Complete model to simulate the thermal defocusing of a laser beam focused in water

Optical Engineering

Volumn 35, Issue 7, 1996, Pages 2058-2066

  Richerzhagen, Bernold ^a   René, Guy Delacrétaz ^a   Salathé, Paul ^a  

^a EPFL   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Finite elements; Ray tracing; Self defocusing; Self focusing; Thermal blooming; Thermal defocusing; Thermal lenses

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000485595     PISSN: 00913286     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1117/1.600995     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. J. P. Gordon, R. C. C. Leite, R. S. Moore, G. P. S. Porto, and J. R. Whinnery, "Long-transient effects in lasers with inserted liquid samples," Bull. Am. Soc. Sect. II 9, 501 (1964).
2. S. A. Akhmanov, D. P. Krindach, A. V. Migulin, A. P. Sukhorukov, and R. V. Khokhlov, "Thermal self-actions of laser beams," IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-4, 568-575 (1968).
3. S. A. Akhmanov, D. P. Krindach, A. P. Sukhorukov, and R. V. Khokhlov, "Nonlinear defocusing of laser beams," ZhETF Pis'ma 6(2), 509-513 (1967).
4. R. C. C. Leite, R. S. Moore, and J. R. Whinnery, "Low absorption measurements by means of the thermal lens effect using an He-Ne Laser," Appl. Phys. Lett. 5, 141-143 (1964).
5. P. Calmettes and C. Laj, "Study of heat diffusion in transparent media by means of a thermal-lens effect," Phys. Rev. Lett. 27(5), 239-242 (1971).
6. J. R. Lalanne, E. Sein, J. Buchert, and S. Kielich, "Measurements of heat transfer in microemulsions by laser-induced thermal blooming," Appl. Phys. Lett. 36(12), 973-975 (1980).
7. J. Skupinski, J. Buchert, S. Kielich, J. R. Lalanne, and B. Pouligny, "Thermal lens effect applied in thermal diffusion determinations for molecular liquids," Acta Phys. Polonica A67, 719-726 (1985).
8. N. J. Dovichi and J. M. Harris, "Laser-induced thermal effect for calorimetric trace analysis," Anal. Chem. 51, 728-731 (1979).
9. H. L. Fang and R. L. Swofford, "The thermal lens in absorption spectroscopy," in Ultrasensitive Laser Spectroscopy, D. S. Kliger, Ed., Chapter 3, Academic Press, New York (1983).
10. T. Berthoud, N. Delorme, and P. Mauchien, "Beam geometry optimization in dual-beam thermal lensing spectrometry," Anal. Chem. 57, 1216-1219 (1985).
11. S. J. Sheldon, L. V. Knight, and J. M. Thorne, "Laser-induced thermal lens effect: a new theoretical model," Appl. Opt. 21(9), 1663-1669 (1982).
12. A. M. Olaizola, G. Da Costa, and J. A. Castillo, "Geometrical interpretation of a laser-induced thermal lens," Opt. Eng. 32(5), 1125-1130 (1993).
13. 2 factor," in The Physics and Technology of Laser Resonators, D. R. Hall and P. E. Jackson, Eds., Adam Hilger, Bristol, pp. 132-142 (1989).
14. W. Koechner, "Optical resonator-transversal modes," in Solid State Laser Engineering, Vol. 1, ed. 2, pp. 168-203, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1988).
15. S. A. Akhmanov, R. V. Khoklov, and A. P. Sukhorukov, "Self-focusing, self-defocusing and self-modulation of laser beams," in La-ser Handbook, Arecchi, Schulz-Du Bois, Eds., pp. 1151-1228, North Holland Publishers, Amsterdam (1972).
16. G. S. Kell, "Volume properties of water at 1 atm," in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, R. C. Weast, Ed., pp. F4-F5, Chemical Rubber Co., Cleveland (1988/1989).
17. B. Richerzhagen, "Interferometer for measuring the absolute refractive index of liquid water as a function of temperature at 1.064 μm," Appl. Opt. (in press).
18. B. Richerzhagen, "A new method for ray tracing in gradient-index media: the finite element ray tracing method (FER)," Appl. Opt. (in press).
19. A. E. Siegman, "Physical properties of Gaussian beams," in Lasers, pp. 663-697, University Science Books, Mill Valley, CA (1986).