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Volumn 60, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 4882-4885

Vortex rings and mutual drag in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates

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EID: 0000559255     PISSN: 10502947     EISSN: 10941622     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.60.4882     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (19)

References (35)
  • 13
    • 85037200564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Throughout this paper, harmonic oscillator units (h.o.u.) are used, where for atoms of mass m trapped in a harmonic trap of frequency (Formula presented) the units of length, time, and energy are (Formula presented) (Formula presented) and (Formula presented) respectively. As a result of this scaling, the wave function is redefined so that the total density (Formula presented) is normalized to unity, and (Formula presented) where N is the total number of atoms per unit length along the z axis. We define (Formula presented) and (Formula presented) where the scattering lengths between atoms in the same hyperfine level are denoted by (Formula presented) and (Formula presented) while (Formula presented) represents scattering between hyperfine states
    • Throughout this paper, harmonic oscillator units (h.o.u.) are used, where for atoms of mass m trapped in a harmonic trap of frequency (Formula presented) the units of length, time, and energy are (Formula presented) (Formula presented) and (Formula presented) respectively. As a result of this scaling, the wave function is redefined so that the total density (Formula presented) is normalized to unity, and (Formula presented) where N is the total number of atoms per unit length along the z axis. We define (Formula presented) and (Formula presented) where the scattering lengths between atoms in the same hyperfine level are denoted by (Formula presented) and (Formula presented) while (Formula presented) represents scattering between hyperfine states.
  • 14
    • 85037212629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • We used a fast Fourier transform method, where a 2D wave function is typically discretized on a (Formula presented) grid inside a (Formula presented) box, while for 3D we employed a (Formula presented) grid. The time step (Formula presented) must be small enough to ensure stability over sufficiently long propagation times; (Formula presented) is adequate for most purposes
    • We used a fast Fourier transform method, where a 2D wave function is typically discretized on a (Formula presented) grid inside a (Formula presented) box, while for 3D we employed a (Formula presented) grid. The time step (Formula presented) must be small enough to ensure stability over sufficiently long propagation times; (Formula presented) is adequate for most purposes.
  • 16
    • 85037211020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parameters in our simulations are chosen to reflect closely those in the experiment
    • Parameters in our simulations are chosen to reflect closely those in the experiment 13. In particular, (Formula presented) (Formula presented) (Formula presented) and (Formula presented) Ratios of the scattering lengths are taken to be (Formula presented) and (Formula presented) where (Formula presented)
  • 20
    • 17344369197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phys. Rev. AS. A. Morgan et al, 57, 3818 (1998).
    • (1998) , vol.57 , pp. 3818
    • Morgan, S.A.1
  • 22
    • 85037242348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • To compare simulated lifetimes to physical results, we excite modes in a single condensate and propagate in complex time. Using this procedure, we estimate that a damping rate of (Formula presented) corresponds to typical experimental values
    • To compare simulated lifetimes to physical results, we excite modes in a single condensate and propagate in complex time. Using this procedure, we estimate that a damping rate of (Formula presented) corresponds to typical experimental values
  • 24
    • 4243065368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • However, we present results for (Formula presented) to clearly illustrate the physical effect of Landau damping
    • Phys. Rev. Lett.D. S. Jin et al, 78, 764 (1997).However, we present results for (Formula presented) to clearly illustrate the physical effect of Landau damping.
    • (1997) , vol.78 , pp. 764
    • Jin, D.S.1
  • 31
    • 85037227421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Due to the anisotropy of the trap, the dipole mode corresponding to oscillations along the “slow” x axis possesses a lower energy than along y. Displacement of the trap initially leads to oscillations along the “fast” axis as previously; however, the broken symmetry now results in transitions that gradually populate the lower level
    • Due to the anisotropy of the trap, the dipole mode corresponding to oscillations along the “slow” x axis possesses a lower energy than along y. Displacement of the trap initially leads to oscillations along the “fast” axis as previously; however, the broken symmetry now results in transitions that gradually populate the lower level.
  • 34
    • 0000360343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phys. Rev. Lett.H. Pu and N. P. Bigelow, 80, 1130 (1998).
    • (1998) , vol.80 , pp. 1130
    • Pu, H.1    Bigelow, N.P.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.