Charge effects in photoinduced electron-transfer reactions between [Ru(bpy)3]2+ and viologen derivatives

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan

Volumn 71, Issue 10, 1998, Pages 2281-2291

  Hamada, Taisuke ^a   Tsukamoto, Masaya ^a   Ohtsuka, Hiroshi ^a   Sakaki, Shigeyoshi ^a  

^a KUMAMOTO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000654641     PISSN: 00092673     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.71.2281     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. A. Juris, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, S. Campagna, P. Belser, and A. V. Zelewsky, Coord. Chem. Rev., 84, 85 (1988).
2. a) C. Creutz and N. Sutin, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 72, 2858 (1975);
3. b) N. Sutin and C. Creutz, Pure Appl. Chem., 52, 2717 (1980);
4. c) G. M. Brown, B. S. Brunschwig, C. Creutz, J. F. Endicott, and N. Sutin, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 101, 1298 (1979);
5. d) C. V. Krishnan, B. S. Brunschwig, C. Creutz, and N. Sutin, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 107, 2005 (1985).
6. K. Kalyanasundaram, J. Kiwi, and M. Gräzel, Helv. Chim. Acta, 61, 2720 (1978).
7. M. Kirch, J.-M. Lehn, and J.-P. Sauvage, Helv. Chim. Acta, 62, 1345 (1979).
8. a) P. J. DeLaive, B. P. Sullivan, T. J. Meyer, and D. G. Whitten, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 101, 4007 (1979);
9. b) W. J. Dressick, T. S. Meyer, B. Durham, and D. P. Rillena, Inorg. Chem., 21, 3451 (1982).
10. For instance: a) K. Mandal and M. Z. Huffman, J. Phys. Chem., 88, 185 (1984);
11. b) K. Mandal and M. Z. Hoffman, J. Phys. Chem., 88, 5632 (1984);
12. c) M. Z. Hoffman, Inorg. Chem., 28, 978 (1989);
13. d) N. Sabbatini, S. Dellonte, A. Bonazzi, M. Ciano, and V. Balzani, Inorg. Chem., 25, 1738 (1986);
14. e) D. K. Liu, B. S. Brunschwig, C. Creutz, and N. Sutin, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 108, 1749 (1986);
15. f) N. Kitamura, H. B. Kim, S. Okano, and S. Tazuke, J. Phys. Chem., 93, 5750 (1989).
16. a) D. Meisel and M. S. Matheson, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 99, 6577 (1977);
17. b) D. Meisel, D. Meyerstein, and M. S. Matheson, J. Phys. Chem., 82, 985 (1978);
18. c) D. Meyerstein, J. Rabani, M. S. Matheson, and D. Meisel, J. Phys. Chem., 82, 1879 (1978);
19. d) C. D. Jonah, M. S. Matheson, and D. Meisel, J. Phys. Chem., 83, 257 (1979).
20. R. E. Sasson and J. Rabani, J. Phys. Chem., 84, 1319 (1980);
21. b) S. Kelder and J. Rabani, J. Phys. Chem., 85, 1637 (1981);
22. c) R. E. Sasson, Z. Aizenshtat, and J. Rabani, J. Phys. Chem., 89, 1182 (1985).
23. a) T. Nagamura, K. Takura, Y. Tsutsui, and T. Matsuo, Chem. Lett., 1980, 503;
24. b) T. Nagamura, T. Kurihara, T. Matsuo, M. Sumitani, and K. Yashihara, J. Phys. Chem., 86, 4368 (1982);
25. c) T. Osako, T. Sakamoto, and T. Matsuo, J. Phys. Chem., 89, 222 (1985).
26. Y. Kaizu, H. Ohta, K. Kobayashi, and H. Kobayashi, J. Photochem., 30, 93 (1985).
27. T. Miyashita, T. Murakata, Y. Yamaguchi, and M. Matsuda, J. Phys. Chem., 89, 497 (1985).
28. T. Nagamura, N. Takeyama, K. Tanaka, and T. Matsuo, J. Phys. Chem., 90, 2247 (1986).
29. A. J. Frank, I. Willner, Z. Goren, and Y. Degani, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 109, 3568 (1987), references are therein.
30. Y. Kawanishi, N. Kitamura, and S. Tazuke, J. Phys. Chem., 90, 2469 (1986).
31. M. C. Richoux and A. Harriman, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1, 78, 1873 (1982).
32. a) S. L. Larson, C. M. Elliott, and D. F. Kelly, J. Phys. Chem., 99, 6530 (1995);
33. b) L. A. Kelly and M. A. J. Rodgers, J. Phys. Chem., 99, 13132 (1995).
34. C. D. Clark and M. Z. Hoffman, J. Phys. Chem., 100, 7526 (1996).
35. pH 2.2 was rather arbitrarily taken here, since a solution whose pH is lower than 2 cannot be easily prepared. Almost all portion of BCEBP is, however, protonated at pH 2.2 and deprotonated at pH 5.0; (only 3% of BCEBP remains as a deprotonated species at pH 2.2 and as a protonated species at pH 5.0). Thus, we can expect to investigate charge effects of viologen at pH 2.2 and 5.0.
36. 0 (at pH 5.0).
37. a) R. A. Marcus, J. Chem. Phys., 24, 966 (1956);
38. b) R. A. Marcus, Discuss. Faraday Soc., 29, 21 (1960);
39. c) R. A. Marcus, J. Chem. Phys., 43, 679 (1965);
40. d) R. A. Marcus, Ann. Rev. Phys. Chem., 15, 155 (1964);
41. e) R. A. Marcus and N. Sutin, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 811, 265 (1985);
42. f) R. A. Marcus and N. Sutin, Comments Inorg. Chem., 6, 209 (1987), references are therein.
43. M. D. Newton and N. Sutin, Ann. Rev. Phys. Chem., 35, 437 (1984).
44. I. Fujita and H. Kobayashi, Ber Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 76, 115 (1972);
45. R. A. Palmer and T. S. Piper, Inorg. Chem., 5, 864 (1966).
46. I. Willner, N. Lapidot, A. Riklin, R. Kasher, E. Zahavy, and E. Katz, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 1428 (1994).
47. -3, respectively.
48. M. Eigen, W. Kruse, G. Maass, and L. De Maeyer, Prog. React. Kinet., 2, 287 (1964).
49. C. Chiorboli, M. T. Indelli, M. R. A. Scandola, and F. Scandola, J. Phys. Chem., 92, 156 (1988), references are therein.
50. M. Eigen, Z. Phys. Chem. (Munich), 1, 176 (1954).
51. J. Keizer, Chem. Rev., 87, 167 (1987).
52. B. S. Brunschwig, S. Ehrenson, and N. Sutin, J. Phys. Chem., 90, 3657 (1986).
53. a) Chem 3D was used for MM calculations with standard parameters. Chem 3D version 3.0 for Apple Macintosh, Cambridge Scientific Computing, Inc., Massachusetts;
54. b) In the MM calculations, the Ru-N distance was taken to be the same as the experimental bond distance (2.056 Å). See: D. P. Rillema and D. S. Jones, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1979, 849.
55. This value is similar to the previous one estimated from CPK model; 7.1 Å (C. R. Bock, J. A. Connor, A. R. Gutierrez, T. J. Meyer, D. G. Whitten, B. P. Sullivan, and J. K. Nagle, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 101, 4815 (1979)), 7.0 Å
56. (C. D. Clark and M. Z. Huffman, J. Phys. Chem., 100, 7526 (1996);
57. and C. D. Clark and M. Z. Hoffman, J. Phys. Chem., 100, 14688 (1996)), and 6.8 Å
58. (E. H. Yonemoto, G. B. Saupe, R. H. Schmehl, S. M. Hubig, R. L. Riley, B. L. Iverson, and T. E. Malloul, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 4786 (1994)) .
59. "Lange's Handbook of Chemistry," 11th ed, ed by J. A. Dean, McGraw-Hill, New York (1973), pp. 10-288, 10-148.
60. η/mPa s = 1.005, 0.8937, 0.8007, 0.7225, and 0.6560, and D = 80.36, 78.54, 76.76, 75.03, and 73.35, for 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 °C, respectively. D for 25 °C is referred from Ref. 29, and the others are from Ref. 32.
61. R. M. Fuoss, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 80, 5059 (1958).
62. bs (see Eq. 2).
63. 2+ is - 0.59 V at pH 2.2 and -0.58 V at pH 5.0 (vs. Ag/AgCl), where a HCl/KCl buffer and a HOAc/NaOAc buffer were used for CV measurements at pH 2.2 and pH 5.0 respectively.
64. 2+ is -0.75 at pH 5.0 and -0.77 at pH 2.2 on both 10 and 40 °C.
65. C. Creutz and N. Sutin, Inorg. Chem., 15, 496 (1976).
66. 2+ and BCEBP at pH 2.2 and 5.0.