Electron capture by large helium droplets

Journal of Chemical Physics

Volumn 108, Issue 22, 1998, Pages 9327-9338

  Henne, Ulrich ^a   Toennies, J Peter ^a  

^a MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR DYNAMICS AND SELF ORGANIZATION   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000455466     PISSN: 00219606     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.476385     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. H. Haberland, Clusters of Atoms and Molecules I: Theory, Experiment, and Clusters of Atoms, Springer Series in Chemical Physics, Vol. 52 (Springer, Berlin, 1994).
2. J. P. Toennies, in The Chemical Physics of Atomic and Molecular Clusters, edited by G. Scoles, Proceedings of the International School of Physics Enrico Fermi, Course CVII, Varenna, 1988 (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1990), p. 597.
3. J. Gspann, in Physics of Electronic and Atomic Collisions, edited by S. Datz (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1982), p. 79.
4. K. B. Whaley, Int. Rev. Phys. Chem. 13, 41 (1994).
5. A. Scheidemann, J. P. Toennies, and J. A. Northby, Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 1899 (1990).
6. M. Lewerenz, B. Schilling, and J. P. Toennies, J. Chem. Phys. 102, 8191 (1995).
7. A. Scheidemann, B. Schilling, and J. P. Toennies, J. Phys. Chem. 97, 2128 (1993).
8. A. Bartelt, J. D. Close, F. Federmann, N. Quaas, and J. P. Toennies, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3525 (1996).
9. M. Lewerenz, B. Schilling, and J. P. Toennies, Chem. Phys. Lett. 206, 381 (1993).
10. F. Dalfovo, J. Harms, and J. P. Toennies, Phys. Rev. B (submitted).
11. M. Hartmann, R. E. Miller, J. P. Toennies, and A. Vilesov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1566 (1995).
12. M. Hartmann, J. P. Toennies, and A. Vilesov (unpublished).
13. P. Sindzingre, M. L. Klein, and D. M. Ceperly, Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 1601 (1989).
14. M. V. Rama Krishna and K. B. Whaley, J. Chem. Phys. 93, 6738 (1990).
15. M. Hartmann, F. Mielke, G. Benedek, J. P. Toennies, and A. F. Vilesov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 4560 (1996).
16. K. Martini, J. P. Toennies, and C. Winkler, Chem. Phys. Lett. 178, 429 (1991).
17. J. Gspann, Physica B 169, 519 (1991).
18. T. Jiang and J. A. Northby, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 2620 (1992).
19. J. A. Northby, C. Kim, and T. Jiang, Physica B 194, 426 (1994).
20. J. A. Northby and C. Kim, Physica B 194, 1229 (1994).
21. T. Jiang, S. Sun, and J. A. Northby, in Physics and Chemistry of Finite Systems: From Clusters to Crystals, edited by P. Jena et al. (Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1992), Vol. 1, p. 223 f.
22. E. L. Knuth, U. Henne, and J. P. Toennies, Proceedings of the 20th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics, Beijing, China, August 1996 (unpublished).
23. M. V. Rama Krishna and K. B. Whaley, Phys. Rev. 38, 11839 (1988).
24. M. Rosenblit and J. Jortner, J. Chem. Phys. 101, 9982 (1994).
25. M. Rosenblit and J. Jortner, J. Phys. Chem. 98, 9365 (1994).
26. C. C. Grimes and G. Adams, Phys. Rev. B 45, 2305 (1992).
27. M. Fárník, U. Henne, B. Samelin, and J. P. Toennies (unpublished).
28. W. Schoepe and G. W. Rayfield, Phys. Rev. A 7, 2111 (1973).
29. H. Buchenau, J. A. Northby, E. L. Knuth, J. P. Toennies, and C. Winkler, J. Chem. Phys. 11, 6875 (1990).
30. Located in the gas inlet system outside the vacuum chamber with 2-5 μm pore diameter; Fa. Hoke, Frankfurt.
31. Located in the nozzle support, 0.25 μm pore diameter; Fa. Best, Hamburg.
32. CryoIndustries of America, Cryogenic Workstation RC 102, special design (June 1994).
33. U. Henne, Untersuchung Grosser durch Elektronenstoss Erzeugter Negativer und Positiver Helium-Clusterionen, Bericht 5/1996 (Max-Plank-Institut für Strömungsforschung, Göttingen, 1996).
34. F. Bagusat, Aufbau und Charakterisierung einer Elektronenqueulle zur Untersuchung von Helium-Clustern, Diplomarbeit, Bericht 103/1995 (Max-Planck-Institut für Strömungsforschung, Göttingen, 1995).
35. M. Fárník, U. Henne, B. Samelin, and J. P. Toennies, Z. Phys. D 40, 93 (1997).
36. H. D. Hagstrum, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 12, 7 (1975).
37. H. D. Hagstrum, J. Appl. Phys. 31, 897 (1960).
38. 5). As a result we found spurious structures in the size distributions measured with this detection scheme, which were sensitive to the voltages applied to the lens and the conversion plate.
39. J. N. H. Brunt, G. C. King, and F. H. Read, J. Phys. B 10, 433 (1977).
40. H. Buchenau, J. A. Northby, and J. P. Toennies, J. Chem. Phys. 95, 8134 (1991).
41. T. Jiang, C. Kim, and J. A. Northby, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 700 (1993).
42. J. R. Broomall, W. D. Johnson, and D. G. Onn, Phys. Rev. B 14, 2819 (1976).
43. R. M. Jordan, H. R. Siddiqui and P. E. Siska, J. Chem. Phys. 84, 6719 (1986).
44. C. M. Surko, G. J. Dick, F. Reif, and W. C. Walker, Phys. Rev. Lett. 23, 842 (1969).
45. C. L. Cleveland, U. Landman, and R. N. Barnett, Phys. Rev. B 39, 117 (1989).
46. 1 (see Sec. IV A) are created still below this region.
47. J. A. Northby, S. Yurgenson, and C. Kim, J. Low Temp. Phys. 101, 427 (1995).
48. F. Ancilotto and F. Toigo, Phys. Rev. B 50, 12820 (1994).
49. M. Rosenblit and J. Jortner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 4079 (1995).
50. M. Rosenblit and J. Jortner (unpublished).
51. E. Cheng, M. W. Cole, and M. H. Cohen, Phys. Rev. B 50, 1136 (1994).
52. E. Cheng, M. W. Cole, and M. H. Cohen, Phys. Rev. B 50, 16134 (1994).
53. 0= 1.15 eV, which is consistent with the present experimental results.
54. M. Joppien, R. Karnbach, and T. Möller, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 2654 (1993).
55. M. Joppien, Lumineszenzspektroskopische Untersuchungen der Elektronischen Anregung von Helium- und Neon-Clustern, Interner Bericht, DESY, HASYLAB94-01 (Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, 1994).
56. J. W. Keto, F. J. Soley, M. Stockton, and W. A. Fitzsimmons, Phys. Rev. A 10, 887 (1974).
57. - complex does not play a role for electron capture by He droplets.
58. O. Ingolfsson, F. Weik, and E. Illenberger, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 155, 1 (1996).
59. D. G. Onn and M. Silver, Phys. Rev. A 3, 1773 (1971).
60. This value is deduced from the averaged cross sections presented in Ref. 3. Since the momentum transfer cross section for He is only slightly smaller than the elastic cross section we used the latter for simplicity.
61. D. Andrick and H. Erhardt, Z. Phys. 192, 99 (1966).
62. - and He*+0.1 eV ground state energy of the electron in its bubble. The changes in the surface energy are of the order of another 0.05 eV for r= 17 Å.
63. B. Schilling, Molekularstrahlexperimente mit Helium-Clustern, Bericht 14/1993 (Max-Plank-Institut für Strömungsforschung, Göttingen, 1993).
64. A. A. Radzig and B. M. Smirnov, Reference Data on Atoms, Molecules and Ions (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 1985).
65. A. Pesnelle and S. Runge, in Electronic and Atomic Collisions, edited by J. Eichler, I. V. Hertel, and N. Stolterfoht, (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1984), p. 559.