Measuring leisure motivation: A meta-analysis of the Recreation Experience Preference scales

Journal of Leisure Research

Volumn 28, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 188-213

  Manfredo, Michael J ^a   Driver, B L ^b   Tarrant, Michael A ^c  

^a Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences

^b ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Experience based management; Motivations; Needs; Recreation experience preference

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000349639     PISSN: 00222216     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00222216.1996.11949770     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Ballman, G. E., Knopp, T. B., & Merriam, L. C., Sr. (1981). Managing the environment for diverse recreation: Cross country skiing in Minnesota. (Agric. Exp. Station Bull. 544, Forestry Series 39). St. Paul, MN: University of Minnesota.
2. Beaman, A. L. (1991). An empirical comparison of meta-analytic and traditional reviews. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17(3), 252-257.
3. Bollen, K. A. (1989). Structural equations with latent variables. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
4. Bollen, K. A., & Long, J. S. (1993). Testing structural equation models. Sage Publications, Newbury Park, CA.
5. Brown, P. J., Driver, B. L., & McConnell, C. (1978). The opportunity spectrum concept and behavioral information in outdoor recreation supply inventories: Background and application. Integrated Inventories of Renewable Natural Resources: Proceedings of the Workshop. (USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-55). Fort Collins, CO: Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station.
6. Brown, P. J., & Haas, G. E. (1980). Wilderness recreation experience: The Rawah case. Journal of Leisure Research, 12(3), 229-241.
7. Brown, P. J., & Ross, D. H. (1982). Recreation experience preferences as variables in recreation setting preference decisions. Forest and River Recreation: Research Update. Agric. Exp. Station Misc. Pub. 18-1982, St. Paul, MN: University of Minnesota.
8. Cacioppo, J. T., & Petty, R. E. (1981). Electromyograms as measures of extent and affectivity of information processing. American Psychologist, 36(5), 441-456.
9. Church, A. T., & Burke, P. J. (1994). Exploratory and confirmatory tests of Big Five and Tellegen's Three and Four-Dimensional models. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(1), 93-114.
10. Cooper, H. M., & Lemke, K. M. (1991). The role of meta-analysis in personality and social psychology. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17(3), 245-251.
11. Driver, B. L. (1976). Quantification of outdoor recreationists' preferences. Research Camping and Environmental Education. Penn State Series II, University Park, PA: Penn State University.
12. Driver, B. L. (1977). Item pool for scales designed to quantify the psychological outcomes desired and expected from recreation participation. Unpublished. USDA Forest Service, Fort Collins, CO: Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station.
13. Driver, B. L. (1983). Master list of items for Recreation Experience Preference scales and domains. Unpublished Document. USDA Forest Service, Fort Collins, CO: Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station.
14. Driver, B. L., & Brown, P. J. (1975). A sociopsychological definition of recreation demand, with implications for recreation resource planning. In Assessing Demand for Outdoor Recreation. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences.
15. Driver, B. L., & Brown, P. J. (1978). The opportunity spectrum concept and behavioral information in outdoor recreation resource supply inventories: A rationale. In Integrated Inventories of Renewable Natural Resources: Proceedings of the Workshop. USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-55, Fort Collins, CO: Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station.
16. Driver, B. L., Brown, P. J., Gregoire, T. G., & Stankey, G. H. (1987). The ROS planning system: Evolution and basic concepts. Leisure Sciences, 9, 203-214.
17. Driver, B. L., & Cooksey, R. W. (1980). Preferred psychological outcomes of recreational fishing. In R. A. Barnhart & T. D. Rodlofs (Eds.), Catch and Release risking as a Management Tool: A National Sport fishing Symposium (pp. 27-40). Arcata, CA: Humboldt State University.
18. Driver, B. L., & Knopf, R. C. (1976). Temporary escape: One product of sport fisheries management. Fisheries, 1, 2-29.
19. Driver, B. L., & Knopf, R. C. (1977). Personality, outdoor recreation and expected consequences. Environment and Behavior, 9(2), 169-193.
20. Driver, B. L., Tinsley, H. E. A., & Manfrede, M. J. (1991). The paragraphs about leisure and recreation experience preference scales: Results from two inventories designed to access the breadth of the perceived psychological benefits of leisure. In B. L. Driver, G. L. Peterson & P. J. Brown (Eds.), Benefits of Leisure (pp. 263-286). Venture Press, State College, PA.
21. Driver, B. L., & Tocher, S. R. (1970). Toward a behavioral interpretation of recreation engagements with implications for planning. In B.L. Driver (Ed.), Elements of Outdoor Recreation Planning. Ann Arbor, MI: University Microfilms Mich.
22. Emmons, R. A. (1989). The personal striving approach to personality. In L.A. Pervin (Ed.), Goal Concepts in Personality and Social Psychology (pp. 87-126). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
23. Graefe, A. R., Ditton, R. B., Roggenbuck, J. W., & Schreyer, R. (1981). Notes on the stability of the factor structure of leisure meanings. Leisure Sciences, 4(1), 51-65.
24. Haas, G. E., Driver, B. L., & Brown, P. J. (1980). A study of ski touring experiences on the While River National Forest. In Proceedings of the North American Symposium on Dispersed Winter Recreation (pp. 27-29). Office of Special Programs Educational Series 2-3, Agric. Ext. Ser., St. Paul, MN: University of Minn.
25. Haas, G. E., Driver, B. L., & Brown, P. J. (1981). Measuring wilderness recreation experiences. Proceedings of the Wilderness Psychology Group Annual Conference. Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire. Department of Psychology.
26. Hedges, L.V., & Olkin, I. (1985). Statistical methods for meta-analysis. New York: Academic Press.
27. Homer, P. M., & Kahle, L. R. (1988). A structural equation test of the value-attitude-behavior hierarchy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(4), 638-646.
28. Hunter, J. E., Schmidt, F. L., & Jackson, G. B. (1982). Meta-analysis: Cumulating research findings across studies. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
29. Jöreskog, K. G. (1993). Testing structural equation models. In K. A. Bollen and J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing Structural Equation Models (pp. 294-316). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
30. Jöreskog, K. G., & Sorbom, D. (1989). LISREL 7 user's reference guide. Chicago, IL: Scientific Software, Inc.
31. Knopf, R. C. (1976). Relationships between desired consequences of recreation engagements and conditions in home neighborhood environments. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
32. Knopf, R. C. (1983). Recreational needs and behavior in natural settings. InJ. F. Wohlwill (Ed.), Behavior and the Natural Environment (pp. 205-240). New York: Plenum Publishing.
33. Knopf, R. C., Driver, B. L., & Bassett, J. R. (1973). Motivations for fishing. In Transactions of the 28th North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference (pp. 191-204). Wash., DC: Wildlife Management Institute.
34. Knopf, R. C., Peterson, G. L., & Leatherberry, E. C. (1983). Motives for recreational river floating: Relative consistency across settings. Leisure Sciences, 5(3), 231-255.
35. Lawler, E. E. (1973). Motivations in work organizations. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
36. Manfredo, M. J. (1984). The comparability of onsite and offsite measures of recreation needs. Journal of Leisure Research, 76(3), 245-249.
37. Manfredo, M. J., Brown, P. J., & Haas, G. E. (1980). Fishermen values in wilderness. Proceedings of the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, 52, 276-297.
38. Manfredo, M. J., Driver, B. L., & Brown, P. J. (1983). A test of concepts inherent in experience based setting management for outdoor recreation areas. Journal of Leisure Research, 15, 263-283.
39. Manfredo, M. J., & Larson, R. A. (1993). Managing for wildlife viewing recreation experiences: An application in Colorado. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 21, 226-236.
40. Manfredo, M. J., Sneegas, J. J., Driver, B. L., & Bright, A. (1989). Hunters with disabilities: A survey of wildlife agencies and a case study of Illinois deer hunters. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 17, 514-519.
41. McLaughlin, W. J., & Paradice, W. E. J. (1980). Using visitor preference information to guide dispersed winter recreation management for cross-country skiing and snowmobiling. In Proceedings of the North American Symposium on Dispersed Winter Recreation (pp. 64-72). Office of Special Programs Educational Series 2-3, Agr. Ext. Ser., St. Paul, MN: University of Minn.
42. Miller, N., & Cooper, H. M. (1991). Introduction. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17(3), 243-244.
43. Mulaik, S., VanAlsteine, J.L., Bennett, N., Lind, S., & Stillwell, C. (1989). Evaluation of goodness of fit indices for structural equation models. Psychological Bulletin, 105, 430-445.
44. Mullen, B, Salas, E., & Miller, N. (1991). Using meta-analysis to test theoretical hypotheses in social psychology. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17(3), 258-264.
45. Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Validity. In Wright and Gardner (Eds.), Psychometric Theory (p. 701). New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.
46. Rosenthal, D. H., Driver, B. L., & Waldman, D. (1982). Construct validity of instruments measuring recreationists' preferences. Leisure Sciences, 5(2), 89-108.
47. Schreyer, R., Knopf, R. C., & Williams, D. R. (1985). Reconceptualizing the motive/environment link in recreation choice behavior. In G. Stankey & S. McCool (Eds.), Proceedings Symposium on Recreation Choice Behavior (pp. 9-18). Ogden, UT: Intermountain Research Station, Gen. Tech. Report INT-184.
48. Schreyer, R., & Roggenbuck, J. W. (1978). The influence of experience expectations on crowding perceptions and social-psychological carrying capacities. Leisure Sciences, 1, 373-394.
49. Stewart, W. P. (1992). Influence of the on-site experience on recreation experience preference judgment. Journal of Leisure Research, 24(2), 185-198.
50. Stewart, W. P., & Carpenter, E. H. (1989). Solitude at Grand Canyon: An application of expectancy theory. Journal of Leisure Research, 21(1), 4-17.
51. Tarrant, M. A., Manfredo, M. J., & Driver, B. L. (1994). Recollections of outdoor recreation experiences: A psychophysiological perspective. Journal of Leisure Research, 26(4), 357-371.
52. Tinsley, H. E. A., Driver, B. L., Bay, S. B., & Manfredo, M. J. (1986). Stability of Recreation Experience Preference (REP) ratings for samples and individuals across three measurement periods. Journal of Education and Psychological Measurement, 41(3), 897-907.
53. Tinsley, H. E. A., Driver, B. L., & Kass, R. A. (1982). Reliability and concurrent validity of the Recreation Experience Preference scales. Journal of Educational and Psychological Measurement, 41(3), 897-907.
54. Tippets, E. (1992). A comparison of methods for evaluating and modifying covariance structure models. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Assn. Meeting, San Francisco, CA.
55. Virden, R. J., & Knopf, R. C. (1989). Activities, experiences, and environmental settings: A case study of recreation opportunity spectrum relationships. Leisure Sciences, 11, 159-176.
56. Wellman, J. D. (1979). Recreational response to privacy stress: A validation study. Journal Leisure Research, 11(1), 61-73.
57. Williams, D. R., Ellis, G. D., Nickerson, N. P., & Shafer, C. S. (1988). Contributions of time, format, and subject to variation in recreation experience preference measurement. Journal of Leisure Research, 20(1), 57-68.
58. Williams, D. R., Schreyer, R., & Knopf, R. C. (1990). The effect of the experience use history on the multidimensional structure of motivations to participate in leisure activities. Journal of Leisure Research, 22(1), 36-54.
59. Wothke, W. (1993). Nonpositive definite matrices in structural modeling. In K. A. Bollen and J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 256-293). Newburg Park, CA: Sage Publications.