Age, reproductive history, seasonality, and maternal body composition during pregnancy for nomadic Turkana of Kenya

American Journal of Human Biology

Volumn 11, Issue 5, 1999, Pages 658-672

  Pike, Ivy L ^a  

^a OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000267509     PISSN: 10420533     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6300(199909/10)11:5<658::AID-AJHB9>3.0.CO;2-E     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Adair L. 1984. Marginal intake and maternal adaptation: The case of rural Taiwan. In: Pollitt E, Amante P, editors. Energy intake and activity. New York: Liss. p 33-55.
2. Adair LS, Pollitt E. 1983. Seasonal variation in pre- and postpartum maternal body measurements and infant birth weights. Am J Phys Anthropol 62:325-331.
3. Adair L, Pollitt E, Mueller W. 1983. Maternal anthropometric changes during pregnancy and lactation in a rural Taiwanese population. Hum Biol 55:771-787.
4. Anderson M, Krasovec K 1991. Introduction. In: Krasovec K, Anderson MA, editors. Maternal nutrition and pregnancy outcomes: Anthropometric assessment. Washington, DC: Pan American Health Organization, Pub. No. 529. p 1-28.
5. Ceesay SM, Prentice AM, Cole TJ, Foord F, Weaver LT, Poskitt EM, Whitehead RG. 1997. Effects on birth weight and perinatal mortality of maternal dietary supplements in rural Gambia: 5 year randomised controlled trial. Br Med J 315:786-790.
6. Ellis JE, Swift DM. 1988. Stability of African pastoral ecosystems: Alternate paradigms and implications for development. J Range Manag 41:450-459.
7. Ferro-Luzzi A, Branca F. 1993. Nutritional seasonality: The dimensions of the problem. In: Ulijaszek S, Strickland SS, editors. Seasonality and human ecology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p 149-164.
8. Galvin KA. 1985. Food procurement, diet, activities and nutrition of Ngisonyoka, Turkana pastoralists in an ecological and social context. PhD dissertation, State University of New York, Binghamton.
9. Galvin KA. 1992. Nutritional ecology of pastoralists of dry tropical Africa. Am J Hum Biol 4:209-221.
10. Garn S, Pesick S. 1982. Relationship between various maternal body mass measures and size of the newborn. Am J Clin Nutr 36:664-668.
11. Gibbons JD. 1976. Nonparametric methods for quantitative analysis. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
12. Gonzalez-Cossio T, Delgado H. 1991. Functional consequences of maternal malnutrition. World Rev Nutr Diet 64:139-173.
13. Gray SJ. 1994. Comparison of effects on breastfeeding practices on birth spacing in three societies: Nomadic Turkana, Gainj and Quechua. J Biosoc Sci 26:69-90.
14. Gray SJ. 1996. Ecology of weaning among nomadic Turkana pastoralists of Kenya: Maternal thinking, maternal behavior, and human adaptive strategies. Hum Biol 68:437-465.
15. Haas JD, Balcazar H, Caulfield L. 1987. Variation in early neonatal mortality for different types of fetal growth retardation. Am J Phys Anthropol 73:467-473.
16. Harris HE, Ellison GTH, Holliday M. 1997. Is there an independent association between parity and maternal weight gain? Ann Hum Biol 24:507-519.
17. Huss-Ashmore R. 1988. Introduction: Why study seasons? In: Huss-Ashmore R, Curry JJ, Hitchcock RK, editors. Coping with seasonal constraints. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, The Museum Applied Science Center for Archaeology (MASCA), Research Papers in Science and Archaeology, Vol. 5, p 5-8.
18. Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences. 1990. Nutrition during pregnancy. I. Weight gain. II. Nutrient supplements. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
19. Kleinman JC. 1990. Maternal weight gain during pregnancy: determinants and consequences. NCHS working paper series No. 33. National Center for Health Statistics, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Hyattsville, MD.
20. Kramer M. 1987. Determinants of low birth weight: Methodological assessment and meta-analysis. Bull WHO 65:663-737.