Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis - Current status

Journal of Association of Physicians of India

Volumn 45, Issue 8, 1997, Pages 640-647

  Sundar, S ^a  

^a BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000261666     PISSN: 00045772     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (66)

1. Sundar S, Thakur BB, Tandon AK, et al. Clinicoepidemiological study of drug resistance in Indian kala-azar. Br Med J 1993; 308 : 307.
2. Berman JD. Chemotherapy for leishmaniasis: Biochemical mechanisms clinical efficacy, and future strategies. Rev Infect Dis 1988; 10: 560-86.
3. Berman JD, Waddell D, Hanson BD. Biochemical mechanisms of the antileishmanial activity of sodium stibogluconate. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1985; 27 : 916-20.
4. Bryccson ADM, Chulay JD, Mugambi M, et al Visceral leishmaniasis unresponsive to antimony drugs. II. Response to high dose stibogluconate or prolonged treatment with pentamidine. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 1985; 79 : 705-14.
5. Grogl M, Odoula AM, Cordero LD, Kyle DE. Leishmania spp: development of pentostam-resistant clones in vitro by discontinuous drug exposure. Exp Parasitol 1989; 69 : 78-90.
6. Grogl M, Thomason T, Franke ED. Drug resistance in leishmaniasis: Its implications in systemic chemotherapy of cutaneous and mucocutaneous disease. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1992; 47 : 117-26.
7. Ullman B, Carrero-Valenzulea E, Coons T. Leishmania donovani: Isolation and characterization of sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam) - resistant cell lines. Exp Parasitol 1989; 69 : 157-63.
8. Manson-Bahr PEC, Bell DR (Eds). Visceral Leishmaniasis. In : Manson's Tropical Diseases (19th Edition) London: Bailliere Tindall 1987; 87-113.
9. Peter W. The treatment of kala-azar-new approach to an old problem. Indian J Med Res 1981; 73 (suppl) : 1-18.
10. Jha TK. A study on early diagnostic features of kala-azar occurring in North Bihar (Abstract). 10th International Congress on Tropical Medicine and Malaria, Manila. 1980; 197-8.
11. Jha TK, Sharma VK. Prolonged sodium stibogluconate therapy in Indian kala-azar. J Assoc Physicians Ind 1986; 34 : 169-71.
12. Thakur CP, Kumar M, Singh SK, et al. Comparison or regimens of treatment with sodium stibogluconate in kala-azar. Br Med J 1984; 288 : 895-7.
13. Thakur CP, Kumar M, Kumar P, Mishra BN, Pandey AK. Rationalisation of regimens of treatment of kala-azar with sodium stibogluconate in India: A randomized study. Br Med J 1988; 26 : 21-5.
14. World Health Organization. The leishmaniasis : Report of a WHO Expert Committee. WHO Tech Rep Ser 1984; 701.
15. World Health Organisation. The control of leishmaniases: Report of an expert committee. WHO Tech Rep Ser 1990; 793 : 50-5.
16. Jha TK, Singh NKP, Jha S. Therapeutic use of sodium stibogluconate in kala-azar from some hyperendemic districts Of N. Bihar, India (abstr). J Assoc Physicians India 1992; 42 : 868.
17. Sundar S, Rosenkaimer F, Murray HW. Immunochemotherapy for a systemic intracellular infection : Accelerated response using interferon in visceral leishmaniasis. J Infect Dis 1995; 171 : 992-6.
18. Herwaldt BL, Berman JD. Recommendations for treating leishmaniasis with sodium stibogluconate (pentostam) and review of pertinent clinical studies. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1992; 46 : 296-306.
19. Chulay JD, Bryceson ADM. Quantitation of amastigotes of Leishmania donovani in smears of splenic aspirates from patients with visceral leishmaniasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1983; 32 : 475-9.
20. Thakur CP, Kumar M, Pandey AK. Evaluation of efficacy of longer durations of therapy of fresh cases of kala-azar with sodium stibogluconate. Indian J Med Res (A) 1991; 93 : 103-10.
21. Chulay JD, Spencer H, Mugambi M. Electrocardiographic changes during treatment of leishmaniasis with pentavalent antimony (sodium stibogluconate). Am J Trop Med Hyg 1985; 34 : 702-9.
22. Singh NKP, Sharma D, Jha TK. Kala-azar mortality in hospitalised cases in North Bihar, India. J Assoc Physicians India 1989; 37 : 514-6.
23. Sundar S, Sinha PR, Srivastava R, Berman JD, Murray HW, Singh VP. An epidemic of antimony induced cardiac toxicities due to the bad batch of the drug. (Submitted)
24. Jha TK. Evaluation of diamidine compounds (pentamidine isethionate) in the treatment of resistant cases of kala-azar occurring in North Bihar, India. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 1983; 77 : 167-70.
25. Thakur CP, Kumar M, Pandey AK. Comparison of regimens of treatment of antimony-resistant kala-azar patients: A randomized study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1991; 45 : 435-41.
26. Jha SN, Singh NKP, Jha TK. Changing response to diamidine compounds in cases of kala-azar unresponsive to antimonials. J Assoc Physicians India 1991; 39 : 314-6.
27. Mishra M, Singh MP, Choudhury D, Singh VP, Khan AP. Amphotericin B for second line treatment of Indian kala-azar (letter). Lancet 1991; 337 : 926.
28. Giri OP. Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis unresponsive to pentamidine with amphotericin B. J Assoc Physicians Ind 1994; 42 : 688-9.
29. Thakur CP. Controversy in the regimens of treatment with amphotericin B in resistant cases of kala-azar (letter). J Assoc Physicians Ind 1995; 43 : 813-4.
30. Thakur CP, Sinha GP, Sharma V, Pandey AK, Kumar M, Verma BB. Evaluation of amphotericin B as a first line drug in comparison of sodium stibogluconate in the treatment of fresh cases of kala-azar. Ind J Med Res 1993; 97 : 170-5.
31. Mishra M, Biswas UK, Jha AM, Khan AB. Amphotericin versus sodium stibogluconate in first-line treatment of Indian kala-azar. Lancet 1994; 344 : 1599-600.
32. Bloom BR. The power of negative thinking (Editorial). J Clin Invest 1993; 91 : 1265-6.
33. Karp CL, El-Safi SH, Wynn TA, et al. In vivo cytokine profiles in patient with kala-azar marked elevation of both interleukin-10 and interferon-gamma. J Clin Invest 1993; 91 : 1644-8.
34. Ghalib HW, Pluvezam MR, Skeiky YAW, et al. Interleukin 10 production correlates with pathology in human Leishmania donovani infections. J Clin Invest 1993; 92 : 324-9.
35. Brunda MJ. Interleukin-12. J Leuko Biol 1994; 55 : 280-8.
36. Murray HW. Interferon-gamma, the activated macrophage, and the host defense against microbial challenge. Ann Int Med 1988; 108 : 595-608.
37. Sundar S, Rosenkaimer F, Murray HW. Successful treatment of refractory visceral leishmaniasis in India using antimony plus interferon. J Infect Dis 1994; 70 : 659-62.
38. Badaro R, Johnson W. The role of interferon in the treatment of visceral and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis. J Infect Dis 1993; 167 (Suppl) : 13-7.
39. Squires KE, Rosenkaimer F, Sherwood JF, Were JBO, Murray HW. Immunochemotherapy for visceral leishmaniasis: a controlled pilot trial of antimony vs. antimony plus interferon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1993; 48 : 666-9.
40. Sundar S, Murray HW. Effect of treatment with interferon-γ alone in visceral leishmaniasis. J Infect Dis 1995; 172 : 1627-9.
41. Croft SL. Liposomes in the treatment of parasitic diseases. Pharma Int 1986; 7 : 229-33.
42. Richardson VJ. Liposomes in antimicrobial chemotherapy. J Antimicrob Chemother 1983; 12 : 532-4.
43. Jullano RL, Lopez-Berestein G. New lives for old drugs : Liposomal drug delivery systems reduce the toxicity but not the potency of certain chemotherapeutic agents. Pharm Technol 1982; 6 : 164-7.
44. Roerdink FH, Diijkstra J, Spanger HH, Scherphof GL. In vivo and in vitro interaction of liposomes with hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. Biochem Soc Trans 1984; 12 : 335-6.
45. Lopez-Berestein G, Fainstein GR, et al. Liposomal amphotericin B for the treatment of systemic fungal infections in patients with cancer : A preliminary study. J Infect Dis 1985; 151 : 704-10.
46. Davidson RN, Croft SL, Scott A, Maini M, Moody AH, Bryceson ADM. Liposomal amphotericin B in drug-resistant visceral leishmaniasis. Lancet 1991; 337 : 1061-2.
47. Anonymous. Amphotericin B colloidal dispersion investigator's brochure. Menlo Park, California: Liposome Technology. 1991.
48. Berman JD, Ksionski G, Chapman WL, Waits VB, Hanson WL. Activity of amphotericin B cholesterol dispersion (Amphocil) in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992; 36 : 1978-80.
49. Dietze R, Milan EP, Berman JD, et al. Treatment of Brazilian Kala-azar with a short course Amphocil amphotericin B Cholesterol Dispersion. Clin Infect Dis 1993; 17 : 981-6.
50. Davidson RN, di Martino L, Gradoni L, et al. Liposomal amphotericin B (Ambiosome) in Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis: a multi-centre trial. Quart J Med 1994; 87 : 75-81.
51. Seaman J, Boer C, Wilkinson R, et al. Liposomal amphotericin B (Ambiosome) in the treatment of complicated kala-azar under field conditions. Clin Infec Dis 1995; 21 : 188-93.
52. Sundar S, Murray HW. Cure of antimony-unresponsive Indian visceral leishmaniasis with liposomal amphotericin B lipid complex. J Infect Dis 1996; 173 : 762-5.
53. Gokhale PC, Kshirsagar NA, Khan MU, et al. Successful treatment of resistant visceral leishmaniasis with liposomal amphotericin B. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1994; 88 : 228.
54. Mattock NM, Peters W. The experimental chemotherapy of leishmaniasis II. The activity in tissue culture of some antiparasitic and antimicrobial compounds in clinical use. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1975; 69 : 359-71.
55. McCoy NG, Neal RA. The effect of combinations of sodium stibogluconate with other antileishmanial agents against Leishmania donovani. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1989; 83 : 428.
56. Thakur CP, Olliaro P, Gothoskar S, et al. Treatment of visceral leishmaniases (kala-azar) with aminosidine (= paromomycin)-antimonial combinations, a pilot study in Bihar. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1992; 86 : 615-6.
57. Chunge CN, Owate J, Pamba HO, Donno L. Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in Kenya by aminosidine alone or combined with sodium stibogluconate. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1990; 46 : 296-306.
58. Seaman J, Pryce D, Sonodorp HE, Moody A, Bryceson ADM, Davidson RN. Epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in Sudan: A randomized trial of aminosidine plus sodium stibogluconate alone. J Infect Dis 1993; 168 : 715-20.
59. Jha TK. Evaluation of allopurinol in the treatment of kala-azar occurring in North Bihar, India. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1983; 77 : 204-7.
60. Hanson WL, Chapman WL Jr, Kinnamon KE. Testing of drugs for antileishmanial activity in golden hamsters infected with Leishmania donovani. Int J Parasitol 1977; 7 : 443-7.
61. Sherwood JA, Gachihi GS, Muigai RK, et al. Phase 2 efficacy trial of an oral 8-aminoquinoline (WR 6026) for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. Clin Infect Dis 1994; 19 : 1034-9.
62. Van den Bossche H, Willemsens G, Cools W, Marichal P, Lauwers W. Hypothesis on the molecular basis of the antifungal activity of N-substituted imidazoles and triazoles. Biochem Soc Trans 1983; 14 : 47-92.
63. Berman JD, Holz GG Jr, Beach DH. Effects of ketoconazole on growth and sterol biosynthesis of Leishmania mexicana promastigotes in culture. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1984; 12 : 1-13.
64. Wali JP, Agarwal P, Gupta U, Saluja S, Singh S. Ketoconazote in treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. Lancet 1990; 336 : 810-1.
65. Sundar S, Kumar K, Singh VP. Ketoconazole in visceral leishmaniasis (letter). Lancet 1990; 336 : 1582-3.
66. Sundar S, Singh VP, Agarwal NK, Gibbs DL, Murray HW. Treatment of kala-azar with oral fluconazole (Letter). Lancet 1996; 348 : 614.