메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 38, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 551-577

Hadza women's time allocation, offspring provisioning, and the evolution of long postmenopausal life spans

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 0000464152     PISSN: 00113204     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/204646     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (504)

References (118)
  • 5
    • 0003044734 scopus 로고
    • The lives of hunter-gatherer children: Effects of parental behavior and parental reproductive strategy
    • Edited by M. E. Pereira and L. A. Fairbanks, Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • BLURTON JONES, N. G. 1993. "The lives of hunter-gatherer children: Effects of parental behavior and parental reproductive strategy," in Juvenile primates: Life history, development, and behavior. Edited by M. E. Pereira and L. A. Fairbanks, pp. 309-26. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    • (1993) Juvenile Primates: Life History, Development, and Behavior , pp. 309-326
    • Blurton Jones, N.G.1
  • 6
    • 0003373402 scopus 로고
    • Differences between Hadza and IKung children's work: Original affluence or practical reason?
    • Edited by E. S. Burch. Oxford: Berg
    • BLURTON JONES, N. G., K. HAWKES, AND P. DRAPER. 1994a. "Differences between Hadza and IKung children's work: Original affluence or practical reason?" in Key issues in hunter-gatherer research. Edited by E. S. Burch, pp. 189-215. Oxford: Berg.
    • (1994) Key Issues in Hunter-gatherer Research , pp. 189-215
    • Blurton Jones, N.G.1    Hawkes, K.2    Draper, P.3
  • 7
    • 0000982735 scopus 로고
    • Foraging returns of IKung adults and children: Why didn't!Kung children forage?
    • -. 1994b. Foraging returns of IKung adults and children: Why didn't !Kung children forage? Journal of Anthropological Research 50:217-48.
    • (1994) Journal of Anthropological Research , vol.50 , pp. 217-248
  • 8
    • 0001602668 scopus 로고
    • Studying costs of children in two foraging societies: Implications for schedules of reproduction
    • Edited by V. Standon and R. Foley. London: Blackwell
    • BLURTON JONES, N. G., K. HAWKES, AND J. E. O'CONNELL. 1989. "Studying costs of children in two foraging societies: Implications for schedules of reproduction," in Compara-tive socioecology of mammals and man. Edited by V. Standon and R. Foley, pp. 365-90. London: Blackwell.
    • (1989) Comparative Socioecology of Mammals and Man , pp. 365-390
    • Blurton Jones, N.G.1    Hawkes, K.2    O'Connell, J.E.3
  • 9
    • 0001212997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The global process and local ecology: How should we explain differences between the Hadza and!Kung?
    • Edited by S. Kent. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • -. 1996. "The global process and local ecology: How should we explain differences between the Hadza and !Kung? in Cultural diversity among twentieth-century foragers: An African perspective. Edited by S. Kent, pp. 159-87. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1996) Cultural Diversity among Twentieth-century Foragers: An African Perspective , pp. 159-187
  • 10
    • 0001715314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why do Hadza children forage?
    • Edited by N. Segal, G. E. Weisfeld, and C. C. Weis feld. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association
    • -. 1997. "Why do Hadza children forage?" in Uniting psychology and biology: Integrative perspectives on human development. Edited by N. Segal, G. E. Weisfeld, and C. C. Weis feld, pp. 164-83. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
    • (1997) Uniting Psychology and Biology: Integrative Perspectives on Human Development , pp. 164-183
  • 12
    • 0001575463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social grouping in Taï chimpanzees
    • Edited by W. McGrew, L. Marchant, and T. Nishida. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • BOESCH, C. 1996. "Social grouping in Taï chimpanzees," in Great ape societies. Edited by W. McGrew, L. Marchant, and T. Nishida, pp. 101-13. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1996) Great Ape Societies , pp. 101-113
    • Boesch, C.1
  • 13
    • 0021175315 scopus 로고
    • Possible causes of sex differences in the use of natural hammers by wild chimpanzees
    • BOESCH, C., AND H. BOESCH. 1984. Possible causes of sex differences in the use of natural hammers by wild chimpanzees. Journal of Human Evolution 13:415-40.
    • (1984) Journal of Human Evolution , vol.13 , pp. 415-440
    • Boesch, C.1    Boesch, H.2
  • 14
    • 0039181434 scopus 로고
    • Early hominid development and life history
    • Edited by C. J. DeRousseau. New York: Wiley-Liss
    • BROMAGE, T. G. 1990. "Early hominid development and life history," in Primate life history and evolution. Edited by C. J. DeRousseau, pp. 105-13. New York: Wiley-Liss.
    • (1990) Primate Life History and Evolution , pp. 105-113
    • Bromage, T.G.1
  • 15
    • 0003046504 scopus 로고
    • Bone assemblages at base camps: A further consideration of carcass transport and bone destruction by the Hadza
    • Edited by J. Hudson. Center for Archaeolog Investigations, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Occasional Paper 21
    • BUNN, H. T. 1993. "Bone assemblages at base camps: A further consideration of carcass transport and bone destruction by the Hadza," in From bones to behavior: Ethnoarchaeological and experimental contributions to the interpretation of faunal remains. Edited by J. Hudson, pp. 156-68. Center for Archaeolog Investigations, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Occasional Paper 21.
    • (1993) From Bones to Behavior: Ethnoarchaeological and Experimental Contributions to the Interpretation of Faunal Remains , pp. 156-168
    • Bunn, H.T.1
  • 16
    • 0000086563 scopus 로고
    • Variability in bone assemblage formation from Hadza hunting, scavenging, and carcass processing
    • BUNN, H. T., L. BARTRAM, AND E. KROLL. 1988. Variability in bone assemblage formation from Hadza hunting, scavenging, and carcass processing. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 7:412-57.
    • (1988) Journal of Anthropological Archaeology , vol.7 , pp. 412-457
    • Bunn, H.T.1    Bartram, L.2    Kroll, E.3
  • 17
    • 0006303089 scopus 로고
    • Bone distribution on a modern East African landscape and its archaeological implications
    • Edited by J. D. Clark. Bonn: Romisch-Germanisches Zentral Museum Forschungsinstitut für Vor- und Frühgeschichte in Verbundung mit der Union Internationale des Sciences Prehistoriques et Protohistoriques
    • -. 1991. "Bone distribution on a modern East African landscape and its archaeological implications," in Cultural beginnings: Approaches to understanding early hominid life-ways in the African savanna. Edited by J. D. Clark, pp. 33-54. Bonn: Romisch-Germanisches Zentral Museum Forschungsinstitut für Vor- und Frühgeschichte in Verbundung mit der Union Internationale des Sciences Prehistoriques et Protohistoriques.
    • (1991) Cultural Beginnings: Approaches to Understanding Early Hominid Life-ways in the African Savanna , pp. 33-54
  • 22
    • 84982635346 scopus 로고
    • Why do female primates have such long lifespans and so few babies? or Life in the slow lane
    • -. 1993. Why do female primates have such long lifespans and so few babies? or Life in the slow lane. Evolutionary An thropology 1:191-94.
    • (1993) Evolutionary An Thropology , vol.1 , pp. 191-194
  • 23
    • 0029103208 scopus 로고
    • Paleopediatrics, or When did human infants really become human?
    • CONROY, G. C., AND K. KUYENKEN DALL. 1995. Paleopediatrics, or When did human infants really become human? American Journal of Physical Anthropology 98:121-31.
    • (1995) American Journal of Physical Anthropology , vol.98 , pp. 121-131
    • Conroy, G.C.1    Dall, K.K.2
  • 24
    • 0011557794 scopus 로고
    • Infant transport among the Alyawara tribe, central Australia
    • DENHAM, W. W. 1974. Infant transport among the Alyawara tribe, central Australia. Oceania 44:253-77.
    • (1974) Oceania , vol.44 , pp. 253-277
    • Denham, W.W.1
  • 25
    • 84976932771 scopus 로고
    • Residential variation among hunter-gatherers
    • EMBER, C. 1975. Residential variation among hunter-gatherers. Behavioral Science Research 3:199-227.
    • (1975) Behavioral Science Research , vol.3 , pp. 199-227
    • Ember, C.1
  • 26
    • 84885480883 scopus 로고
    • Myths about hunter-gatherers
    • -. 1978. Myths about hunter-gatherers. Ethnology 4:439-48.
    • (1978) Ethnology , vol.4 , pp. 439-448
  • 27
    • 0002314322 scopus 로고
    • Food sharing in primates: A critical review
    • Edited by P. K. Seth and S. Seth. New Delhi: Today and Tomorrow's Printers and Publishers
    • FEISTNER, A. T. C., AND W. MCGREW. 1989. "Food sharing in primates: A critical review," in Perspectives in primate behavior, vol. 3. Edited by P. K. Seth and S. Seth, pp. 21-36. New Delhi: Today and Tomorrow's Printers and Publishers.
    • (1989) Perspectives in Primate Behavior , vol.3 , pp. 21-36
    • Feistner, A.T.C.1    Mcgrew, W.2
  • 28
    • 0024972619 scopus 로고
    • Finite social space, evolutionary pathways, and reconstructing hominid behavior
    • FOLEY, R., AND p. LEE. 1989. Finite social space, evolutionary pathways, and reconstructing hominid behavior. Science 243: 901-6.
    • (1989) Science , vol.243 , pp. 901-906
    • Foley, R.1    Lee, P.2
  • 29
    • 51249175002 scopus 로고
    • Social interactions and the life history of female Pan paniscus in Wamba, Zaire
    • FURUICHI, T. 1989. Social interactions and the life history of female Pan paniscus in Wamba, Zaire. International Journal of Primatology 10:173-97. [FJW, SEC]
    • (1989) International Journal of Primatology , vol.10 , pp. 173-197
    • Furuichi, T.1
  • 30
    • 0023571912 scopus 로고
    • Sociobiology of the great apes and the hominid ancestor
    • GIGLIERI, M. 1987. Sociobiology of the great apes and the hominid ancestor. Journal of Human Evolution 16:319-58.
    • (1987) Journal of Human Evolution , vol.16 , pp. 319-358
    • Giglieri, M.1
  • 32
    • 0002385036 scopus 로고
    • Gombe: Highlights and current research
    • Edited by P. Heltne and L. Marquardt. Cambridge: Harvard University Press
    • -. 1989. "Gombe: Highlights and current research," in Understanding chimpanzees. Edited by P. Heltne and L. Marquardt, pp. 2-21. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
    • (1989) Understanding Chimpanzees , pp. 2-21
  • 33
    • 85068013516 scopus 로고
    • Time allocation
    • Edited by E. A. Smith and B. Winterhalder. New York: Aldine de Gruyter
    • HAMES, R. 1992. "Time allocation," in Evolutionary ecology and human behavior. Edited by E. A. Smith and B. Winterhalder, pp. 203-36. New York: Aldine de Gruyter.
    • (1992) Evolutionary Ecology and Human Behavior , pp. 203-236
    • Hames, R.1
  • 34
    • 0000862882 scopus 로고
    • Life history variation in primates
    • HARVEY, P. H., AND T. CLUTTON-BROCK. 1985. Life history variation in primates. Evolution 39:559-81.
    • (1985) Evolution , vol.39 , pp. 559-581
    • Harvey, P.H.1    Clutton-Brock, T.2
  • 35
    • 0009947659 scopus 로고
    • Life-history variation: Size and mortality patterns
    • Edited by C. J. DeRousseau. New York: Wiley-Liss
    • HARVEY, P. H. 1990. "Life-history variation: Size and mortality patterns," in Primate life history and evolution. Edited by C. J. DeRousseau, pp. 81-88. New York: Wiley-Liss.
    • (1990) Primate Life History and Evolution , pp. 81-88
    • Harvey, P.H.1
  • 36
    • 0021890491 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of mortality and age at first reproduction in natural populations of mammals
    • HARVEY, P. H., AND R. M. ZAMMUTO. 1985. Patterns of mortality and age at first reproduction in natural populations of mammals. Nature 315:319-20. [FJW, SEC]
    • (1985) Nature , vol.315 , pp. 319-320
    • Harvey, P.H.1    Zammuto, R.M.2
  • 37
    • 85087722381 scopus 로고
    • Why do men hunt? Some benefits for risky strategies
    • Edited by E. Cashdan. Boulder: Westview Press
    • HAWKES, K. 1990. "Why do men hunt? Some benefits for risky strategies," in Risk and uncertainty. Edited by E. Cashdan, pp. 145-66. Boulder: Westview Press.
    • (1990) Risk and Uncertainty , pp. 145-166
    • Hawkes, K.1
  • 38
    • 0001905113 scopus 로고
    • Showing off: Tests of a hypothesis about men's foraging goals
    • -. 1991. Showing off: Tests of a hypothesis about men's foraging goals. Ethology and Sociobiology 12:29-54.
    • (1991) Ethology and Sociobiology , vol.12 , pp. 29-54
  • 39
    • 85055311140 scopus 로고
    • Why hunter-gatherers work: An ancient version of the problem of public goods
    • -. 1993. Why hunter-gatherers work: An ancient version of the problem of public goods, CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 34:341-61.
    • (1993) Current Anthropology , vol.34 , pp. 341-361
  • 40
    • 33644487427 scopus 로고
    • On life-history evolution
    • -. 1994. On life-history evolution, CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 35:39-41.
    • (1994) Current Anthropology , vol.35 , pp. 39-41
  • 42
    • 0026313602 scopus 로고
    • Hunting income patterns among the Hadza: Big game, common goods, foraging goals, and the evolution of the human diet
    • -. 1991. Hunting income patterns among the Hadza: Big game, common goods, foraging goals, and the evolution of the human diet. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society (London) B 334:243-51.
    • (1991) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society (London) B , vol.334 , pp. 243-251
  • 43
    • 0000424131 scopus 로고
    • Hadza children's foraging: Juvenile dependency, social arrangements, and mobility among hunter-gatherers
    • -. 1995. Hadza children's foraging: Juvenile dependency, social arrangements, and mobility among hunter-gatherers, CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 36:688-700.
    • (1995) Current Anthropology , vol.36 , pp. 688-700
  • 44
    • 0028983967 scopus 로고
    • The male's dilemma: Increased offspring production is more paternity to steal
    • HAWKES, K., A. R. ROGERS, AND E. L. CHARNOV. 1995. The male's dilemma: Increased offspring production is more paternity to steal. Evolutionary Ecology 9:1-16.
    • (1995) Evolutionary Ecology , vol.9 , pp. 1-16
    • Hawkes, K.1    Rogers, A.R.2    Charnov, E.L.3
  • 46
    • 84982531424 scopus 로고
    • Life history theory and evolutionary anthropology
    • HILL, K. 1993. Life history theory and evolutionary anthropology. Evolutionary Anthropology 2:78-88.
    • (1993) Evolutionary Anthropology , vol.2 , pp. 78-88
    • Hill, K.1
  • 47
    • 0002437725 scopus 로고
    • Foraging decisions among Ache hunter-gatherers: New data and implications for optimal foraging models
    • HILL, K., K. HAWKES, H. KAPLAN, AND A. M. HURTADO. 1987. Foraging decisions among Ache hunter-gatherers: New data and implications for optimal foraging models. Ethology and Sociobiology 8:1-36.
    • (1987) Ethology and Sociobiology , vol.8 , pp. 1-36
    • Hill, K.1    Hawkes, K.2    Kaplan, H.3    Hurtado, A.M.4
  • 48
    • 51649149978 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of reproductive senescence and menopause in human females: An evaluation of the grandmother hypothesis
    • HILL, K., AND A. M. HURTADO. 1991. The evolution of reproductive senescence and menopause in human females: An evaluation of the grandmother hypothesis. Human Nature 2:313-50.
    • (1991) Human Nature , vol.2 , pp. 313-350
    • Hill, K.1    Hurtado, A.M.2
  • 51
    • 0020365413 scopus 로고
    • Village composition implied by a paleodemographic life table: The Libben site
    • -. 1982. Village composition implied by a paleodemographic life table: The Libben site. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 59:263-69. [FJW, SEC]
    • (1982) American Journal of Physical Anthropology , vol.59 , pp. 263-269
  • 53
    • 0021890499 scopus 로고
    • Female subsistence strategies among the Ache of eastern Paraguay
    • HURTADO, A. M., K. HAWKES, K. HILL, AND H. KAPLAN. 1985. Female subsistence strategies among the Ache of eastern Paraguay. Human Ecology 13:1-28.
    • (1985) Human Ecology , vol.13 , pp. 1-28
    • Hurtado, A.M.1    Hawkes, K.2    Hill, K.3    Kaplan, H.4
  • 54
    • 85067500722 scopus 로고
    • Parental effects on offspring survivorship among Ache and Hiwi hunter-gatherers: Implications for modeling pair-bond stability
    • Edited by Barry Hewlett. Hawthorne, N.Y.: Aldine de Gruyter
    • HURTADO, M., AND K. HILL. 1992. "Parental effects on offspring survivorship among Ache and Hiwi hunter-gatherers: Implications for modeling pair-bond stability," in Father-child relations: Cultural and biosocial contexts. Edited by Barry Hewlett, pp. 31-56. Hawthorne, N.Y.: Aldine de Gruyter. [RH]
    • (1992) Father-child Relations: Cultural and Biosocial Contexts , pp. 31-56
    • Hurtado, M.1    Hill, K.2
  • 55
    • 0000392753 scopus 로고
    • Trade-offs between female food acquisition and child care among Hiwi and Ache foragers
    • HURTADO, A. M., K. HILL, H. KAPLAN, AND I. HURTADO. 1992. Trade-offs between female food acquisition and child care among Hiwi and Ache foragers. Human Nature 3: 185-216.
    • (1992) Human Nature , vol.3 , pp. 185-216
    • Hurtado, A.M.1    Hill, K.2    Kaplan, H.3    Hurtado, I.4
  • 56
    • 0017953850 scopus 로고
    • The food sharing behavior of proto-human hominids
    • ISAAC, G. LL. 1978. The food sharing behavior of proto-human hominids. Scientific American 238:90-108.
    • (1978) Scientific American , vol.238 , pp. 90-108
    • Isaac, G.Ll.1
  • 57
    • 85067971972 scopus 로고
    • The evolutionary ecology of primate social structure
    • Edited by E. A. Smith and B. Winterhalder. Hawthorne, N.Y.: Aldine de Gruyter
    • JANSON, C. H. 1992. "The evolutionary ecology of primate social structure," in Human evolutionary ecology. Edited by E. A. Smith and B. Winterhalder, pp. 95-130. Hawthorne, N.Y.: Aldine de Gruyter.
    • (1992) Human Evolutionary Ecology , pp. 95-130
    • Janson, C.H.1
  • 58
    • 0001887186 scopus 로고
    • Ecological risk aversion in juvenile primates
    • Edited by M. E. Pereira and L. A. Fairbanks. Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • JANSON, C. H., AND C. P. VAN SCHAIK. 1993- "Ecological risk aversion in juvenile primates," in Juvenile primates: Life history, development, and behavior. Edited by M. E. Pereira and L. A. Fairbanks, pp. 57-76. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    • (1993) Juvenile Primates: Life History, Development, and Behavior , pp. 57-76
    • Janson, C.H.1    Van Schaik, C.P.2
  • 59
    • 0013681561 scopus 로고
    • The bonobos' peaceable kingdom
    • November
    • KANO, TAKAYOSHI. 1990. The bonobos' peaceable kingdom. Natural History, November, pp. 62-71. [TK]
    • (1990) Natural History , pp. 62-71
    • Kano, T.1
  • 60
    • 0000844196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Male rank order and copulation rate in a unitgroup of bonobos at Wamba, Zaire
    • Edited by W. McGrew, L. Marchant, and T. Nishida. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • -. 1996. "Male rank order and copulation rate in a unitgroup of bonobos at Wamba, Zaire," in Great ape societies. Edited by W. McGrew, L. Marchant, and T. Nishida, pp. 114-34. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1996) Great Ape Societies , pp. 114-134
  • 61
    • 54249099497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of the human life course
    • n.d. Edited by K. Wachter and C. Finch. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences
    • KAPLAN, H. n.d. "The evolution of the human life course," in The biodemography of aging. Edited by K. Wachter and C. Finch. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences.
    • The Biodemography of Aging
    • Kaplan, H.1
  • 64
    • 0001277378 scopus 로고
    • Anatomy, behavior, and modern human origins
    • KLEIN, R. G. 1995. Anatomy, behavior, and modern human origins. Journal of World Prehistory 9:167-98.
    • (1995) Journal of World Prehistory , vol.9 , pp. 167-198
    • Klein, R.G.1
  • 65
    • 0002560485 scopus 로고
    • Parental investment: The hominid adaptation
    • Edited by D. Ortner. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press
    • LANCASTER, J., AND C. LANCASTER. 1983. "Parental investment: The hominid adaptation," in How humans adapt. Edited by D. Ortner, pp. 33-69. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
    • (1983) How Humans Adapt , pp. 33-69
    • Lancaster, J.1    Lancaster, C.2
  • 66
    • 0004247757 scopus 로고
    • Lee, R. B., and I. Devore. Editors. Chicago: Aldine
    • LEE, R. B., AND I. DEVORE. Editors. 1968. Man the hunter. Chicago: Aldine.
    • (1968) Man the Hunter
  • 68
    • 0001925630 scopus 로고
    • Butchering marks and carcass acquisition strategies: Distinguishing hunting from scavenging in archaeological contexts
    • -. 1994. Butchering marks and carcass acquisition strategies: Distinguishing hunting from scavenging in archaeological contexts. Journal of Archaeological Science 21:827-37.
    • (1994) Journal of Archaeological Science , vol.21 , pp. 827-837
  • 69
    • 0001098659 scopus 로고
    • Hadza bone assemblages and hyena attrition: An ethnographic example of the influence of cooking and mode of discard on the intensity of scavenger ravaging
    • -. 1995. Hadza bone assemblages and hyena attrition: An ethnographic example of the influence of cooking and mode of discard on the intensity of scavenger ravaging. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 14:288-314.
    • (1995) Journal of Anthropological Archaeology , vol.14 , pp. 288-314
  • 70
    • 0028573009 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral ecological implications of early hominid body size
    • Edited by J. S. Oliver, N. E. Sikes, and K. M. Stewart. London: Academic Press
    • MCHENRY, H. M. 1994. "Behavioral ecological implications of early hominid body size," in Early hominid behavioral ecology. Edited by J. S. Oliver, N. E. Sikes, and K. M. Stewart, pp. 77-88. London: Academic Press.
    • (1994) Early Hominid Behavioral Ecology , pp. 77-88
    • Mchenry, H.M.1
  • 71
    • 84935677308 scopus 로고
    • Intergroup aggression in chimpanzees and humans
    • MANSON, J. H., AND R. W. WRANGHAM. 1991. Intergroup aggression in chimpanzees and humans, CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 12:369-90.
    • (1991) Current Anthropology , vol.12 , pp. 369-390
    • Manson, J.H.1    Wrangham, R.W.2
  • 72
    • 0000417191 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive patterns in primates and other mammals: The dichotomy between altricial and precocial offspring
    • Edited by C. J. DeRousseau. New York: Wiley-Liss
    • MARTIN, R. D., AND A. M. MAC LARNON. 1990. "Reproductive patterns in primates and other mammals: The dichotomy between altricial and precocial offspring," in Primate life history and evolution. Edited by C. J. DeRousseau, pp. 47-79. New York: Wiley-Liss.
    • (1990) Primate Life History and Evolution , pp. 47-79
    • Martin, R.D.1    Mac Larnon, A.M.2
  • 73
    • 71149085006 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of chimpanzee material culture between Bossou and Nimba, West Africa
    • Edited by A. Russon, K. Bard, and S. Parker. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • MATSUZAWA, TETSURO, AND GEN YAMAKOSHI. 1995. "Comparison of chimpanzee material culture between Bossou and Nimba, West Africa," in Reaching into thought. Edited by A. Russon, K. Bard, and S. Parker. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [TK]
    • (1995) Reaching into Thought
    • Matsuzawa, T.1    Yamakoshi, G.2
  • 75
    • 0002873632 scopus 로고
    • Savanna chimpanzees
    • Edited by T. Nishida, W. McGrew, P. Marler, M. Pickford, and F. de Waal. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press
    • MOORE, J. 1992. "Savanna chimpanzees," in Topics in primatology, vol. 1, Human origins. Edited by T. Nishida, W. McGrew, P. Marler, M. Pickford, and F. de Waal, pp. 99-118. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press.
    • (1992) Topics in Primatology, Vol. 1, Human Origins , vol.1 , pp. 99-118
    • Moore, J.1
  • 76
    • 0004096864 scopus 로고
    • Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press
    • MURDOCK, G. P. 1967. Ethnographic atlas. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
    • (1967) Ethnographic Atlas
    • Murdock, G.P.1
  • 77
    • 0041301315 scopus 로고
    • Free or doomed? Images of the Hadzabe hunters and gatherers of Tanzania
    • Edited by T. Ingold, D. Riches, and J. Woodburn. Oxford: Berg
    • NDAGALA, D. K. 1988. "Free or doomed? Images of the Hadzabe hunters and gatherers of Tanzania," in Hunters and gatherers, vol. 2, History, evolution, and social change. Edited by T. Ingold, D. Riches, and J. Woodburn, pp. 65-72. Oxford: Berg.
    • (1988) Hunters and Gatherers, Vol. 2, History, Evolution, and Social Change , vol.2 , pp. 65-72
    • Ndagala, D.K.1
  • 78
    • 0002727495 scopus 로고
    • Demography and reproductive profile
    • Edited by T. Nishida. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press
    • NISHIDA, TOSHISADA, HIROYUKI TAKASAKI, AND YUKIO TAKAHATA. 1990. "Demography and reproductive profile," in The chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains. Edited by T. Nishida, pp. 63-97. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press. [TK]
    • (1990) The Chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains , pp. 63-97
    • Nishida, T.1    Takasaki, H.2    Takahata, Y.3
  • 80
    • 0029515251 scopus 로고
    • Ethnoarchaeology needs a general theory of behavior
    • O'CONNELL, J. E. 1995. Ethnoarchaeology needs a general theory of behavior. Journal of Archaeological Research 3:205-55.
    • (1995) Journal of Archaeological Research , vol.3 , pp. 205-255
    • O'Connell, J.E.1
  • 81
    • 0000041172 scopus 로고
    • Hadza scavenging: Implications for Plio/Pleistocene hominid subsistence
    • O'CONNELL, J. E., K. HAWKES, AND N. G. BLURTON JONES. 1988a. Hadza scavenging: Implications for Plio/Pleistocene hominid subsistence, CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 29:356-63.
    • (1988) Current Anthropology , vol.29 , pp. 356-363
    • O'Connell, J.E.1    Hawkes, K.2    Blurton Jones, N.G.3
  • 82
    • 0001009901 scopus 로고
    • Hadza hunting, butchering, and bone transport and their archaeological implications
    • -. 1988b. Hadza hunting, butchering, and bone transport and their archaeological implications. Journal of Anthropological Research 44:113-62.
    • (1988) Journal of Anthropological Research , vol.44 , pp. 113-162
  • 83
    • 0025034480 scopus 로고
    • Reanalysis of large mammal body part transport among the Hadza
    • -. 1990. Reanalysis of large mammal body part transport among the Hadza. Journal of Archaeological Science 17:301-16.
    • (1990) Journal of Archaeological Science , vol.17 , pp. 301-316
  • 84
    • 0025950622 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of refuse producing activities at Hadza residential base camps: Implications for analyses of archaeological site structure
    • Edited by E. M. Kroll and T. D. Price. New York: Plenum Press
    • -. 1991. "Distribution of refuse producing activities at Hadza residential base camps: Implications for analyses of archaeological site structure," in The interpretation of archaeological spatial patterning. Edited by E. M. Kroll and T. D. Price, pp. 61-77. New York: Plenum Press.
    • (1991) The Interpretation of Archaeological Spatial Patterning , pp. 61-77
  • 85
    • 0026471890 scopus 로고
    • Patterns in the distribution, site structure, and assemblage composition of Hadza kill-butchering sites
    • -. 1992. Patterns in the distribution, site structure, and assemblage composition of Hadza kill-butchering sites. Journal of Archaeological Science 19:319-45.
    • (1992) Journal of Archaeological Science , vol.19 , pp. 319-345
  • 86
    • 0003010116 scopus 로고
    • On the evolution of mating systems in birds and mammals
    • ORIANS, G. H. 1969. On the evolution of mating systems in birds and mammals. American Naturalist 103(934):589-603.
    • (1969) American Naturalist , vol.103 , Issue.934 , pp. 589-603
    • Orians, G.H.1
  • 88
    • 0000310376 scopus 로고
    • The origin and evolution of menopause: The altriciality-lifespan hypothesis
    • PECCEI, J. S. 1995. The origin and evolution of menopause: The altriciality-lifespan hypothesis. Ethology and Sociobiology 16:425-49.
    • (1995) Ethology and Sociobiology , vol.16 , pp. 425-449
    • Peccei, J.S.1
  • 91
    • 0029833518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution and climate variability
    • -. 1996b. Evolution and climate variability. Science 273: 922-23. [CMW]
    • (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 922-923
  • 92
    • 0000081496 scopus 로고
    • The energetics of human reproduction
    • Edited by A. S. I. Loudon and P. A. Racey. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London 57
    • PRENTICE, A. M., AND R. G. WHITEHEAD. 1987. "The energetics of human reproduction," in Reproductive energetics in mammals. Edited by A. S. I. Loudon and P. A. Racey, pp. 275-304. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London 57.
    • (1987) Reproductive Energetics in Mammals , pp. 275-304
    • Prentice, A.M.1    Whitehead, R.G.2
  • 93
    • 84977304072 scopus 로고
    • The social organization of Australian tribes
    • RADCLIFFE-BROWN, A. R. 1931. The social organization of Australian tribes. Oceania 1:426-56.
    • (1931) Oceania , vol.1 , pp. 426-456
    • Radcliffe-Brown, A.R.1
  • 96
    • 0029524389 scopus 로고
    • Stable isotope studies in human evolution
    • SCHOENINGER, M. J. 1995. Stable isotope studies in human evolution. Evolutionary Anthropology 4(3):83-98.
    • (1995) Evolutionary Anthropology , vol.4 , Issue.3 , pp. 83-98
    • Schoeninger, M.J.1
  • 97
    • 53249133584 scopus 로고
    • Feeding, foraging, and food sharing behavior of immature chimpanzees
    • SILK, J. 1979. Feeding, foraging, and food sharing behavior of immature chimpanzees. Folia Primatologica 29:129-41.
    • (1979) Folia Primatologica , vol.29 , pp. 129-141
    • Silk, J.1
  • 98
    • 0000797781 scopus 로고
    • Life history and the evolution of human maturation
    • SMITH, B. H. 1992. Life history and the evolution of human maturation. Evolutionary Anthropology 1:134-42.
    • (1992) Evolutionary Anthropology , vol.1 , pp. 134-142
    • Smith, B.H.1
  • 100
    • 0006080604 scopus 로고
    • The economic and social basis of primitive bands
    • Edited by R. Lowie. Berkeley: University of California Press
    • STEWARD, J. 1936. "The economic and social basis of primitive bands," in Essays in anthropology presented to A. L. Kroeber. Edited by R. Lowie, pp. 331-45. Berkeley: University of California Press.
    • (1936) Essays in Anthropology Presented to A. L. Kroeber , pp. 331-345
    • Steward, J.1
  • 101
    • 0001411314 scopus 로고
    • Tool-using and making behavior in wild chimpanzees at Bossou, Guinea
    • SUGIYAMA, YUKIMARU. 1979. Tool-using and making behavior in wild chimpanzees at Bossou, Guinea. Primates 20:513-24. [TK]
    • (1979) Primates , vol.20 , pp. 513-524
    • Sugiyama, Y.1
  • 102
    • 0000303178 scopus 로고
    • Social structure and dynamics of wild chimpanzees at Bossou, Guinea
    • SUGIYAMA, Y., AND J. KOMAN. 1979. Social structure and dynamics of wild chimpanzees at Bossou, Guinea. Primates 20: 323-39.
    • (1979) Primates , vol.20 , pp. 323-339
    • Sugiyama, Y.1    Koman, J.2
  • 104
    • 0001410857 scopus 로고
    • The Neandertal life cycle: The possibility, probability, and perceptibility of contrasts with recent humans
    • Edited by C. J. DeRousseau. New York: Wiley-Liss
    • TRINKAUS, E., AND R. L. TOMPKINS. 1990. "The Neandertal life cycle: The possibility, probability, and perceptibility of contrasts with recent humans," in Primate life history and evolution. Edited by C. J. DeRousseau, pp. 153-80. New York: Wiley-Liss.
    • (1990) Primate Life History and Evolution , pp. 153-180
    • Trinkaus, E.1    Tompkins, R.L.2
  • 105
    • 0002323847 scopus 로고
    • The ecology of social relationships amongst female primates
    • Edited by V. Standen and R. Foley. London: Blackwell
    • VAN SCHAIK, C. P. 1989. "The ecology of social relationships amongst female primates," in Comparative socioecology of mammals and man. Edited by V. Standen and R. Foley, pp. 195-218. London: Blackwell.
    • (1989) Comparative Socioecology of Mammals and Man , pp. 195-218
    • Van Schaik, C.P.1
  • 106
    • 0040080667 scopus 로고
    • Plant foods in savanna environments: A preliminary report of tubers eaten by the Hadza of northern Tanzania
    • VINCENT, A. S. 1985a. Plant foods in savanna environments: A preliminary report of tubers eaten by the Hadza of northern Tanzania. World Archaeology 17:131-47.
    • (1985) World Archaeology , vol.17 , pp. 131-147
    • Vincent, A.S.1
  • 110
    • 85129698225 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of hunting
    • Edited by R. B. Lee and I. DeVore. Chicago: Aldine
    • WASHBURN, S. L., AND C. S. LANCASTER. 1968. "The evolution of hunting," in Man the hunter. Edited by R. B. Lee and I. DeVore, pp. 293-303. Chicago: Aldine.
    • (1968) Man the Hunter , pp. 293-303
    • Washburn, S.L.1    Lancaster, C.S.2
  • 112
    • 0030305752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pan paniscus 1973 to 1996: Twenty-three years of field research
    • WHITE, E. J. 1996. Pan paniscus 1973 to 1996: Twenty-three years of field research. Evolutionary Anthropology 5(1):11-17.
    • (1996) Evolutionary Anthropology , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 11-17
    • White, E.J.1
  • 113
    • 0000055057 scopus 로고
    • Pleiotropy, natural selection, and the evolution of senescence
    • WILLIAMS, G. C. 1957. Pleiotropy, natural selection, and the evolution of senescence. Evolution 11:398-411.
    • (1957) Evolution , vol.11 , pp. 398-411
    • Williams, G.C.1
  • 114
    • 0003555131 scopus 로고
    • Princeton: Princeton University Press
    • -. 1966. Adaptation and natural selection. Princeton: Princeton University Press. [FJW, SEC]
    • (1966) Adaptation and Natural Selection
  • 115
    • 0002008014 scopus 로고
    • African hunter-gatherer social organization: Is it best understood as a product of encapsulation?
    • Edited by T. Ingold, D. Riches, and J. Woodburn. Oxford: Berg
    • WOODBURN, J. C. 1988. "African hunter-gatherer social organization: Is it best understood as a product of encapsulation?" in Hunters and gatherers, vol. 1, History, evolution, and social change. Edited by T. Ingold, D. Riches, and J. Woodburn, pp. 31-64. Oxford: Berg.
    • (1988) Hunters and Gatherers, Vol. 1, History, Evolution, and Social Change , vol.1 , pp. 31-64
    • Woodburn, J.C.1
  • 116
    • 0001998161 scopus 로고
    • The significance of African apes for reconstructing human social evolution
    • Edited by W. G. Kinzey. Albany: State University of New York Press
    • WRANGHAM, R. W. 1987. "The significance of African apes for reconstructing human social evolution," in The evolution of human behavior: Primate models. Edited by W. G. Kinzey, pp. 51-71. Albany: State University of New York Press.
    • (1987) The Evolution of Human Behavior: Primate Models , pp. 51-71
    • Wrangham, R.W.1
  • 118
    • 0002044043 scopus 로고
    • Female social relationships and social organization of Kibale forest chimpanzees
    • Edited by T. Nishida, W. McGrew, P. Marler, M. Pickford, and F. de Waal. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press
    • WRANGHAM, R. W., A. P. CLARK, AND G. ISABIRYEBASUTA. 1992. "Female social relationships and social organization of Kibale forest chimpanzees," in Topics in primatology, vol. 1, Human origins. Edited by T. Nishida, W. McGrew, P. Marler, M. Pickford, and F. de Waal, pp. 81-98. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press.
    • (1992) Topics in Primatology, Vol. 1, Human Origins , vol.1 , pp. 81-98
    • Wrangham, R.W.1    Clark, A.P.2    Isabiryebasuta, G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.