.M., Groves, R.H. and Noble, I.R., editors, Canberra: Australian Academy of Science
    • Gill, A.M. 1981: Post-settlement fire history in the Victorian landscape. In Gill, A.M., Groves, R.H. and Noble, I.R., editors, Fire and the Australian biota, Canberra: Australian Academy of Science, 77-98.
    • (1981) Fire and the Australian Biota , pp. 77-98
    • Gill, A.M.1
  • 54
    • 0042461359 scopus 로고
    • Validation of the Rothermel model and related fuel parameters in grassland fuels
    • Cheney, N.P. and Gill, A.M., editors, Canberra, 11-12 July, 1988, Canberra: CSIRO
    • Gould, J.S. 1988: Validation of the Rothermel model and related fuel parameters in grassland fuels. In Cheney, N.P. and Gill, A.M., editors, Proceedings of the conference on bushfire modelling and fire danger rating systems, Canberra, 11-12 July, 1988, Canberra: CSIRO, 51-64.
    • (1988) Proceedings of the Conference on Bushfire Modelling and Fire Danger Rating Systems , pp. 51-64
    • Gould, J.S.1
  • 55
    • 0021030707 scopus 로고
    • Shapes of similar fires in discrete fuels
    • Green, D.G. 1983: Shapes of similar fires in discrete fuels. Ecological Modelling 20, 21-32.
    • (1983) Ecological Modelling , vol.20 , pp. 21-32
    • Green, D.G.1
  • 56
    • 0024879731 scopus 로고
    • Simulated effects of fire, dispersal and
    • 1989: Simulated effects of fire, dispersal and spatial pattern on competition with forest mosaics. Vegetatio 82, 139-53.
    • (1989) Vegetatio , vol.82 , pp. 139-153
  • 57
    • 0021060734 scopus 로고
    • Fire shapes and the adequacy of fire-spread models
    • Green, D.G., Gill, A.M. and Noble, I.R. 1983: Fire shapes and the adequacy of fire-spread models. Ecological Modelling 20, 33-45.
    • (1983) Ecological Modelling , vol.20 , pp. 33-45
    • Green, D.G.1    Gill, A.M.2    Noble, I.R.3
  • 59
    • 33744732131 scopus 로고
    • Steady-state propagation of a high-level forest fire
    • Grishin, A.M. 1984: Steady-state propagation of a high-level forest fire. Soviet Physics Doklady 29, 917-19 (English translation).
    • (1984) Soviet Physics Doklady , vol.29 , pp. 917-919
    • Grishin, A.M.1
  • 60
    • 0001321639 scopus 로고
    • Mathematical modelling of the spread of high-level forestfires
    • Grishin, A.M., Gruzin, A.D. and Zuverev, V.G. 1983: Mathematical modelling of the spread of high-level forestfires. Soviet Physics Doklady 28, 328-30. (English translation).
    • (1983) Soviet Physics Doklady , vol.28 , pp. 328-330
    • Grishin, A.M.1    Gruzin, A.D.2    Zuverev, V.G.3
  • 61
    • 0020332255 scopus 로고
    • Horizontal roll vortices and crown fires
    • Haines, D.A. 1982: Horizontal roll vortices and crown fires. Journal of Applied Meteorology 21, 751-63.
    • (1982) Journal of Applied Meteorology , vol.21 , pp. 751-763
    • Haines, D.A.1
  • 62
    • 0024607206 scopus 로고
    • Geographic information systems: Providing information for wildland fire planning
    • Hamilton, M.P., Salazar, L.A. and Palmer, K.F. 1989: Geographic information systems: providing information for wildland fire planning. Fire Technology 5, 5-23.
    • (1989) Fire Technology , vol.5 , pp. 5-23
    • Hamilton, M.P.1    Salazar, L.A.2    Palmer, K.F.3
  • 63
    • 38249029191 scopus 로고
    • Cellular automata as a paradigm for ecological modelling
    • Hogewog, P. 1988: Cellular automata as a paradigm for ecological modelling. Applied Mathematics and Computation 27, 81-100.
    • (1988) Applied Mathematics and Computation , vol.27 , pp. 81-100
    • Hogewog, P.1
  • 66
    • 0019759095 scopus 로고
    • Pre-Quaternary fire in Australia
    • Gill, A.M., Groves, R.H. and Noble, I.R., editors, Canberra: Australian Academy of Science
    • Kemp, E.M. 1981: Pre-Quaternary fire in Australia. In Gill, A.M., Groves, R.H. and Noble, I.R., editors, Fire and the Australian biota, Canberra: Australian Academy of Science, 3-21.
    • (1981) Fire and the Australian Biota , pp. 3-21
    • Kemp, E.M.1
  • 67
    • 33744720744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The integration of empirical modeling, dynamic process modeling, visualization, and CIS for bushfire decision support in Australia
    • Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T., Parks, B.O., Johnston, C, Maidment, D., Crane, M. and Glendinning, S., editors, Fort Collins, CO: GIS World Books
    • Kessell, S.R. 1996: The integration of empirical modeling, dynamic process modeling, visualization, and CIS for bushfire decision support in Australia, in Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T., Parks, B.O., Johnston, C, Maidment, D., Crane, M. and Glendinning, S., editors, CIS and environmental modeling: progress and research issues, Fort Collins, CO: GIS World Books, 367-73.
    • (1996) CIS and Environmental Modeling: Progress and Research Issues , pp. 367-373
    • Kessell, S.R.1
  • 68
    • 0017943767 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a fire behaviour information integration system for southern Californian chaparral wildlands
    • Kessell, S.R. and Cattelino, P.J. 1978: Evaluation of a fire behaviour information integration system for southern Californian chaparral wildlands. Environmental Management 2, 135-59.
    • (1978) Environmental Management , vol.2 , pp. 135-159
    • Kessell, S.R.1    Cattelino, P.J.2
  • 69
    • 0000737576 scopus 로고
    • A model for a small forest fire to simulate burned and burning areas for use in a detection model
    • Kourtz, P.H. and O'Regan, W.G. 1971: A model for a small forest fire to simulate burned and burning areas for use in a detection model. Forest Science 17, 163-169.
    • (1971) Forest Science , vol.17 , pp. 163-169
    • Kourtz, P.H.1    O'Regan, W.G.2
  • 72
    • 0028978782 scopus 로고
    • Modelling the effects of wildfire on the viability of metapopulations of the endangered Australian species of marsupial, Leadbetter's possum
    • Lmdenmayer, D.B. and Possingham, H.P. 1995: Modelling the effects of wildfire on the viability of metapopulations of the endangered Australian species of marsupial, Leadbetter's possum. Forest Ecology and Management 74, 197-222.
    • (1995) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.74 , pp. 197-222
    • Lmdenmayer, D.B.1    Possingham, H.P.2
  • 73
    • 0029667695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ranking conservation and timber management options for Leadbetter's possum in southeastern Australia using population viability analysis
    • 1996: Ranking conservation and timber management options for Leadbetter's possum in southeastern Australia using population viability analysis. Conservation Biology 10, 235-51.
    • (1996) Conservation Biology , vol.10 , pp. 235-251
  • 75
    • 0025627042 scopus 로고
    • SHRUBKILL: A decision support system for management burns in Australian savannas
    • Ludwig, J.A. 1990: SHRUBKILL: a decision support system for management burns in Australian savannas. Journal of Biogeography 17: 547-50.
    • (1990) Journal of Biogeography , vol.17 , pp. 547-550
    • Ludwig, J.A.1
  • 76
    • 0023700904 scopus 로고
    • Computer simulations of fire behaviour in garrigue in southern France
    • Malanson, G.P. and Trabaud, L. 1988: Computer simulations of fire behaviour in garrigue in southern France. Applied Geography 8, 53-64
    • (1988) Applied Geography , vol.8 , pp. 53-64
    • Malanson, G.P.1    Trabaud, L.2
  • 80
    • 0024153913 scopus 로고
    • Priority ranking for prescribed burning in the Cuymancho Ranch State Park using a geographic information system
    • McKinsey, D. 1988: Priority ranking for prescribed burning in the Cuymancho Ranch State Park using a geographic information system. In Proceedings LIS/GIS symposium 198S. Nov. 30-Dec. 2. San Antonio. Volume 2, 961-70.
    • (1988) Proceedings LIS/GIS Symposium 198S. Nov. 30-Dec. 2. San Antonio. , vol.2 , pp. 961-970
    • McKinsey, D.1
  • 84
    • 0001047596 scopus 로고
    • Biased percolation: Forest fires with wind
    • Ohtsuki, T. and Keyes, T. 1986: Biased percolation: forest fires with wind. Journal of Physics A 19, L231-L287.
    • (1986) Journal of Physics a , vol.19
    • Ohtsuki, T.1    Keyes, T.2
  • 86
    • 0011071025 scopus 로고
    • The shape of mild fires in Jarrah forest
    • Peel, G.B. 1967: The shape of mild fires in Jarrah forest. Australian Forestry 31, 121-27.
    • (1967) Australian Forestry , vol.31 , pp. 121-127
    • Peel, G.B.1
  • 87
    • 0027869137 scopus 로고
    • The properties of elliptical wildfire growth for time dependent fuel and meteorological conditions
    • Richards, G.D. 1993: The properties of elliptical wildfire growth for time dependent fuel and meteorological conditions. Combustion Science Technology 92, 145-71.
    • (1993) Combustion Science Technology , vol.92 , pp. 145-171
    • Richards, G.D.1
  • 91
    • 85034181853 scopus 로고
    • Spatial analysis of fire behaviour for fuel management decision making
    • ASPRS, Falls Church, VA, poster paper.
    • Salazar, L.A. and Palmer, K.E. 1987: Spatial analysis of fire behaviour for fuel management decision making. In Proceedings of the GIS/LIS '87 symposium. ASPRS, Falls Church, VA, poster paper.
    • (1987) Proceedings of the GIS/LIS '87 Symposium.
    • Salazar, L.A.1    Palmer, K.E.2
  • 94
    • 0000202339 scopus 로고
    • Behaviour of experimental grass fires vs. prediction based on Rothermel's fire model
    • Sneeuwjagt, R.J. and Frandsen, W.H. 1977: Behaviour of experimental grass fires vs. prediction based on Rothermel's fire model. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 7, 357-67.
    • (1977) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.7 , pp. 357-367
    • Sneeuwjagt, R.J.1    Frandsen, W.H.2
  • 95
    • 0025940045 scopus 로고
    • Reconstruction of fire whirls using scale models
    • Soma, S. and Saito, K. 1991: Reconstruction of fire whirls using scale models. Combustion and Flame 86, 269-84.
    • (1991) Combustion and Flame , vol.86 , pp. 269-284
    • Soma, S.1    Saito, K.2
  • 99
    • 0024880320 scopus 로고
    • Do one percent of forest fires cause ninety-nine percent of the damage?
    • Strauss, D., Bednar, L. and Mees, R. 1989: Do one percent of forest fires cause ninety-nine percent of the damage? Forest Science 35, 319-28.
    • (1989) Forest Science , vol.35 , pp. 319-328
    • Strauss, D.1    Bednar, L.2    Mees, R.3
  • 100
    • 0000450218 scopus 로고
    • Some aspects of the spread and growth of fire in the open
    • Thomas, P.H. 1967: Some aspects of the spread and growth of fire in the open. Forestry 20, 139-64.
    • (1967) Forestry , vol.20 , pp. 139-164
    • Thomas, P.H.1
  • 101
    • 0000208527 scopus 로고
    • Rates of spread of some wind-driven fires
    • 1971: Rates of spread of some wind-driven fires. Forestry 44, 155-75.
    • (1971) Forestry , vol.44 , pp. 155-175
  • 102
    • 0000093345 scopus 로고
    • A simple fire-growth model
    • van Wagner, C.E. 1969: A simple fire-growth model The Forestry Chronicle 45, 103-104.
    • (1969) The Forestry Chronicle , vol.45 , pp. 103-104
    • Wagner, C.E.1
  • 104
    • 0000717348 scopus 로고
    • Effect of slope on fires spreading downhill
    • 1988: Effect of slope on fires spreading downhill. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, 819-20.
    • (1988) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.18 , pp. 819-820
  • 105
    • 0000417504 scopus 로고
    • Prediction of crown fire behavior in two stands of jack pine
    • 1993: Prediction of crown fire behavior in two stands of jack pine. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 23, 442-49.
    • (1993) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.23 , pp. 442-449
  • 106
    • 0022226944 scopus 로고
    • Fire modelling in South African fynbos (macchia) vegetation and predictions from Rothermel's fire model
    • van Wilgen, B.W., le Maitre, D.C. and Kruger, F.J. 1985: Fire modelling in South African fynbos (macchia) vegetation and predictions from Rothermel's fire model. Journal of Applied Ecology 22, 207-16.
    • (1985) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.22 , pp. 207-216
    • Wilgen, B.W.1    Le Maitre, D.C.2    Kruger, F.J.3
  • 107
  • 108
    • 0002654846 scopus 로고
    • FIREMAP - Simulation of fire growth with a geographic information system
    • Vasconcelos, M.J. and Guertin, D. P. 1992: FIREMAP - simulation of fire growth with a geographic information system. International Journal of Wildland Fire 2, 87-96.
    • (1992) International Journal of Wildland Fire , vol.2 , pp. 87-96
    • Vasconcelos, M.J.1    Guertin, D.P.2
  • 110
    • 0343967911 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of forest fires as a directed percolation model
    • von Messen, W. and Blumen, A. 1986: Dynamics of forest fires as a directed percolation model. journal of Physics A 19, L289-L293.
    • (1986) Journal of Physics a , vol.19
    • Messen, W.1    Blumen, A.2
  • 111
    • 0024225169 scopus 로고
    • Dynamic simulation of forest fires
    • 1988: Dynamic simulation of forest fires. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, 805-12.
    • (1988) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.18 , pp. 805-812
  • 113
    • 0024912532 scopus 로고
    • Analytical models for fire spread due to radiation
    • Weber, R.O. 1989a: Analytical models for fire spread due to radiation. Combustion and Flame 78, 398-408.
    • (1989) Combustion and Flame , vol.78 , pp. 398-408
    • Weber, R.O.1
  • 114
    • 0005961497 scopus 로고
    • Thermal theory for determining the burning velocity of a laminar flame using the inflection point in the temperature profile
    • 1989b: Thermal theory for determining the burning velocity of a laminar flame using the inflection point in the temperature profile. Combustion Science Technology 64, 135-39.
    • (1989) Combustion Science Technology , vol.64 , pp. 135-139
  • 115
    • 0025568158 scopus 로고
    • A model for fire propagation in arrays
    • 1990: A model for fire propagation in arrays. Mathematical find Computer Modelling 13, 95-102.
    • (1990) Mathematical Find Computer Modelling , vol.13 , pp. 95-102
  • 116
    • 0025898324 scopus 로고
    • Modelling fire spread through fuel beds
    • 1991a: Modelling fire spread through fuel beds. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 17, 67-82.
    • (1991) Progress in Energy and Combustion Science , vol.17 , pp. 67-82
  • 117
    • 84971030302 scopus 로고
    • Towards a comprehensive fire spread model
    • 1991b. Towards a comprehensive fire spread model. International Journal of Wildland Fire 1, 245-48.
    • (1991) International Journal of Wildland Fire , vol.1 , pp. 245-248
  • 118
    • 0029731169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating dynamic environmental models in GIS: The development of a dynamic modelling language
    • Wesselling, C.G., Kassenburg, D.J, Burrough, P.A. and van Deursen, W.P.A. 1996: Integrating dynamic environmental models in GIS: the development of a dynamic modelling language. Transactions in CIS 1, 1-9.
    • (1996) Transactions in CIS , vol.1 , pp. 1-9
    • Wesselling, C.G.1    Kassenburg, D.J.2    Burrough, P.A.3    Van Deursen, W.P.A.4
  • 119
    • 0004246698 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • Whelan, R.J. 1995: The ecology of fire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1995) The Ecology of Fire.
    • Whelan, R.J.1
  • 121
    • 33744734343 scopus 로고
    • Urban and wildfire phenomenology
    • 1985: Urban and wildfire phenomenology. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 8, 317-54.
    • (1985) Progress in Energy and Combustion Science , vol.8 , pp. 317-354
  • 123
    • 0024220038 scopus 로고
    • Width of firebreak that is necessary to stop grassfires
    • Wilson, A.A.G. 1988: Width of firebreak that is necessary to stop grassfires. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, 682-87.
    • (1988) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.18 , pp. 682-687
    • Wilson, A.A.G.1
  • 124
    • 0028582510 scopus 로고
    • Regeneration of native forest on Hinewai Reserve, Banks Peninsula
    • Wilson, H.D. 1994: Regeneration of native forest on Hinewai Reserve, Banks Peninsula. New Zealand Journal of Botany 32, 373-83.
    • (1994) New Zealand Journal of Botany , vol.32 , pp. 373-383
    • Wilson, H.D.1
  • 126
    • 0001274288 scopus 로고
    • Integration of geographic information systems with a diagnostic wind field for fire management
    • Zack, J.A. and Minnich, R.A. 1991: integration of geographic information systems with a diagnostic wind field for fire management. Forest Science 37, 560-74.
    • (1991) Forest Science , vol.37 , pp. 560-574
    • Zack, J.A.1    Minnich, R.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.