Responses of a C4 grass and three C3 forbs to variation in nitrogen and light in tallgrass prairie

Ecology

Volumn 77, Issue 6, 1996, Pages 1738-1749

  Turner, C L ^a,b   Knapp, A K ^a  

^a KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES   (United States)

Author keywords

Abundance and distribution of forbs; Burning regime; Forb ecophysiology; Forb morphological responses; Forb topographic position; Nitrogen and light availability; Photosynthesis; Seasonal light environments; Stomatal conductance; Tallgrass prairie

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000451780     PISSN: 00129658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/2265779     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Aarssen, L. W. 1983. Ecological combining ability and competitive combining ability in plants: toward a general evolutionary theory of coexistence in systems of competition. American Naturalist 122:707-731.
2. Abrams, M. D., A. K. Knapp, and L. C. Hulbert. 1986. A ten-year record of aboveground biomass in a Kansas tallgrass prairie: effects of fire and topographic position. American Journal of Botany 73:1509-1515.
3. Briggs, J. M., and A. K. Knapp. 1995. Interannual variability in primary production in tallgrass prairie: climate, soil moisture, topographic position and fire as determinants of aboveground biomass. American Journal of Botany 82:1024-1030.
4. Connell, J. H. 1978. Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs. Science 199:1302-1310.
5. Diamond, J. 1988. Factors controlling species diversity: overview and synthesis. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 75:117-129.
6. 3 plants. Oecologia 78:9-19.
7. Fahnestock, J. T., and A. K. Knapp. 1993. Water relations and growth of tallgrass prairie forbs in response to selective grass herbivory by bison. International Journal of Plant Sciences 154:432-440.
8. Field, C., and H. A. Mooney. 1986. The photosynthesis-nitrogen relationship in wild plants. Pages 25-55 in T. J. Givnish, editor. On the economy of form and function. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
9. Fischer, A. G. 1960. Latitudinal variation in organic diversity. Evolution 14:64-81.
10. Freeman, C. C., and L. C. Hulbert. 1985. An annotated list of the vascular flora of Konza Prairie Research Natural Area, Kansas. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 90:81-84.
11. Garcia, F. O., and C. W. Rice. 1994. Microbial biomass dynamics in tallgrass prairie. Soil Science Society of America Journal 58:816-823.
12. Gibson, D. J., and L. C. Hulbert. 1987. Effects of fire, topography and year-to-year climatic variation on species composition in tallgrass prairie. Vegetatio 72:175-185.
13. Goldberg, D. E., and P. A. Werner. 1983. The effects of size of opening in vegetation and litter cover on seedling establishment of goldenrods (Solidago spp.). Oecologia 60:149-151.
14. Grime, J. P. 1973. Control of species density in herbaceous vegetation. Journal of Environmental Management 1:151-167.
15. 4). Ecology 61:846-858.
16. Knapp, A. K. 1984a. Post-burn differences in solar radiation, leaf temperature and water stress influencing production in a lowland tallgrass prairie. American Journal of Botany 71:220-227.
17. _. 1984b. Water relations and growth of three grasses during wet and drought years in a tallgrass prairie. Oecologia 65:35-43.
18. 4 dominated grassland. Acta Oecologica Oecologia Plantarum 6:337-346.
19. Knapp, A. K., and T. R. Seastedt. 1986. Detritus accumulation limits productivity of tallgrass prairie. BioScience 36:662-668.
20. Kuppers, M. 1994. Canopy gaps: competitive light interception and ecological space filling - a matter of whole-plant allocation. Pages 111-144 in M. M. Caldwell and R. W. Pearcy, editors. Exploitation of environmental heterogeneity by plants: ecophysiological processes above- and belowground. Academic Press. San Diego, California, USA.
21. 4 grasses to drought and rain on a tallgrass prairie in northeastern Kansas. Botanical Gazette 152:257-262.
22. Morgan, D. C., and H. Smith. 1979. A systematic relationship between phytochrome-controlled development and species habitat, for plants grown in simulated natural radiation. Planta 145:253-258.
23. SAS Institute. 1989. SAS/STAT user's guide, version 6. Fourth edition. SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA.
24. Schmid, B., and F. A. Bazzaz. 1994. Crown construction, leaf dynamics, and carbon gain in two perennials with contrasting architecture. Ecological Monographs 64:177-203.
25. Seastedt, T. R., J. M. Briggs, and D. J. Gibson. 1991. Controls of nitrogen limitation in tallgrass prairie. Oecologia 87:72-79.
26. Seastedt, T. R., and A. K. Knapp. 1993. Consequences of nonequilibrium resource availability across multiple time scales: the transient maxima hypothesis. American Naturalist 141:621-633.
27. Smith, H. 1982. Light quality, photoperception, and plant strategy. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 33:481-518.
28. _. 1986. The perception of light quality. Pages 187-217 in R. E. Kendrick and G. H. M. Kroneneber, editors. Photomorphogenesis in plants. Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
29. Tilman, D. 1988. Plant strategies and the dynamics and structure of plant communities. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
30. 3 forbs to fire and topographic position in tallgrass prairie during a wet year. International Journal of Plant Science 156:216-226.
31. Wedin, D., and D. Tilman. 1993. Competition among grasses along a nitrogen gradient: initial conditions and mechanisms of competition. Ecological Monographs 63:199-229.
32. Whittaker, R. H. 1972. Evolution and measurement of species diversity. Taxon 21:213-251.
33. _. 1977. Evolution of species diversity in inland communities. Evolutionary Biology 10:1-67.
34. Zar, J. J. 1984. Biostatistical analysis. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA.