Pronunciation modeling by sharing Gaussian densities across phonetic models

Computer Speech and Language

Volumn 14, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 137-160

  Saraçlar, Murat ^a   Nock, Harriet ^b   Khudanpur, Sanjeev ^a  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DECISION TREES; HIDDEN MARKOV MODELS; LINGUISTICS; TRELLIS CODES;

ACOUSTIC MODEL TRAININGS; AUTOMATIC SPEECH RECOGNITION; CONVERSATIONAL SPEECH; PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTIONS; PRONUNCIATION MODELING; PRONUNCIATION VARIATION; RECOGNITION ACCURACY; SPONTANEOUS SPEECH;

SPEECH RECOGNITION;

EID: 0000114416     PISSN: 08852308     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/csla.2000.0140     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Bellegarda, J. R. & Nahamoo, D. (1990). Tied mixture continuous parameter modeling for speech recognition. IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, 38, 2033-2045.
2. Bernstein, J., Baldwin, G., Cohen, M., Murveit, H. & Weintraub, M. (1986). Phonological studies for speech recognition. In DARPA Speech Recognition Workshop, pp. 41-48.
3. Byrne, W., Finke, M., Khudanpur, S., McDonough, J., Nock, H., Riley, M., Saraclar, M., Wooters, C. & Zavaliagkos, G. (1997). Pronunciation modelling for conversational speech recognition: A status report from WS97. In IEEE Workshop on Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Proceedings (ASRU), Santa Barbara, CA, USA, pp. 26-33.
4. Byrne, W., Finke, M., Khudanpur, S., McDonough, J., Nock, H., Riley, M., Saraclar, M., Wooters, C. & Zavaliagkos, G. (1998). Pronunciation modelling using a hand-labelled corpus for conversational speech recognition. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), Seattle, USA, pp. 313-316.
5. Chen, F. (1990). Identification of contextual factors for pronunciation networks. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), pp. 753-756.
6. Cohen, M. (1989). Phonological structures for speech recognition. Ph.D. Thesis. University of California, Berkeley.
7. Digalakis, V. V., Rtischev, D. & Neumeyer, L. G. (1995). Speaker adaptation using constrained estimation of Gaussian mixtures. IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, 3, 357-366.
8. Eide, E. (1999). Automatic modeling of pronunciation variations. Proceedings of the European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech), Budapest, Hungary, pp. 451-454.
9. Eide, E., Gish, H., Jeanrenaud, P. & Mielke, A. (1995). Understanding and improving speech recognition performance through the use of diagnostic tools. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), Detroit, MI, pp. 221-224.
10. Finke, M., Fritsch, J., Koll, D. & Waibel, A. (1999). Modeling and efficient decoding of large vocabulary conversational speech. Proceedings of the European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech), Budapest, Hungary, pp. 467-470.
11. Finke, M. & Waibel, A. (1997). Speaking mode dependent pronunciation modeling in large vocabulary conversational speech recognition. Proceedings of the European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech), pp. 2379-2382.
12. Fosler, E., Weintraub, M., Wegmann, S., Kao, Y-H., Khudanpur, S., Galles, C. & Saraclar, M. (1996). Automatic learning of word pronunciation from data. Proceedings of the International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP), pp. S28-S29 (addendum).
13. Fosler-Lussier, E. (1999). Multi-level decision trees for static and dynamic pronunciation models. Proceedings of the European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech), Budapest, Hungary, pp. 463-466.
14. Giachin, E., Rosenberg, A. & Lee, C. (1990). Word juncture modeling using phonological rules for HMM-based continuous speech recognition. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), pp. 737-740.
15. Godfrey, J., Holliman, E. & McDaniel, J. (1992). SWITCHBOARD: Telephone speech corpus for research and development. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), pp. 517-520, Available at http://www.ldc.upenn.edu/.
16. Greenberg, S. The switchboard transcription project. Technical Report, 1996 LVCSR Summer Workshop, http://www.icsi.berkeley.edu/real/stp/.
17. Hain, T. & Woodland, R (1999a). Recent experiments with the CU-HTK Hub5 system. 10th Hub-5 Conversational Speech Understanding Workshop.
18. Hain, T. & Woodland, P. C. (1999b). Dynamic HMM selection for continuous speech recognition. Proceedings of the European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech), Budapest, Hungary, pp. 1327-1330.
19. Huang, X. D. & Jack, M. A. (1989). Semicontinuous hidden Markov models for speech signals. Computer Speech and Language, 3, 239-251.
20. Lee, L. & Rose, R. (1996). Speaker normalization using efficient frequency warping procedures. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), Atlanta, GA, pp. 353-356.
21. Leggetter, C. J. & Woodland, R C. (1995). Speaker adaptation of continuous density HMMs using multivariate linear regression. Computer Speech and Language, 9, 171-185.
22. Lucassen, J. M. & Mercer, R. L. (1984). An information theoretic approach to the automatic determination of phonemic baseforms. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), San Diego, CA, pp. 42.5.1-42.5.4.
23. Luo, X. (1999). Balancing Model Resolution and Generalizability in Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition. PhD Thesis. The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
24. McAllaster, D., Gillick, L., Scattone, F. & Newman, M. (1998). Fabricating conversational speech data with acoustic models: A program to examine model-data mismatch. Proceedings of the International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP), Sydney, Australia, pp. 1847-1850.
25. Mohri, M., Pereira, F. C. N. & Riley, M. (2000). The design principles of a weighted finite state transducer library. Theoretical Computer Science, 231, 17-32, Available from http://www.research.att.com/sw/tools/ fsm/.
26. Odell, J. (1995). The Use of Context in Large Vocabulary Speech Recognition. PhD Thesis. Cambridge University Engineering Department.
27. Peskin, B., Newman, M., McAllaster, D., Nagesha, V., Richards, H., Wegmann, S., Hunt, M. & Gillick, L. (1999). Improvements in recognition of conversational telephone speech. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), pp. 53-56.
28. PronLex, COMLEX English Pronunciation, Available from http://www.ldc.upenn.edu/.
29. Riley, M. (1991). A statistical model for generating pronunciation networks. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), pp. 737-740.
30. Riley, M., Byrne, W., Finke, M., Khudanpur, S., Ljolje, A., McDonough, J., Nock, H., Saraclar, M., Wooters, C. & Zavaliagkos, G. (1999). Stochastic pronunciation modelling from hand-labelled phonetic corpora. Speech Communication, 29, 209-224.
31. Riley, M. & Ljolje, A. (1995). Automatic generation of detailed pronunciation lexicons. Automatic Speech and Speaker Recognition : Advanced Topics, chapter 12, pp. 285-302. Kluwer Academic Press.
32. Sloboda, T. & Waibel, A. (1996). Dictionary learning for spontaneous speech recognition. Proceedings of the International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP), Philadelphia, USA, pp. 2328-2331.
33. Strik, H. & Cucchiarini, C. (1999). Modeling pronunciation variation for ASR: A survey of the literature. Speech Communication, 29, 225-246.
34. Tajchman, G., Fosler, E. & Jurafsky, D. (1995). Building multiple pronunciation models for novel words using exploratory computational phonology. Proceedings of the European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech), Madrid, Spain, pp. 2247-2250.
35. Wakita, Y., Singer, H. & Sagisaka, Y. (1999). Multiple pronunciation dictionary using HMM-state confusion characteristics. Computer Speech and Language, 13, 143-153.
36. Weintraub, M., Taussig, K., Hunicke-Smith, K. & Snodgrass, A. (1996). Effect of speaking style on LVCSR performance. Proceedings of the International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP), pp. S16-S19 (addendum).
37. Wooters, C. & Stolcke, A. (1994). Multiple pronunciation lexical modeling in a speaker independent speech understanding system. Proceedings of the International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP), pp. 1363-1366.
38. Young, S., Jansen, J., Odell, J., Ollasen, D. & Woodland, P. The HTK Book (Version 2.0). Entropic Cambridge Research Laboratory.