The new birth right? Identity and the child of the reproduction revolution

International Journal of Children's Rights

Volumn 4, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 273-297

  Freeman, Michael ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000199064     PISSN: 09275568     EISSN: 15718182     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1163/157181896X00176     Document Type: Article

References (95)

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3. The term is that of Peter Singer and Deanne Wells (see The Reproduction Revolution, Oxford: OUP, 1984).
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5. In 1990. The declaration can be found in The State of the World's Children 1991 (Oxford: OUP for UNICEF, 1991, pp. 53-57).
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17. Mdlfrid Grude Flekkoy, A Voice for Children (London: Jessica Kingsley, 1991))
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21. The Rights of Children (Oxford: Blackwell, 1986, p. 1))
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32. 29Sees. 31(6).
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41. Andrea L. Bonnicksen, In Vitro Fertilisation (New York: Columbia University Press, 1989), ch. 4.
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43. "What Shall We Tell the Children?" ., op. cit., supra note 35, p. 96.
44. Second World War, Archbishop Fisher's commission recommended in 1948 that it be criminalised (Report of Commission Appointed by his Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury, 1948). 51 Politics and the Life Sciences 12(2), 155-203 (August 1993).
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48. John Triseliotis, "Obtaining Birth Certificates" in Philip Bean (ed.), Adoption: Essays in Social Policy, Law and Sociology (London: Tavistock, 1984, p. 38).
49. Mary Warnock, A Matter of Life (the '"Warnock Report") (Oxford: Blackwell, 1985, para 4.21). 64Para 3.12. 65 Para 6.10. Para 6.12.
50. Derek Morgan and Robert G. Lee, Blackstone's Guide to the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 (London: Blackstone, 1991) also note this (see p. 166).
51. K.W. Back and R. Snowdon, "The Anonymity of the Gamete Donor", 9 Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 191 (1988).
52. Rainer Frank, "Federal Republic of Germany: New Problems, New Solutions", 29 Journal of Family Law, 371, 375-376 (1990-1991))
53. Derek Morgan and Erwin Bernat, "The Reproductive Waltz: The Austrian Medically Assisted Procreation Act, 1992", Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, 420 (1992).
54. Olivier Guillod, "Everybody Has the Right to Know His Origins!", 33 Journal of Family Law (1995).
55. E. Bemat, "Between Rationality and Metaphysics: The Legal Regulation of Assisted Reproduction", 12 International Journal of Medicine, and Law, 493 (1993).
56. Parliamentary debates: Bulletin Officiel des Deliberations des Chambres Federales, Consul des Etats 1990, p. 477 et seq.: Conseil National 1991 p. 556 et seq., 622.
57. "Sharing Information about DI in the UK", 12(2) Politics and the Life Sciences 194 (1993).
58. "Families and Children" in C. McCrudden and Chambers (eds.), Individual Rights and the Law in Britain (Oxford: 1994).
59. Rachel Cook, Susan Golombok, Alison Bish and Clare Murray, "Keeping Secrets: A Study of Parental Attitudes Toward Talking about Donor Insemination", American Journal of Orthopsychiatry (forthcoming 1995).
60. Susan Golombok, Rachel Cook, Alison Bish and Clare Murray, "Families Created by the New Reproductive Technologies: Quality of Parenting and Social and Emotional Development of the Children", 64 Child Development, 283, 295 (1995). Ibid., p. 297.
61. TheArtificial Family: A Consideration of Artificial Insemination by Donor (London: Allen and Unwin, 1981))
62. R. Snowden, G.D. Mitchell and E.M. Snowden, Artificial Reproduction: A Social Investigation (London: Allen and Unwin, 1983);
63. J.N. Lacker and S. Borg, "Secrecy and the New Reproductive Technologies" in L.M. Whiteford and M.L. Poland (eds.), New Approaches to Human Reproduction: Social and Ethical Dimensions (Boulder: Westview Press, 1989).
64. W.W. Beck, "Two Hundred Years of Artificial Insemination", 41 Fertility and Sterility, 193 (1984);
65. D.N. Joyce, "The Implications of Greater Openness Concerning AID", in AID and After (London: BAFF, 1984, p. 59).
66. G. Annas, "Fathers Anonymous: Beyond the Best Interests of the Sperm Donor", 14 Family Law Quarterly, I (1980).
67. H.D. Kirk, Adoptive Kinship (Toronto: Butterworths, 1981)
68. Erica Haimes, "Recreating the Family? Policy Considerations Relating to the 'New' Reproductive Technologies", in Maureen McNeil, Ian Varcoe, Steven Yearley (eds.), The New Reproductive Technologies (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1990) p. 154, 160.
69. Robyn Rowland, "Social and Psychological Consequences of Secrecy in Artificial Insemination by Donor", in Adoption and AID: Access to Information? (Melbourne: Monash University Centre for Bioethics, 1984).
70. "The Good of the Child", Bioethics, 141, 151 (1987). 96
71. Lying: Moral Advice in Public and Private Life (New York: Rainbow House, 1978) ch. 3.
72. "Genealogical Bewilderment in Children with Substitute Parents", 37 British Journal of Medical Psychology, 133(1964).
73. J. Triseliotis, In Search of Origins: The Experience of Adopted People (London: RKP, 1973);
74. M. Humphreys and H. Humphreys, "A Fresh Look at Genealogical Bewilderment", 59 British Journal of Medical Psychology, 133 (1986).
75. "The Secret of Artificial Insemination by Donor: The Offspring's Experience", Smith College, Northampton, Mass, 1988 (unpublished paper).
76. Lethal Secrets (New York: Warner Books, 1989).
77. "Creating Children-The Medical and Social Dilemma of Assisted Reproduction", 16(11 Adoption and Fostering: The Future, 29, 37 (1992))
78. Department of Health, Adoption: The Future (London: HMSO 1993, Cm. 2288).
79. Robert H. Blank, Regulating Reproduction (New York: Columbia University Press, 1990).
80. E.H. Erikson. "The Problem of Ego Identity", 4 Journal of American Psychological Association, 56, 74 (1956).
81. Joel Feinberg, Social Philosophy (N.J. Engelwood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1973) p. 84,
82. M.D.A. Freeman, The Rights and Wrongs of Children (London: Frances Pinter, 1983, pp. 34-35).
83. "Attitudes and Opinions of Donors on an Artificial Insemination by donor (AID) Programme", 2 Clinical Reproduction and Fertility, 249 (1983))
84. "Semen Donors: Their Motivations and Attitudes to Their Offspring", 7 Journal of Repro ductive and Infant Psychology, 21 (1989))
85. "Identifiable Semen Donors: Attitudes of Donors and Recipient Couples", 105 New Zealand Medical Journal, 27 (1992))
86. Gillian Douglas, "Assisted Reproduction and the Welfare of the Child", 46 Current Legal Problems, 37 (1993).
87. M. Wamock, A Matter of Life (Oxford: Blackwell, 1985) p. 55. 13
88. C. Barton and G. Douglas, Law and Parenthood (London: Butterworths, 1995).
89. David Lamb, Down the Slippery Slope: Arguing in Applied Ethics (London: Croom Helm, 1988). 14
90. Marcel Mauss, The Gift (1954).
91. Janice Raymond in 20(6) Hastings Center Report 7 (1990))
92. Judith Lorber, "Choice, Gift or Patriarchal Bargain?", in H.B. Holmes and L. Purdy (eds.), op. cit., supra note 5, p. 169.
93. Needs ofChildren (London: Hutchingson, 1976).
94. "Market-Inalienability", 100 Harvard Law Review, 1849, 1926(1987).
95. Michael Freeman, "Is Surrogacy Exploitative?", in Sheila A.M. McLean (ed.), Legal Issues in Human Reproduction (Aldershot: Gower. 1989) at p. 176.