The flora of buenos aires: Low richness or mass extinction?

International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences

Volumn 22, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 217-242

  Rapoport, Eduardo H ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL COMAHUE   (Argentina)

^b Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto M Lillo   (Argentina)

Author keywords

Biodiversity; Disturbance; Endemism; Exotics; Invasive species; Landscape heterogeneity; Species richness; Thistle

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000194674     PISSN: 0377015X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (111)

1. Abbá, G. 1980. Flora esotica del Piemonte. Specie coltivate spontaneizzate e specie avventizie. Consiglio nazionale delle Ricerche. Atti Societá Toscana Scienze Naturali, Mem., Serie B, 86 (1979): 263-302.
2. Adams, J.M. 1989. Species diversity and productivity of trees. Plants Today, Nov.-Dec.: 183-187.
3. Aguirre, M.L. 1993. Palaeobiogeography of the Holocene molluscan fauna from northeastern Buenos Aires Province, Argentina: its relation to coastal evolution and sea level changes. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 102: 1-26.
4. Amaral, S. 1990. Auge y decadencia del cardo en el siglo XIX. Anales de la Sociedad Rural Argentina 123: 42-47.
5. Ammerman, A. J. and Cavalli-Sforza, L.L. 1984. The Neolithic Transition and the Genetics of Population in Europe. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
6. Arnold, S.G, 1951. Viaje por América del Sur, 1847-1848. Emecé Editores, S.A., Buenos Aires.
7. Ayala, F.J. and Valentine, J.W. 1979. Genetic variability in the pelagic environment: a paradox? Ecology 60: 24-29.
8. Baker, H.G. 1965. Characteristics and modes of origin of weeds. pages 147-168. In: H.G. Baker and G.L. Stebbins (Editors) The Genetics of Colonizing Species. Academic Press, New York.
9. Bazzaz, F.A. 1986. Life history of colonizing plants: some demographic, genetic, and physiological features. pages 96-108. In: Mooney, H.A. and Drake, J.A. (Editors) Ecology of Biological Invasions of North America and Hawaii. Springer-Verlag, New York.
10. Beaumont, J.A.B. 1828. Viajes por Buenos Aires, Entre Rios y la Banda Oriental (1826-1827). Hachette (1957), Buenos Aires. (Translated from English by J.L. Busaniche). 303 pages.
11. Berg, C. 1887. Enumeración de las plantas europeas que se hallan silvestres en la provincia de Buenos Aires y en Patagonia. Anales Sociedad Científica Argentina 3: 183-206.
12. Boelcke, O., Moore, D.M. and Roig, F.A. (Editors) 1985. Transecta Botánica de la Patagonia Austral. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Argentina), Institute Patagónico (Chile) and Royal Society (U.K.). 733 pages.
13. Burgos, J.J. 1968. El clima de la Provincia de Buenos Aires en relación con la vegetación natural y el suelo. pages 33-99. In: Cabrera, A.L. (Editor) Flora de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. INTA 1, Buenos Aires.
14. Cabrera, A.L. (Editor). 1963-1970. Flora de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. 6 volumes. INTA, Buenos Aires.
15. Cabrera, A.L. I968. Vegetación de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. pages 101-122. In: Cabrera, A.L. (Editor) Flora de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. INTA, Buenos Aires.
16. Cabrera, A.L. and Zardini, E.M. 1978. Manual de la Flora de los Alrededores de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. ACME, Buenos Aires.
17. Chaneton, E.J., Insausti, P., León, R.C and Soriano, A. 1993. Respuesta al pastoreo de dos gramíneas nativas del pastizal pampeano: cambios poblacionales y colonización de micrositios vacantes. XVI Reunión Argentina de Ecología Pto. Madryn: 27.
18. Christie, M. 1994. Estado del conocimiento sobre mamíferos argentines: especies, ejemplares y documentación. Mastozoología Neotropical 1: 157-167.
19. Cook, R.E. 1969. Variation in species density of North American birds. Systematic Zoology 18: 63-84.
20. Cornell, H.V. and Lawton, J.H. 1992. Species interactions, local and regional processes, and limits to the richness of ecological communities: a theoretical perspective. Journal of Animal Ecology 61:1-12.
21. Courtenay, W.R. and Ogilvie, V.E. 1971. Species pollution. Animal Kingdom 74: 22-28.
22. Crosby, A.W. 1986. Ecological Imperialism. The Biological Expansion of Europe, 900-1900. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 368 pages.
23. Currie, D.J. & Paquin, V. 1987. Large-scale biogeographical patterns of species richness of trees. Nature, London, 329: 326-327.
24. Darwin, C. 1898. Viaje de un Naturalista Alrededor del Mundo. El Ateneo, Buenos Aires. (Translated from English by J. Huber, 1942). 617 pages.
25. De Azara, F. 1808. Viajes por la América Meridional. 2 volumes. Espasa-Calpe, S.A., Madrid (1934).
26. Delucchi, G. 1991-1993. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. In: H.L. López and E.P, Tonni (Editors) Situación Ambiental de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas, La Plata.
27. Del Vito, L.A., Petenatti, E.M. and Cei, J.M. 1993. La exploración biológica del extreme sur de América: Colecciones de historia natural procedentes de Argentina y Chile. Parte 1: Botánica. pages 119-162. In: Simposio Internacional sobre Preservación y Conservación de Colecciones de Historia Natural. Ministerio de Cultura, Madrid.
28. Dfaz, S., Acosta, A. and Cabildo, M. 1992. Morphological analysis of herbaceous communities under different grazing regimes. Journal of Vegetation Science 3: 689-96.
29. Farji-Brener, A. and Ruggiero, A. 1994. Leaf-cutting ants (Atta and Acromyrmex) inhabiting Argentina: patterns in species richness and geographical range sizes. Journal of Biogeography 21: 535-43.
30. Flegenheimer, N. 1987. Excavaciones en el Sitio 3 de la localidad Cerro La China (Provincia de Buenos Aires). Relaciones Sociedad Argentina de Antropología (N.S.) 17: 7-28.
31. Forcella, F. 1985. Final distribution is related to rate of spread in alien weeds. Weed Research 25: 181-91.
32. Franceschi, E.A. and Prado, D.E. 1989. Distribution of herbaceous communities of the River Paraná Valley along an elevation gradient after a catastrophic flood. Coenoses 4: 47-53.
33. Frisina, M.R. 1992. Western and Inner Mongolian grasslands: feeling at home on the range. Rangelands 14: 206-207.
34. Frodin, D.G. 1984. Guide to Standard Floras of the World. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
35. Fuentes, E.R. and Simonetti, J.A. 1982. Plant patterning in the Chilean matorral: Are the roles of native and exotic mammals different? General Technical Report PSW-58, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Berkeley, California: 227-233.
36. Gingerich, P.D. 1989. Pleistocene extinctions in the context of origination-extinction. pages 211-222. In: Martin, P.S. and Klein, R.G. (Editors). Quaternary Extinctions. A Prehistoric Revolution. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona.
37. Goldblatt, P. 1978. An analysis of the flora of Southern Africa: its characteristics, relationships, and origins. Annals Missouri Botanical Garden 65: 369-436.
38. Gould, F.W. 1975. Texas plants. A Checklist and Ecological Summary. Texas Agricultural Experimental Station, Texas A & M University. 821 pages.
39. Graham, R.W. and Lundelius, E.L. 1984. Coevolutionary disequilibrium and Pleistocene extinctions. pages 229-249. In: Martin, P.S. and Klein, R.G (Editors) Quaternary Extinctions. A Prehistoric Revolution. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
40. Groombridge, G. (Editor). 1992. Global Biodiversity. Status of the Earth's Living Resources. Chapman & Hall, London. 585 pages.
41. Guevara, J.C.; Abraham de Vázquez, E.M., Candia, R.J. and Kufner, M.B. 1990. Acción del IADIZA en investigación, conservación y desarrollo en la llanura mendocina. Terra Arida. Taller Integral Africa/América Latina, MAB-UNESCO, Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales 8: 87-170.
42. Hauman, L. 1925. Les phanérogames adventices de la flore Argentine. Anales Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Buenos Aires 33: 319-45.
43. Hauman, L. 1927. Les modifications de la flore Argentine sous l'action de la civilisation. Memoires, Academie Royale de Belgique 9: 1-100.
44. Henry, R.D. and Scott, A.R. 1981. Time of introduction of the alien component of the spontaneous Illinois vascular flora. American Midland Naturalist 128: 751-60.
45. Heywood, V.H. 1989. Patterns, extents and modes of invasions by terrestrial plants. pages: 31-60. In: Drake, J.A. et. al. (Editors) Biological Invasions: A Global Perspective. SCOPE, J. Wiley & Sons, Ltd., New York.
46. Hudson, G.E. 1918. Aliá Lejos y Hace Tiempo. Sopena, S.R.L., Buenos Aires. 199 pages.
47. Insausti, P., Soriano, A. and Grimoldi, A. 1993. Cambios en la dinámica de un pastizal inducidos por una inundación natural en la depresión del Salado. XVI Reunión Argentina de Ecología Puerto Madryn: 59.
48. Jäger, E.J. 1977. Veranderungen des Artenbestandes von Floren unter dem Einfluss des Menschen. Biologisches Rundschau 15: 287-300.
49. Janzen, D.H. 1986. Chihuahuan desert nopaleras: defaunated big mammal vegetation. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 17: 595-636.
50. Kearney, T.H. and Peebles, R.H. 1960. Arizona Flora. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. 1085 pages.
51. Kornas, J. 1971. Changements récents de la flore polonaise. Biological Conservation 4: 43-7.
52. Kull, K. and Zobel, M. 1991. High species richness in an Estonian wooded meadow. Journal of Vegetation Science 2: 711-714.
53. Lange, R.T. and Willcocks, M.C. 1980. Experiments on the capacity of present sheep flocks to extinguish some tree populations of the South Australian arid zone. Journal of the Arid Environment 3: 223-9.
54. Lara, A. and Villalba, R. 1993. A 3620-year temperature record from Fitzroya cupressoides tree rings in southern South America. Science 260: 1104-1006.
55. Lewis, J.P. Franceschi, E.A. and Prado, D.E. 1987. Effects of extraordinary floods on the dynamics of tall grasslands of the river Paraná valley. Phytocoenologia 15: 235-51.
56. MacArthur, R.H. 1972. Geographical Ecology. Patterns in the Distribution of Species. Harper & Row, Publ., New York. 269 pages.
57. Mac Cann, W. 1853. Viaje a Caballo por las Provincias Argentinas. (Translated from the English version "Two Thousand Miles Ride Through the Argentine Provinces",). Smith, Elder & Co., London. Solar/Hachette (1969), Buenos Aires.
58. Mack, R.N. 1989. Temperate Grasslands Vulnerable to Plant Invasions: Characteristics and Consequences. pages 155-179. In: Drake, J.A. et al. (Editors) Biological Invasions. A Global Perspective. J. Wiley & Sons, New York.
59. Major, J. 1988. Endemism: a botanical perspective. pages 117-146. In: Myers, A.A. and Giller, P.S. (Editors) Analytical Biogeography. An Integrated Approach to the Study of Animal and Plant Distributions. Chapman & Hall, London.
60. Malyshev, L.I. 1991. Some quantitative approaches to problems of comparative floristics. pages 15-33. In: Nimis, P.L. and Crovello, T.J. (Editors) Quantitative Approaches to Phytogeography. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
61. Martin, P.S. 1984. Prehistoric overkill: the global model, pages 354-403. In: Martin, P.S. and Klein, R.G (Editors) Quaternary Extinction. A Prehistoric Revolution. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona.
62. Martin, W.C. and Hutchins, C.R. 1980. A Flora of New Mexico. 2 volumes. Gartner Verlag, Vaduz.
63. McGregor, R.L. 1976. History of naturalized Kansas plants. Reports State Biological Survey of Kansas 7: 1-35.
64. Miers, J. 1826. Viaje al Plata, 1819-1824. Solar/Hachette (1968), Buenos Aires. (Translated from the English verion Travels in Chile and La Plata' by C. Correa-Morales, Baldwin, London, 1826).
65. Miers, J. 1826. Viaje al Plata, 1819-1824. Solar/Hachette (1968), Buenos Aires. (Translated from the English verion Travels in Chile and La Plata' by C. Correa-Morales, Baldwin, London, 1826).
66. Miller, R.R. 1983. Por la Ciencia y la Gloria Nacional. La Expedición Científica Española a América (1862-1866). Ediciones del Serbal, Barcelona. (Translated from English by A. M. Regueiro).
67. Milchunas, D.G., Sala, D.E. and Lauenroth, W.K. 1988. A generalized model of the effects of grazing by large herbivores on grassland community structure. American Naturalist 132: 87-106.
68. Murray, K.F. 1968. Distribution of North American mammals. Systematic Zoology 17: 99-102.
69. O'Connor, T.G. 1991. Local extinction in perennial grasslands: a life-history approach. American Naturalist 137: 753-73.
70. Perring, F.H. and Walters, S.M. 1976. Atlas of the British Flora. Botanical Society of the British Isles, EP Publication, Lmtd., London. 432 pages.
71. Prado, Com. 1877. La Guerra al Malón. Eudeba, Buenos Aires.
72. Prieto, A.R. and Quattrocchio, M.E. 1993. Briofitas y Pteridofitas en sedimentos del Holoceno de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Anales Asociación de Palinología en Lengua Española. 6: 17-37.
73. Prieto, .M. del R. 1993. Reconstrucción del clima de América del Sur mediante fuentes históricas. Estado de la cuestión. Actas de la Primera Reunión del Proyecto 341/IGCP/IUGS/UNESCO: 1-20.
74. Prieto, M. del R. and Jorba, R.A.R. 1991. Las anomalías climáticas en la cuenca del Plata y el Noa y sus consecuencias socioeconómicas. Siglos XVI, XVII y XVIII. Leguas, Revista Argentina de Geografía 1: 42-103.
75. Rabinovich, J.E. and Rapoport, E.H. 1975. Geographical variation of diversity in Argentine passerine birds. Journal of Biogeography 2: 141-157.
76. Rabassa, J., Heusser, C., Salemme, M., Politis, G. and Stuckenrath, R. 1991. Cuadernos de Geografía 3:221-236.
77. Rapoport, E.H. 1958. Estudio biométrico de cladóceros en lagunas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Publicación Institute de Edafología e Hidrología, Universidad Nacional del Sur 1: 1-79.
78. Rapoport, E.H. 1982. Areography. Geographical Strategies of Species. Pergamon Press, Oxford. 269 pages.
79. Rapoport, E.H. 1988. Lo bueno y lo malo tras el Descubrimiento de América. El punto de vista ecológico y biogeográfko. Arbor 513: 103-24.
80. Rapoport, E.H., Borioli, G., Monjeau, J.A., Puntieri, J.E. and Oviedo, R.D. 1986. The design of nature reserves: A simulation trial for assessing specific conservation value. Biological Conservation 37: 269-90.
81. Rapoport, E.H. and Ezcurra, E. 1977. Polución o contaminación por especies en la zona de Alicura. Mimeo. Fundación Bariloche & Hidronor, Informe Interno, Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Energía.
82. Rapoport, E.H. and Sánchez, L. (1966). Algunos efectos de las inundaciones sobre la fauna geoatmobionte y geohidrobionte. pages 505-520. In: Rapoport, E.H. (Editor) Progresos en Biología del Suelo, UNESCO, Montevideo.
83. Reig, O.A. 1981. Teoría del origen y desarrollo de la fauna de mamíferos en América del Sur. Monografia Naturae, Museo Municipal de Ciencias Naturales 'Lorenzo Scaglia', Mar del Plata 1: 1-162.
84. Rice, B. and Westoby, M. 1983. Plant species richness at the 0.1 hectare scale in Australian vegetation compared to other continents. Vegetatio 52: 129-40.
85. Riney, T. 1964. The impact of introductions of large herbivores on the tropical environment. pages 261-273. The Impact of Man on the Tropical Environment. IUCN 4.
86. Ross, J.H. 1973. An analysis of the flora of Natal. Bothalia 11: 103-6.
87. Ruggiero, A. 1993. Areografía de América del Sur. Un análisis basado en el estudio de sus mamí-feros. Doctoral Thesis, Natural Sciences, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina. 256 pages.
88. Schaller, G.B. 1993. Tibet's remote Chang Tang. In a high and sacred realm. National Geographic 184:62-87.
89. Shaw, R. 1976. Field Guide to the Vascular Plants of Grand Teton National Park and Teton County, Wyoming. Utah State University Press, Logan, Utah. 301 pages.
90. Shetler, S.G. and Skog, L.E. 1978. A Provisional Checklist of Species for the Flora of North America (revised). Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri. 199 pages.
91. Shmida, A. and Ellner, S. 1984. Coexistence of plant species with similar niches. Vegetatio 58: 29-55.
92. Shupe, J.B. and Brotherson, J.D. 1985. Differential effects of cattle and sheep grazing on high mountain meadows in the Strawberry Valley of Central Utah. Great Basin Naturalist 45:141-49.
93. Simpson, G.G. 1964. Species density of North American recent mammals. Systematic Zoology 13: 57-73.
94. Sireau, A. 1966. Teoría de la Población. Ecología Urbana y su Aplicación a la Argentina. Ed. Sudamericana, Buenos Aires. 217 pages.
95. Söyrinki, N. 1991. On the alien flora of the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Annales Botanici Fennici 28: 59-79.
96. Stefenelli, S. 1977. I Fiori della Montagna. Briuli & Verucca.
97. Steinauer, E.M. and Collins, S.L. 1993. Tallgrass prairie response to bison urine. Bulletin Ecological Society of America, Suppl. 74: 444.
98. Tambussi, C.P., Noriega, J.I. and Tonni, E.P. 1993. Late Cenozoic birds of Buenos Aires Province (Argentina): an attempt to document quantitative faunal changes. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 101: 117-129.
99. Taylor, H.C. 1977. The Cape Floral Kingdom - An ecological view. Proceedings Second National Weeds Conference of South Africa: 19-33. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam.
100. Thorne, R.F. 1954. Present status of our knowledge of the vascular plant flora of Iowa. Proceedings Iowa Academy of Sciences 61: 177-83.
101. Tilman, D. and El Haddi, A. 1992. Drought and biodiversity in grasslands. Oecologia 89: 257-264.
102. Toledo, V.M. 1985. A critical evaluation of the floristic knowledge in Latin America and the Caribbean. Report to the Nature Conservancy, Washington and PNUMA (UNEP) 1990. Desarrollo y Medio Ambiente en América Latina y el Caribe. Una Visión Evolutiva. Ministerio de Obras Públicas y Urbanismo, Madrid. 231 pages.
103. Tonni, E.P., Prado, J.L., Bargo, M.S., Menegaz, A.N. and Berman, W.D. 1989. Pleistocene-Recent changes in mammal communities. 5th International Theriological Congress, Roma: 285-286.
104. Verne, J. 1887. Los Grandes Navegantes del Siglo XVIII. A. Jubera, Madrid.
105. Viegi, L., Renzoni, G.C. and Garbari, F. 1974. Flora esotica d'Italia. Lavori della Societá Italiana di Biogeografia. Nuova Serie 4: 125-200.
106. Warwick, S.I.; Bain, J.F.; Wheatcroft, R. and Thompson, B.K. 1989. Hybridization and introgression in Carduus nutans and C. acanthoides reexamined. Systematic Botany 14: 476-494.
107. Waser, N.M. and Price, M.Y. 1981. Effects of grazing on diversity of annual plants in the Sonoran Desert. Oecologia 50: 407-411.
108. Webb, S.D. 1989. Ten million years of mammal extinctions, pages 189-210. In: Martin, P.S. and Klein, R.G. (Editors) Quaternary Extinctions. A Prehistoric Revolution, University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
109. Willem, J.H., Peet, R.K. and Birk, L. 1993. Changes in chalk-grassland structure and species richness resulting from selective nutrient addition. Journal of Vegetation Science 4: 203-312.
110. Williamson, M. 1988. Relationship of species number to area, distance and other variables, pages 91-115. In: Myers, A.A. and Giller, P.S. (Editors) Analytical Biogeography. Chapman & Hall, London.
111. Yatskievych, G. and Tumer, J. 1990. Catalogue of the Flora of Missouri. Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri. 345 pages.