Ring Transformations of Heterocyclic Compounds. XVI [1]. Spiro[cyclohexadiene-dihydroacridines]. A Novel Class of Spirodihydroacridines by Ring Transformation of Pyrylium Salts with 9-Methylacridine and its Quaternary Salts

Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry

Volumn 35, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 787-793

  Zimmermann, Thomas ^a   Abram, Ulrich ^b   Schmidt, Klaus ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEIPZIG   (Germany)

^b INSTITUTE OF ION BEAM PHYSICS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000667738     PISSN: 0022152X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570350403     Document Type: Article

References (49)

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6. For reviews see: Photochromism, Techniques of Chemistry, Vol 3, G. H. Brown, ed, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1971; A. S. Kholmanskii, A. V. Zubkov, and K. M. Dyamaev, Russ. Chem. Rev., 50, 305 (1981), Usp. Khim., 50, 569 (1981); H. Dürr, Angew. Chem., 101, 427 (1989); Photochromism, Molecules and Systems, Studies in Organic Chemistry, Vol 40, H. Dürr and H. Bouas-Laurent, eds, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Tokyo, 1990; Organic Photochromes, A. V. El'tsov, ed, Plenum Press, New York, 1990; S. M. Aldoshin, Russ. Chem. Rev., 59, 663 (1990); Usp. Khim., 59, 1144 (1990); B. L. Feringa, W. F. Jager, and B. de Lange, Tetrahedron, 49, 8627 (1993); J.-I. Anzai and T. Osa, Tetrahedron, 50, 4039 (1994).
7. For reviews see: Photochromism, Techniques of Chemistry, Vol 3, G. H. Brown, ed, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1971; A. S. Kholmanskii, A. V. Zubkov, and K. M. Dyamaev, Russ. Chem. Rev., 50, 305 (1981), Usp. Khim., 50, 569 (1981); H. Dürr, Angew. Chem., 101, 427 (1989); Photochromism, Molecules and Systems, Studies in Organic Chemistry, Vol 40, H. Dürr and H. Bouas-Laurent, eds, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Tokyo, 1990; Organic Photochromes, A. V. El'tsov, ed, Plenum Press, New York, 1990; S. M. Aldoshin, Russ. Chem. Rev., 59, 663 (1990); Usp. Khim., 59, 1144 (1990); B. L. Feringa, W. F. Jager, and B. de Lange, Tetrahedron, 49, 8627 (1993); J.-I. Anzai and T. Osa, Tetrahedron, 50, 4039 (1994).
8. For reviews see: Photochromism, Techniques of Chemistry, Vol 3, G. H. Brown, ed, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1971; A. S. Kholmanskii, A. V. Zubkov, and K. M. Dyamaev, Russ. Chem. Rev., 50, 305 (1981), Usp. Khim., 50, 569 (1981); H. Dürr, Angew. Chem., 101, 427 (1989); Photochromism, Molecules and Systems, Studies in Organic Chemistry, Vol 40, H. Dürr and H. Bouas-Laurent, eds, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Tokyo, 1990; Organic Photochromes, A. V. El'tsov, ed, Plenum Press, New York, 1990; S. M. Aldoshin, Russ. Chem. Rev., 59, 663 (1990); Usp. Khim., 59, 1144 (1990); B. L. Feringa, W. F. Jager, and B. de Lange, Tetrahedron, 49, 8627 (1993); J.-I. Anzai and T. Osa, Tetrahedron, 50, 4039 (1994).
9. For reviews see: Photochromism, Techniques of Chemistry, Vol 3, G. H. Brown, ed, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1971; A. S. Kholmanskii, A. V. Zubkov, and K. M. Dyamaev, Russ. Chem. Rev., 50, 305 (1981), Usp. Khim., 50, 569 (1981); H. Dürr, Angew. Chem., 101, 427 (1989); Photochromism, Molecules and Systems, Studies in Organic Chemistry, Vol 40, H. Dürr and H. Bouas-Laurent, eds, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Tokyo, 1990; Organic Photochromes, A. V. El'tsov, ed, Plenum Press, New York, 1990; S. M. Aldoshin, Russ. Chem. Rev., 59, 663 (1990); Usp. Khim., 59, 1144 (1990); B. L. Feringa, W. F. Jager, and B. de Lange, Tetrahedron, 49, 8627 (1993); J.-I. Anzai and T. Osa, Tetrahedron, 50, 4039 (1994).
10. For reviews see: Photochromism, Techniques of Chemistry, Vol 3, G. H. Brown, ed, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1971; A. S. Kholmanskii, A. V. Zubkov, and K. M. Dyamaev, Russ. Chem. Rev., 50, 305 (1981), Usp. Khim., 50, 569 (1981); H. Dürr, Angew. Chem., 101, 427 (1989); Photochromism, Molecules and Systems, Studies in Organic Chemistry, Vol 40, H. Dürr and H. Bouas-Laurent, eds, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Tokyo, 1990; Organic Photochromes, A. V. El'tsov, ed, Plenum Press, New York, 1990; S. M. Aldoshin, Russ. Chem. Rev., 59, 663 (1990); Usp. Khim., 59, 1144 (1990); B. L. Feringa, W. F. Jager, and B. de Lange, Tetrahedron, 49, 8627 (1993); J.-I. Anzai and T. Osa, Tetrahedron, 50, 4039 (1994).
11. For reviews see: Photochromism, Techniques of Chemistry, Vol 3, G. H. Brown, ed, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1971; A. S. Kholmanskii, A. V. Zubkov, and K. M. Dyamaev, Russ. Chem. Rev., 50, 305 (1981), Usp. Khim., 50, 569 (1981); H. Dürr, Angew. Chem., 101, 427 (1989); Photochromism, Molecules and Systems, Studies in Organic Chemistry, Vol 40, H. Dürr and H. Bouas-Laurent, eds, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Tokyo, 1990; Organic Photochromes, A. V. El'tsov, ed, Plenum Press, New York, 1990; S. M. Aldoshin, Russ. Chem. Rev., 59, 663 (1990); Usp. Khim., 59, 1144 (1990); B. L. Feringa, W. F. Jager, and B. de Lange, Tetrahedron, 49, 8627 (1993); J.-I. Anzai and T. Osa, Tetrahedron, 50, 4039 (1994).
12. For reviews see: Photochromism, Techniques of Chemistry, Vol 3, G. H. Brown, ed, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1971; A. S. Kholmanskii, A. V. Zubkov, and K. M. Dyamaev, Russ. Chem. Rev., 50, 305 (1981), Usp. Khim., 50, 569 (1981); H. Dürr, Angew. Chem., 101, 427 (1989); Photochromism, Molecules and Systems, Studies in Organic Chemistry, Vol 40, H. Dürr and H. Bouas-Laurent, eds, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Tokyo, 1990; Organic Photochromes, A. V. El'tsov, ed, Plenum Press, New York, 1990; S. M. Aldoshin, Russ. Chem. Rev., 59, 663 (1990); Usp. Khim., 59, 1144 (1990); B. L. Feringa, W. F. Jager, and B. de Lange, Tetrahedron, 49, 8627 (1993); J.-I. Anzai and T. Osa, Tetrahedron, 50, 4039 (1994).
13. For reviews see: Photochromism, Techniques of Chemistry, Vol 3, G. H. Brown, ed, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1971; A. S. Kholmanskii, A. V. Zubkov, and K. M. Dyamaev, Russ. Chem. Rev., 50, 305 (1981), Usp. Khim., 50, 569 (1981); H. Dürr, Angew. Chem., 101, 427 (1989); Photochromism, Molecules and Systems, Studies in Organic Chemistry, Vol 40, H. Dürr and H. Bouas-Laurent, eds, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Tokyo, 1990; Organic Photochromes, A. V. El'tsov, ed, Plenum Press, New York, 1990; S. M. Aldoshin, Russ. Chem. Rev., 59, 663 (1990); Usp. Khim., 59, 1144 (1990); B. L. Feringa, W. F. Jager, and B. de Lange, Tetrahedron, 49, 8627 (1993); J.-I. Anzai and T. Osa, Tetrahedron, 50, 4039 (1994).
14. For reviews see: Photochromism, Techniques of Chemistry, Vol 3, G. H. Brown, ed, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1971; A. S. Kholmanskii, A. V. Zubkov, and K. M. Dyamaev, Russ. Chem. Rev., 50, 305 (1981), Usp. Khim., 50, 569 (1981); H. Dürr, Angew. Chem., 101, 427 (1989); Photochromism, Molecules and Systems, Studies in Organic Chemistry, Vol 40, H. Dürr and H. Bouas-Laurent, eds, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Tokyo, 1990; Organic Photochromes, A. V. El'tsov, ed, Plenum Press, New York, 1990; S. M. Aldoshin, Russ. Chem. Rev., 59, 663 (1990); Usp. Khim., 59, 1144 (1990); B. L. Feringa, W. F. Jager, and B. de Lange, Tetrahedron, 49, 8627 (1993); J.-I. Anzai and T. Osa, Tetrahedron, 50, 4039 (1994).
15. O. Brede, L. Goebel, and T. Zimmermann, J. Inf. Rec. Mater., 397 (1996); L. Goebel, O. Brede, and T. Zimmermann, Radiat. Phys. Chem., 47, 369 (1996); O. Brede, L. Goebel, and T. Zimmermann, J. Phys. Chem. A, 101, 4103 (1997).
16. O. Brede, L. Goebel, and T. Zimmermann, J. Inf. Rec. Mater., 397 (1996); L. Goebel, O. Brede, and T. Zimmermann, Radiat. Phys. Chem., 47, 369 (1996); O. Brede, L. Goebel, and T. Zimmermann, J. Phys. Chem. A, 101, 4103 (1997).
17. O. Brede, L. Goebel, and T. Zimmermann, J. Inf. Rec. Mater., 397 (1996); L. Goebel, O. Brede, and T. Zimmermann, Radiat. Phys. Chem., 47, 369 (1996); O. Brede, L. Goebel, and T. Zimmermann, J. Phys. Chem. A, 101, 4103 (1997).
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19. T. Zimmermann, J. Heterocyclic Chem., 32, 563 (1995).
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21. T. Zimmermann, J. Heterocyclic Chem., 32, 991 (1995).
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27. First investigations show that the spiro compounds obtained have photochromic properties: O. Brede and T. Zimmermann, unpublished results.
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