Copper- and silver-zirconia aerogels: Preparation, structural properties and catalytic behavior in methanol synthesis from carbon dioxide

Journal of Catalysis

Volumn 179, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 515-527

  Köppel, René A ^a   Stöcker, Carsten ^a   Baiker, Alfons ^a  

^a ETH ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Aerogel; CO2 hydrogenation; Copper zirconia; Methanol synthesis; Silver zirconia; Sol gel

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000509888     PISSN: 00219517     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/jcat.1998.2252     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. 1 Chemistry" (W. Keim, Ed.), p. 169. Reidel, Dordrecht, 1983.
2. Behr, A., Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 27, 661 (1988).
3. Chinchen, G. C., Denny, P. J., Jennings, J. R., Spencer, M. S., and Waugh, K. C., Appl. Catal. 36, 1 (1988).
4. 2 into Useful Products," CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1993.
5. Baiker, A., and Koeppel, R. A., in "Proceedings, International Conference on Carbon Dioxide Utilization, Bari, Italy, 1993," p. 295.
6. Jessop, P. G., Ikariya, T., and Noyori, R., Chem. Rev. 95, 259 (1995).
7. Baiker, A., and Koeppel, R. A., in "Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on Carbon Dioxide Utilization, Norman, OK, 1995."
8. Leitner, W., Angew. Chem, Int. Ed. Engl. 34, 2207 (1995).
9. Denise, B., and Sneeden, R. P. A., Chemtech, 108 (1982).
10. Mercera, P. D. L., Van Ommen, J. G., Doesburg, E. B. M., Burggraaf, A. J., and Ross, J. R. H., Appl. Catal. 57, 127 (1990).
11. Ward, D. A., and Ko, E. I., Chem. Mater. 5, 956 (1993).
12. Yamaguchi, T., Catal. Today 20, 199 (1994).
13. Denise, B., and Sneeden, R. P. A., Appl. Catal. 28, 235 (1986).
14. Denise, B., Sneeden, R. P. A., Beguin, B., and Chefiri, O., Appl. Catal. 30, 353 (1987).
15. Amenomiya, Y., Appl. Catal. 30, 57 (1987).
16. Amenomiya, Y., Emesh, A. I. T., Oliver, K. W., and Pleizier, G., in "Proc. 9th Int. Congr. Catal." (M. J. Phillips and M. Ternan, Eds.), p. 634. Chem. Inst. of Canada, Calgary, 1988.
17. Pommier, B., and Teichner, S. J., in "Proc. 9th Int. Cong. Catal." (M. J. Phillips and M. Ternan, Eds.), p. 610. Chem. Inst. of Canada, Calgary, 1988.
18. Denise, B., Cherifi, O., Bettahar, M. M., and Sneeden, R. P. A., Appl. Catal. 48, 365 (1989).
19. Gasser, D., and Baiker, A., Appl. Catal. 48, 279 (1989).
20. Köppel, R. A., Baiker, A., Schild, C., and Wokaun, A., Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 63, 59 (1991).
21. Kanoun, N., Astier, M. P., and Pajonk, G. M., Catal. Lett. 15, 231 (1992).
22. Köppel, R. A., Baiker, A., and Wokaun, Appl. Catal. 84, 77 (1992).
23. Coteron, A., and Hayhurst, A. N., Appl. Catal. 101, 151 (1993).
24. Fröhlich, C., Köppel, R. A., Baiker, A., Kilo, M., and Wokaun, A., Appl. Catal. A 106, 275 (1993).
25. Baiker, A., Kilo, M., Maciejewski, M., Menzi, S., and Wokaun, A., Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 75, 1257 (1993).
26. Nitta, Y., Fujimatsu, T., Okamoto, Y., and Imanaka, T., Catal. Lett. 17, 157 (1993).
27. Nitta, Y., Suwata, O., Ikeda, Y., Okamoto, Y., and Imanaka, T., Catal. Lett. 26, 345 (1994).
28. Fujitani, T., Saito, M., Kanai, Y., Kakumoto, T., Watanabe, T., Nakamura, J., and Uchijima, T., Catal. Lett. 25, 271 (1994).
29. Fisher, I. A., Woo, H. C., and Bell, A. T., Catal. Lett. 44, 11 (1997).
30. Kilo, M., Weigel, J., Wokaun, A., Koeppel, R. A., Stoeckli, A., and Baiker, A., J. Mol. Catal. 126, 169 (1997).
31. Koeppel, R. A., Ph.D. thesis, Diss. ETH No. 9347, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zürich, 1991.
32. Teichner, S. J., Nicolaon, G. A., Vicarini, M. A., and Gardes, G. E. E., Adv. Coll. Int. Sci. 5, 245 (1976).
33. Pajonk, G. M., Appl. Catal. 72, 217 (1991).
34. Schneider, M., Duff, D. G., Mallát, T., Wildberger, M., and Baiker, A., J. Catal. 147, 500 (1994).
35. Schneider, M., Wildberger, M., Maciejewski, M., Duff, D. G., Mallát, T., and Baiker, A., J. Catal. 148, 625 (1994).
36. Schneider, M., and Baiker, A., Catal. Rev. Sci. & Eng. 37, 515 (1995).
37. Hüsing, N., and Schubert, U., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 37, 22 (1998).
38. Liu, Y., Zhong, B., Peng, S., Wang, Q., Hu, T., Xie, Y. N., and Ju, X., Catal. Today 30, 177 (1996).
39. Bianchi, D., Gass, J.-L., Khalfallah, M., and Teichner, S. J., Appl. Catal. A 101, 297 (1993).
40. Sun, Y., and Sermon, P. A., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1242 (1993).
41. Sun, Y., and Sermon, P. A., Topics Catal. 1, 145 (1994).
42. Sun, Y., and Sermon, P. A., Catal. Lett. 29, 361 (1994).
43. Stöcker, C., Schneider, M., and Baiker, A., J. Porous Mater. 2, 325 (1996).
44. Lind, R. L., "CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics." CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1993.
45. Stöcker, C., Schneider, M., and Baiker, A., J. Porous Mater. 2, 171 (1995).
46. Nefedov, V. I., Gati, D., Dzhurinskii, B. F., Sergushin, N. P., and Salyn, Y. V., Zh. Neorg. Khim. 20, 2307 (1975).
47. Clark, D. T., Kilcast, D., and Musgrave, W. K. R., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 516 (1971).
48. Clark, D. T., and Thomas, H. R., J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed. 16, 791 (1978).
49. Dilks, A., J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed. 19, 1319 (1981).
50. Shirley, D. A., Phys. Rev. B 5, 4709 (1972).
51. Briggs, D., and Seah, M. P., "Practical Surface Analysis by Auger and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy." Wiley, Chichester, 1983.
52. Köppel, R. A., Nickl, J., and Baiker, A., Catal. Today 20, 45 (1994).
53. Evans, J. W., Wainwright, M. S., Bridgewater, A. J., and Young, D. J., Appl. Catal. 7, 75 (1983).
54. Sing, K. S. W., Everett, D. H., Haul, R. A. W., Moscou, L., Pierotti, R. A., Rouquérol, J., and Siemieniewska, T., Pure Appl. Chem. 57, 603 (1985).
55. Stöcker, C., and Baiker, A., J. Non-Cryst. Solids 223, 165 (1998).
56. Benedetti, A., Fagherazzi, G., and Pinna, F., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 72, 467 (1989).
57. Benedetti, A., Fagherazzi, G., Pinna, F., and Polizzi, S., J. Mater. Sci. 25, 1473 (1990).
58. Stöcker, C., and Baiker, A., J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 10, 269 (1997).
59. Hartley, G. J. J., and Burch, R., Appl. Catal. 43, 141 (1988).
60. Frost, J. C., Nature 334, 577 (1988).
61. Shaw, E. A., Rayment, T., Walker, A. P., Jennings, J. R., and Lambert, R. M., J. Catal. 126, 219 (1990).
62. Nonneman, L. E. Y., and Ponec, V., Catal. Lett. 7, 213 (1990).